Öz
Watermarking is a basic secure communication method. It is used for embedding a recognizable pattern in media in such a manner that modification of the media also modifies the pattern, thus making it easy to detect the modification. This technique and its variants have many practical applications pertaining to secure communications, media verification, etc. Digital audio watermarking is a technique for embedding data within an audio signal in such a way that the original and the modified audio signals are essentially identical. The embedded data can be used for various purposes such as secure communication in military applications, owner identification and verification, content authentication, etc. In this study a watermark audio signal is hidden in a message audio signal by using a discrete cosine transform (DCT) domain approach. The tests of fidelity between the original and the watermarked signal and robustness applied to the watermarked signal. The results with both the Human Auditory System (HAS) and numeric/graphic aspects are presented. The results show that an embedded watermark is not easily detectable using either the HAS or other techniques. Additionally, it can be detected successfully in the simulation domain, but it may be susceptible to some noise and channel limitations in the real world.etc.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Cox I. J., Miller M., Bloom J., Friedrich J., and Kalker T., Digital Watermarking and Stenography, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2008.
- Alsalami M. A. T., and Al-Akaidi M. M., “Digital Audio Watermarking: Survey,” Proceedings of the 17th European Simulation Multiconference, 2003.
- Kim H. J., Choi, Y. H., Seok, J. W., and Hong, J. W., “Audio Watermarking Techniques,” Intelligent Water Marking Techniques, Vol.7, No:1, pp. 185-218, 2004.
- Lee S.J., Jung S.H., “A survey of watermarking techniques applied to multimedia”, Proceedings of IEEE Symposium on Industrial electronics, 2001.
- Xu C., Wu J., Sun Q., Xin K., ‘Applications of Basamakal Watermarking Technology in Audio Signals’, JAES Volume 47, Issue 10 pp. 805-812, 1999.
- Chenga Q., Wangb Y., Huangc T.S., ‘Performance Analysis and Error Exponents of Asymmetric Watermarking Systems, Elsevier Signal Processing Volume 84, Issue 8, Pages 1429–1445, 2004.
- Wang X.Y., Zhao H., ‘A Novel Synchronization Invariant Audio Watermarking Scheme Based on DWT and DCT’, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, Vol. 54, No. 12, 2006.
- Bhat V.K., Sengupta I., Das A., ‘Audio Watermarking Based on Mean Quantization in Cepstrum Domain’, IEEE 2008.
- Ramalingam A., Krishnan S., ‘Gaussian Mixture Modeling of Short-Time Fourier Transform Features for Audio Fingerprinting’, IEEE Transactions On Information Forensics And Security, Vol. 1, No. 4, 2006.
- Megías D., Serra-Ruiz J., Fallahpour M., ‘Efficient Self-Synchronised Blind Audio Watermarking System Based on Time Domain and FFT Amplitude Processing Volume 90, Issue 12, Pages 3078– 3092, 2010. Elsevier Signal
Öz
Kaynakça
- Cox I. J., Miller M., Bloom J., Friedrich J., and Kalker T., Digital Watermarking and Stenography, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers, 2008.
- Alsalami M. A. T., and Al-Akaidi M. M., “Digital Audio Watermarking: Survey,” Proceedings of the 17th European Simulation Multiconference, 2003.
- Kim H. J., Choi, Y. H., Seok, J. W., and Hong, J. W., “Audio Watermarking Techniques,” Intelligent Water Marking Techniques, Vol.7, No:1, pp. 185-218, 2004.
- Lee S.J., Jung S.H., “A survey of watermarking techniques applied to multimedia”, Proceedings of IEEE Symposium on Industrial electronics, 2001.
- Xu C., Wu J., Sun Q., Xin K., ‘Applications of Basamakal Watermarking Technology in Audio Signals’, JAES Volume 47, Issue 10 pp. 805-812, 1999.
- Chenga Q., Wangb Y., Huangc T.S., ‘Performance Analysis and Error Exponents of Asymmetric Watermarking Systems, Elsevier Signal Processing Volume 84, Issue 8, Pages 1429–1445, 2004.
- Wang X.Y., Zhao H., ‘A Novel Synchronization Invariant Audio Watermarking Scheme Based on DWT and DCT’, IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, Vol. 54, No. 12, 2006.
- Bhat V.K., Sengupta I., Das A., ‘Audio Watermarking Based on Mean Quantization in Cepstrum Domain’, IEEE 2008.
- Ramalingam A., Krishnan S., ‘Gaussian Mixture Modeling of Short-Time Fourier Transform Features for Audio Fingerprinting’, IEEE Transactions On Information Forensics And Security, Vol. 1, No. 4, 2006.
- Megías D., Serra-Ruiz J., Fallahpour M., ‘Efficient Self-Synchronised Blind Audio Watermarking System Based on Time Domain and FFT Amplitude Processing Volume 90, Issue 12, Pages 3078– 3092, 2010. Elsevier Signal
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 3 Eylül 2013 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2012 Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2 |
