Parkinson Hastalığının Etyopatogenezi

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 13, 1 - 23, 01.06.2017

Ece Akbayır Melis Şen Ulaş Ay Seray Şenyer Erdem Tüzün , Cem İsmail Küçükali

Öz

Parkinson hastalığı (PH), bazal ganglionlardan, başta substansia nigra olmak üzere, diğer beyin

sapı pigmentli nöronlarını da etkileyen dejeneratif bir süreç olup, tüm parkinsonizm olgularının

%80’ini oluşturur. Başlıca klinik belirtileri istirahat tremoru, bradikinezi, rijidite ve postüral

refleks bozukluğudur. Prevalans çalışmaları 65 yaşın üstündeki nüfusun yaklaşık %1’inin bu

hastalığa tutulduğunu göstermektedir. Türkiye için prevalans 111/100 000 olarak bildirilmiştir.

Günümüzde bu hastalığın semptomlarının gelişmesinden sorumlu olan nigral dejenerasyonun nedeni

bilinmemektedir. Ancak yapılan çalışmalar dikkate alındığında, kalıtsal yatkınlık, çevresel toksinler ve

yaşlanmanın bu süreçte önemli bir rol oynadığını ve etyopatogenezde multifaktöriyel nedenlerin öne

çıktığını görmekteyiz. Son zamanlarda bulunan genetik ve biyokimyasal veriler ışığında genetik ve/

veya çevresel nedenlerle hasara uğrayan ubiquitin-proteozom sisteminin İdiopatik Parkinson Hastalığı

(İPH)’nın patogenezinden sorumlu ana mekanizma olduğu düşünülmektedir.

Biz bu makalede PH’nin etyopatogenezindeki moleküllerin ve süreçlerin toplu halde bir değerlendirmesini

yaptık.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Parkinson Hastalığı, etyopatogenezi

Etiopathogenesis of Parkinson's Disease

Öz

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a degenerative process that affects other brain stem pigmented neurons,

primarily from the basal ganglia, primarily the substantia nigra, accounting for 80% of all parkinsonism

cases. The main clinical indication is resting tremor, bradykinesia, rigidity and postural reflex

impairment. Prevalence studies indicate that approximately 1% of the population over 65 years of age

is being admitted to this disease. The prevalence for Turkey has been reported as 111/100 000.The

cause of nigral degeneration, which is responsible for the development of symptoms of this disease

nowadays, is unknown. However, considering the studies done, we see that hereditary predisposition,

environmental toxins and aging play an important role in this process, and multifactorial causes are

prevalent in etiopathogenesis. The ubiquitin-proteosome system, which has recently been damaged by

genetic and / or environmental causes in the genetic and biochemical signal light, is thought to be

the main mechanism responsible for the pathogenesis of IPD.

In this article, we made a collective assessment of the molecules and processes in the etiopathogenesis

of PD.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Parkinson’s Disease, etiopathogenesis

Kaynakça

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