Occupational risk perception of nursing students, affecting factors and their association with occupational accidents: A crosssectional, multicenter study

Yıl 2022, , 923 - 929, 30.11.2022

Sevda Türen , Sevda Efil , Elif Bülbül , Tuğba Yeni , Meryem Yıldız Ayvaz , Rahime Atakoğlu Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.1158638

Öz

Aim: Occupational risks by leading to accidents and diseases can adversely affect the health of nursing students and can cause serious injuries. Therefore, students are expected to be aware of these risks in order to be aware of occupational accidents or diseases and take precautions. This study was aimed to evaluate the occupational risk perception of nursing students and the factors affecting it and their association with occupational accidents.
Material and Methods: Study was carried out with 728 nursing students in six universities. The data were collected using “Data Gathering Form” prepared by researchers and “Occupational Risk Perception Scale (ORPS)”.
Results: The mean age was 20.8±1.65 (min.18-max.35) years and the majority (82.0%) of the participants were females. Clinical practice areas were defined as high risk areas by the 65.1% of the students. Number of the students encountered any health threatening occupational accidents in clinical practice was 223 (30.6%). ORPS score was significantly higher in women, health vocational high school graduates, students with previos occupational health and safety training and students those who encountered occupational accidents before (p <0.05). The ORPS scores of the students included in the study were found to be high (71.8±11.27; min.17-max.85).
Conclusions: ORPS score was found to be affected by gender, health vocational high school graduation, occupational health and safety training, and previous occupational accidents. Experiencing occupational accident during clinical practices was found to be the most striking factor in nursing students' perception of occupational risk.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Occupational risk perception, nursing students, occupational accident

Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin mesleki risk algısı, etkileyen faktörler ve mesleki kazalar ile ilişkisi: Kesitsel, çok merkezli bir çalışma

Öz

Amaç: Mesleki riskler kazalara ve hastalıklara yol açarak hemşirelik öğrencilerinin sağlığını olumsuz etkileyebilir ve ciddi yaralanmalara neden olabilir. Bu nedenle öğrencilerinin mesleki kazalar veya meslek hastalıklarının farkında olmaları ve önlem alabilmeleri için bu risklerin farkında olmaları beklenmektedir. Bu çalışmanın amacı, hemşirelik öğrencilerinin mesleki risk algılarını, etkileyen faktörleri ve bunun mesleki kazalar ile ilişkisini değerlendirmektir.
Gereç ve Yöntemler: Çalışma altı üniversitede 728 hemşirelik öğrencisi ile gerçekleştirildi. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanan “Veri Toplama Formu” ve “Mesleki Risk Algısı Ölçeği (MRAÖ)” kullanılarak toplanmıştır.
Bulgular: Ortalama yaş 20,8±1,65 (en az 18-en fazla 35) yıl olup, katılımcıların çoğunluğu (%82,0) kadındı. Klinik uygulama alanları, öğrencilerin %65,1'i tarafından yüksek riskli alanlar olarak tanımlandı. Klinik uygulamada sağlığı tehdit eden herhangi bir mesleki kaza ile karşılaşan öğrenci sayısı 223'tü (%30,6). MRAÖ puanı kadınlarda, sağlık meslek lisesi mezunlarında, daha önce iş sağlığı ve güvenliği eğitimi almış öğrencilerde ve daha önce mesleki kaza geçirmiş öğrencilerde anlamlı olarak daha yüksekti (p<0.05). Araştırmaya dahil edilen öğrencilerin MRAÖ puanları yüksek bulundu (71,8±11,27; en az 17-en çok 85).
Sonuç: MRAÖ puanının cinsiyet, sağlık meslek lisesi mezuniyeti, iş sağlığı ve güvenliği eğitimi ve geçirilmiş mesleki kazalardan etkilendiği bulundu. Hemşirelik öğrencilerinin mesleki risk algılarında klinik uygulamalar sırasında mesleki kaza yaşamanın en çarpıcı faktör olduğu saptandı.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Mesleki risk algısı, hemşirelik öğrencileri, mesleki kaza

Kaynakça

• Referans1 Ulutasdemir N, Cirpan M, Ozturk Copur E, Tanir F. Occupational risks of health professionals in Turkey as an emerging economy. Annals of Global Health, 2015;81(4):522-529. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.aogh.2015.08.019
• Referans2 Eyi S, Eyi İ. Nursing students’ occupational health and safety problems in surgical clinical practice. SAGE Open, 2020;10(1):1-21. http://doi.org/10.1177/2158244020901801
• Referans3 Elewa A, Banan SH. Occupational hazards as perceived by nursing ınterns and protective measures. IOSR Journal of Nursing and Health Science, 2016;5(6):107-118. http://doi.org/10.9790/1959-050601107118
• Referans4 International Labour Organization (ILO). Occupational health and safety risks in the healthcare sector. [Internet] Avaible from: https://www.ilo.org/dyn/travail/docs/1965/osh.pdf (access: 15.05.2022)
• Referans5 World Health Organization (WHO). Occupational health: health workers. [Internet] Avaible from: https://www.who.int/occupational_health/topics/hcworkers/en/ (access: 23.04.2021)
• Referans6 Cheah WL, Giloi N, Chang CT, Lim JF. The perception, level of safety satisfaction and safety feedback on occupational safety and health management among hospital staff nurses in Sabah State Health Department. The Malaysian Journal of Medical Sciences, 2012;19(3),57-63. PMCID: PMC3629665.
• Referans7 International Council of Nurses (ICN). International nurses day. [Internet] Avaible from: https://www.twna.org.tw/frontend/un07_international/webPages_3/file/IND_Kit_2016.pdf (access: 21.01.2021)
• Referans8 Huang H, Yi Q, Tang S, An R. (Occupational exposure among Chinese nursing students: current status, risking factors and preventive interventions. International Journal of Clinical & Experimental Medicine, 2016;9(8):16578-16586. Retrieved from http://www.ijcem.com/files/ijcem0021097.pdf
• Referans9 Al Wutayd O, AlRehaili A, AlSafrani, Abalkhail A, AlEidi S. Current Knowledge, attitudes, and practice of medical students regarding the risk of Hepatitis B virus infection and control measures at Qassim University. Maced J Med Sci, 2019;7(3):435-439.
• Referans10 Ören B, Zengin N. Assessing health threatening problems among nursing or midwifery students during the clinical education course in Turkey. Iran Journal of Public Health, 2019;48(1):85-94. PMCID: PMC6401586
• Referans11 Alcantara Luque R, Rodriguez Borrego A, Gonzalez Galan C, Clapez Roldan C. Risk perception in nursing students. Enfermeria Global, 2013;12(29):352-362. https://doi.org/10.6018/eglobal.12.1.140952
• Referans12 Aksoy B, Pasli Gurdogan E. Occupational risk perception: A scale development study. Journal of Nursing Education and Practice, 2019;9(4):98-105. https://doi.org/10.5430/jnep.v9n4p98
• Referans13 Keçeci Ş. Case study analysis: Risk perception and unsafe behaviors in occupational health and safety. International Journal on Lifelong Education and Leadership, 2019;5(1):1-4. Avaible from: https://dergipark.org.tr/tr/pub/ijlel/issue/43516/480180
• Referans14 Council of Higher Education: Higher Education System in Turkey-2019. [Internet] Avaible from: https://www.yok.gov.tr/Documents/Yayinlar/Yayinlarimiz/2019/Higher_Education_in_Turkey_2019_en.pdf
• Referans15 Yesilgul G, Sutcu Cicek H, Avci Z, Huseyniklioglu B. Nurses’ knowledge levels and perceptions regarding occupational risks and hazards. International Journal of Caring Sciences, 2018;11(2):1117-1123. Avaible from: http://www.internationaljournalofcaringsciences.org/docs/54_hatice_original_10_2.pdf
• Referans16 Pavani K, Srinivas Rao MS, Vinaraya EV, Dass M. A study on awareness, occupational risk perception and level of vaccination against hepatitis-B among medical and nursing students in tertiary care hospital, Hyderabad. International Journal of Research Medical Sciences, 2015;3(3):583-587. https://doi.org/10.5455/2320-6012.ijrms20150310
• Referans17 Baniyousef AM, Mehlab EM, Al-Sobhi H, Hussain K. Attitudes, knowledge, and sources of information among nursing staff toward standard precautions and infection control at King Abdulaziz Tertiary Hospital-Makkah. International Journal of Research in Applied, Natural and Social Sciences, 2015;3(3):45-60. https://www.impactjournals.us/archives/international-journals/international-journal-of-research-in-applied-natural-and-social-sciences?jname=14_2 &year=2015&submit=Search&page=2
• Referans18 Faris SH, Mansoor H, Alzeyad S, et al. Knowledge, attitude and practice of occupational hazard among nursing staff at teaching hospitals in Kerbala City, South-Central Iraq. Indian Journal of Public Health Research & Development, 2018;9(8):1147-1152. http://doi.org/10.5958/0976-5506.2018.00956.7
• Referans19 Suliman M, Al Qadire M, Alazzam M, et al. Students nurses' knowledge and prevalence of needle stick ınjury in Jordan. Nurse Education Today, 2018;60,23-27.
• Referans20 Porras-Povedano M, Santacruz-Hamer V, Oliva-Reina I. Percepción de riesgos laborales en profesionales de Enfermería de un centro sanitario [Occupational risks perception in professional nursing practitioners at health care center]. Enfermeria Clinica, 2014;24(3):191-195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enfcli.2013.11.002
• Referans21 Nabil Attia NM, Sorour Ahmed AS, Ahmed FM. Occupational health hazards among faculty of nursing students in Zagazig University. Zagazig Nursing Journal, 2018;14(1):133-145. Avaible from: https://znj.journals.ekb.eg/article_37767_88a8fa4af95eb64137d5a9ecb215d76d.pd