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Gogol’un ‘Palto’sundan: Sol(cu) Tarihyazımlarının Marksist Tarihyazımlarındaki Kökenleri

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 65 - 75, 22.07.2021

Öz

Marksist tarihyazımı, çoğunlukla Sovyetler Birliği ile ilişkilendirilir. Bu nedenle, yine çoğunlukla onun neslinin Sovyetler Birliği’nin çöküşünden sonra neredeyse tükendiği varsayılır. Öte yandan, sol(cu) tarihyazımı kavramsallaştırması, daha genel, esnek ama muğlaktır. Onun kavramsal sınırları, Marksist tarihyazımınınki kadar açık ve net değildir. Bu, kimi Marksist tarihyazımı yönelimlerinin kendi görüşlerini toplumsal cinsiyet, etnisite, kültür ve diğer potansiyel zulüm, baskı ve bastırma eksenleri temelinde genişletmelerinden ileri gelmektedir. Bu evrim, görece daha yeni olan ekonomik tarih, toplumsal tarih, emek tarihi, feminist tarih vd. gibi alanların önünü açtı. Bu nedenle, Marksist tarihyazımının Sovyetler Birliği’nin çöküşünden sonraki ölüm ilanına karşın, o, büyük ölçüde, sol(cu) tarihyazımının çeşitli biçimlerinde ve tarih araştırmalarının görece daha güncel alanlarında sağ kalmayı bildi. Dahası, Marksist tarihyazımlarının kimi biçimleri, var olmayı sürdürerek Sovyetler sonrası dünyadaki gelişmelere yanıt verdi. Sovyetler Birliği’yle birlikte çekip gitmediler. Bunun nedeni, çeşitli Marksist tarihçilerin Sovyetler Birliği çizgisini, Sovyetler’in kabul edilemez buldukları kimi hareketleri nedeniyle ya da Sovyet devrim ve sosyalizm reçetesini tümüyle izlemeyen Latin Amerikalı halk hareketlerinin etkisi dolayısıyla çok önceden terk etmiş olmalarıydı. Bu makalede, sol(cu) tarihyazımının Marksist tarihyazımlarındaki kökenlerini sunuyor ve tartışıyoruz.

Kaynakça

  • CARRIGAN, W.D. (2016). The influence of Marx on historiography of the United States and North America. In Q.E. Wang & G.G. Iggers (eds.). Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective (pp.40-55). Oxon: Routledge.
  • GAYLE, C.A. (2016). The Importance and Legacy of Marxist History in Japan. In Q.E. Wang & G.G. Iggers (eds.). Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective (pp.174-190). Oxon: Routledge.
  • GAZI, E. (2012). Reflections on Marxist historiography in the Eastern Mediterranean. Examples from Greece, Italy and Turkey. Storia della Storiografia, 62(2), 79-87.
  • GEZGIN, U. B. (2020). Ötekiler Açısından Tarih [History from the Eyes of the ‘Others’]. Ankara: Töz.
  • GEZGIN, U. B. (in press a). Çifte Ejderhanın Diyarında: Çin ve Vietnam Üzerine – Cilt 2: Vietnam [In the Terrain of the Double Dragon: On China and Vietnam: Volume 2: Vietnam].
  • GEZGIN, U. B. (in press b). Çifte Ejderhanın Diyarında: Çin ve Vietnam Üzerine – Cilt 1: Çin [In the Terrain of the Double Dragon: On China and Vietnam: Volume 1: China]. Ankara: Töz.
  • HO CHI MINH (1969). Selected Articles and Speeches 1920-1967. London: Lawrence & Wishart.
  • IGGERS, G.G. (2016). The Marxist tradition of historiography in the West. In Q.E. Wang & G.G. Iggers (eds.). Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective (pp.19-39). Oxon: Routledge.
  • IGGERS, G. G. (1993). Rationality and history. In H. Kozicki (ed.). Developments in modern historiography (pp. 19-39). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • KROM, M. (2016). From the Center to the Margin: The Fate of Marxism in Contemporary Russian Historiography. In Q.E. Wang & G.G. Iggers (eds.). Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective (pp.59-69). Oxon: Routledge.
  • LI, H. (2016). Rewriting Modern Chinese History in the Reform Era: Changing Narratives and Perspectives in Chinese Historiography. In Q.E. Wang & G.G. Iggers (eds.). Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective (pp.87-100). Oxon: Routledge.
  • KORDATOS, G. (1931/1975). The Last Days of the Byzantine Empire [Τα τελευταία χρόνια της Βυζαντινής Αυτοκρατορίας]. Athens.
  • MAIGUASHCA, J. (2016). Latin American Marxist History: Rise, Fall and Resurrection. In Q.E. Wang & G.G. Iggers (eds.). Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective (pp.104-121). Oxon: Routledge.
  • MALERBA, J. & JESUS, R.P. (2016). Marxism and Brazilian Historiography. In Q.E. Wang & G.G. Iggers (eds.). Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective (pp.142-173). Oxon: Routledge.
  • PETROV, L. A. (2001, September). North Korean historiography in crisis (1956-1967). In Korean Studies at the Dawn of the Millennium: Proceedings of The Second Biennial Conference, Korean studies Association of Australia. Monash: Monash University (pp. 374-383).
  • PÓK, A. (2016). Marxism in Post-Communist East and Central European Historical Writing. In Q.E. Wang & G.G. Iggers (eds.). Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective (pp.75-86). Oxon: Routledge.
  • STUART-FOX, M. (2003). Historiography, Power and Identity: History and Political Legitimization in Laos: Lao Historiography at the Crossroads. In C.E. Goscha & S. Ivarsson (eds.). Contesting Visions of the Lao Past (pp.71-96). Copenhagen, Denmark: NIAS Press.
  • THORP, R. (1980). The Chinese Bronze Age from a Marxist perspective. Early China, 6, 97-102.
  • WANG, Q.E. & IGGERS, G.G. (2016). Introduction. In Q.E. Wang & G.G. Iggers (eds.). Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective (pp.1-15). Oxon: Routledge.
  • ZAHOOR, M. A., & BILAL, F. (2013). Marxist Historiography: An Analytical Exposition of Major Themes and Premises. Pakistan Journal of History and Culture, 34(2), 25-40.
  • ZAKIPOOR, N., ALLAHYARI, F., & ABARI, A. F. (2014). The advent of Marxist thoughts to Iran: The formation of economic historiography in Iran. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 4(7), 285.
  • ZINN, H. (1980). A People’s History of the United States. New York: HarperCollins.

From Gogol’s ‘Overcoat’: The Origins of Left(ist) Historiographies in Marxist Historiographies

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 65 - 75, 22.07.2021

Öz

Marxist historiography is often associated with the Soviet Union. That is why it is often assumed that it had gone nearly extinct after the collapse of the Soviet Union. The notion of left(ist) historiography on the other hand is more generic, more flexible, but vague. Its conceptual borders are not as clear as those of Marxist historiography. This is due to the fact that some strands of Marxist historiography expanded their views on the basis of gender, ethnicity, culture and other potential axes of oppression, repression and suppression, to evolve into left(ist) historiographies. This evolution paved the way for the relatively younger areas of economic history, social history, labor history, feminist history etc. Secondly, various Marxist historians had already left the ranks of the Soviet Union either due to the acts of the Soviet Union that they find unacceptable or due to the influence of Latin American popular movements which do not completely follow the Soviet recipe for revolution and socialism. Thus, in this paper, we present and discuss the origins of left(ist) historiography in Marxist historiographies.

Kaynakça

  • CARRIGAN, W.D. (2016). The influence of Marx on historiography of the United States and North America. In Q.E. Wang & G.G. Iggers (eds.). Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective (pp.40-55). Oxon: Routledge.
  • GAYLE, C.A. (2016). The Importance and Legacy of Marxist History in Japan. In Q.E. Wang & G.G. Iggers (eds.). Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective (pp.174-190). Oxon: Routledge.
  • GAZI, E. (2012). Reflections on Marxist historiography in the Eastern Mediterranean. Examples from Greece, Italy and Turkey. Storia della Storiografia, 62(2), 79-87.
  • GEZGIN, U. B. (2020). Ötekiler Açısından Tarih [History from the Eyes of the ‘Others’]. Ankara: Töz.
  • GEZGIN, U. B. (in press a). Çifte Ejderhanın Diyarında: Çin ve Vietnam Üzerine – Cilt 2: Vietnam [In the Terrain of the Double Dragon: On China and Vietnam: Volume 2: Vietnam].
  • GEZGIN, U. B. (in press b). Çifte Ejderhanın Diyarında: Çin ve Vietnam Üzerine – Cilt 1: Çin [In the Terrain of the Double Dragon: On China and Vietnam: Volume 1: China]. Ankara: Töz.
  • HO CHI MINH (1969). Selected Articles and Speeches 1920-1967. London: Lawrence & Wishart.
  • IGGERS, G.G. (2016). The Marxist tradition of historiography in the West. In Q.E. Wang & G.G. Iggers (eds.). Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective (pp.19-39). Oxon: Routledge.
  • IGGERS, G. G. (1993). Rationality and history. In H. Kozicki (ed.). Developments in modern historiography (pp. 19-39). London: Palgrave Macmillan.
  • KROM, M. (2016). From the Center to the Margin: The Fate of Marxism in Contemporary Russian Historiography. In Q.E. Wang & G.G. Iggers (eds.). Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective (pp.59-69). Oxon: Routledge.
  • LI, H. (2016). Rewriting Modern Chinese History in the Reform Era: Changing Narratives and Perspectives in Chinese Historiography. In Q.E. Wang & G.G. Iggers (eds.). Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective (pp.87-100). Oxon: Routledge.
  • KORDATOS, G. (1931/1975). The Last Days of the Byzantine Empire [Τα τελευταία χρόνια της Βυζαντινής Αυτοκρατορίας]. Athens.
  • MAIGUASHCA, J. (2016). Latin American Marxist History: Rise, Fall and Resurrection. In Q.E. Wang & G.G. Iggers (eds.). Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective (pp.104-121). Oxon: Routledge.
  • MALERBA, J. & JESUS, R.P. (2016). Marxism and Brazilian Historiography. In Q.E. Wang & G.G. Iggers (eds.). Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective (pp.142-173). Oxon: Routledge.
  • PETROV, L. A. (2001, September). North Korean historiography in crisis (1956-1967). In Korean Studies at the Dawn of the Millennium: Proceedings of The Second Biennial Conference, Korean studies Association of Australia. Monash: Monash University (pp. 374-383).
  • PÓK, A. (2016). Marxism in Post-Communist East and Central European Historical Writing. In Q.E. Wang & G.G. Iggers (eds.). Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective (pp.75-86). Oxon: Routledge.
  • STUART-FOX, M. (2003). Historiography, Power and Identity: History and Political Legitimization in Laos: Lao Historiography at the Crossroads. In C.E. Goscha & S. Ivarsson (eds.). Contesting Visions of the Lao Past (pp.71-96). Copenhagen, Denmark: NIAS Press.
  • THORP, R. (1980). The Chinese Bronze Age from a Marxist perspective. Early China, 6, 97-102.
  • WANG, Q.E. & IGGERS, G.G. (2016). Introduction. In Q.E. Wang & G.G. Iggers (eds.). Marxist Historiographies: A Global Perspective (pp.1-15). Oxon: Routledge.
  • ZAHOOR, M. A., & BILAL, F. (2013). Marxist Historiography: An Analytical Exposition of Major Themes and Premises. Pakistan Journal of History and Culture, 34(2), 25-40.
  • ZAKIPOOR, N., ALLAHYARI, F., & ABARI, A. F. (2014). The advent of Marxist thoughts to Iran: The formation of economic historiography in Iran. International Journal of Academic Research in Business and Social Sciences, 4(7), 285.
  • ZINN, H. (1980). A People’s History of the United States. New York: HarperCollins.
Toplam 22 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Ulaş Başar Gezgin 0000-0002-6075-3501

Yayımlanma Tarihi 22 Temmuz 2021
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Mayıs 2021
Kabul Tarihi 17 Haziran 2021
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

APA Gezgin, U. B. (2021). From Gogol’s ‘Overcoat’: The Origins of Left(ist) Historiographies in Marxist Historiographies. İzlek Akademik Dergi, 3(2), 65-75.


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