The topic of our article is the term “religion vs religion” which represents the bipolar understanding of religion by modern Muslim thinker and sociologist Ali Shariati (d. 1977). The aim of the study is to present what Shariati means by the expression and to establish whether the naming of monotheism (tawhid) and politheism (shirk) in two opposite ends is limited to Islam or extendable to all Abrahamic and even all religions in the world. We observe that Shariati does not study the religions regarding their beliefs, worship, rituals, corporate identity, founders, prophets, symbols, and temples; but include their social, political, and cultural functions they play in a society in a given time perios as well as their historical evolutions. According to Shairati, religion is a dynamic institution that impacts human life profoundly, but also is vulnerable to instrumentalization. As we explore in our study, the author argues that historically there have been two poles not between religion and irreligion in all societies, but between monotheism (tawhid) and multitheism (shirk). Different versions of multitheism ruled the world except for very limited time periods where monotheism dominated. Multithesim functioned as a legitimazing tool for an unjust class system and exploitation. Shariati considered the influential philosophical, ideological and political movements of the 20th century while studying religion with its social, economic, and political functions.
History of Religion Religion Tawhid (Monotheism) Shirk (Politheism) Ali Shariati
Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
---|---|
Konular | Din Araştırmaları |
Bölüm | Hakemli Araştırma Makaleleri |
Yazarlar | |
Yayımlanma Tarihi | 15 Aralık 2020 |
Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2 |
· JAD, bilgiyi genişletmek ve geliştirmek için tamamen Açık Erişim Dergi Politikasını kabul eder.
· Adres: Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt Üniversitesi İslami İlimler Fakültesi Esenboğa Yerleşkesi Çubuk/Ankara