Effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of pregnant women

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 5, 652 - 660, 17.09.2021

Esma Akpınar Aslan , Oğuzhan Kılınçel

https://doi.org/10.16899/jcm.923295

Öz

Objective: The negative consequences of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on the mental health of pregnant women and the mental disorders it may trigger pose risks for the physical, cognitive and psychological development of infants as well as having risks in terms of the general health and functionality of the mother. This study aimed to investigate the effects of COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of pregnant women and to evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms.
Materials and Methods: The study included a total of 112 pregnant women who agreed to fill an online survey which was provided to them via e-mail. Online survey consisted of sociodemographic data form, questions related to COVID-19, Depression Anxiety Stress Scale-Short Form (DASS-21), and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Checklist for Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-Fifth Edition (DSM-5) (PCL-5).
Results: The mean age of the participants was 31.06 years. The DASS-21 subscale score for depression was 4.20 (± 3.91) whereas it was 3.75 (± 3.50) for the anxiety subscale and 5.68 (± 3.81) for the stress subscale. Total PCL-5 score was 31.29 (± 16.85). Those diagnosed with COVID-19 during the pandemic were observed to show a higher rate of anxiety symptoms. Those who believed that they needed professional support for mental health during the pandemic showed higher rates of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms. The prevalence of PTSD symptoms were found to be higher among participants who were not health care professionals and who thought they needed professional support for mental health during the pandemic.
Conclusion: Determining the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on the mental health of pregnant women will be important to put early intervention methods in action and implement evidence-based practices.

Anahtar Kelimeler

pregnant, COVID-19, mental health

COVID-19 Pandemisinin Gebe Ruh Sağlığı Üzerine Etkileri

Öz

Amaç:COVID-19 pandemisinin gebe ruh sağlığı üzerinde yaratabileceği olumsuz sonuçlar ve tetikleyebileceği ruhsal bozukluklar, annenin genel sağlığı ve işlevselliği açısından riskler barındırmasının yanında bebeklerin fiziksel, bilişsel ve psikolojik gelişimleri açısından da risk oluşturmaktadır. Bu çalışmada COVID-19 pandemisinin gebe ruh sağlığı üzerine etkilerini araştırmak ve psikiyatrik semptomların yaygınlığını değerlendirmek amaçlanmıştır.
Yöntem: Çalışmaya kendilerine e-mail yolu ile iletilen online anketi doldurmayı kabul eden 112 gebe dahil edildi. Online anket; sosyodemografik form, COVID-19 ile ilgili sorular, Depresyon Anksiyete Stres Ölçeği-Kısa Form (DASS-21) ve DSM-5 için Travma Sonrası Stres Bozukluğu Kontrol Listesi ‘den (PCL-5) oluşmaktaydı.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların yaş ortalaması 31.06 idi. DASS-21 depresyon alt ölçek puanı 4.20 (±3.91), anksiyete alt ölçek puanı 3.75 (±3.50), ve stres alt ölçek puanı 5.68 (±3.81), PCL-5 toplam puanı ise 31.29 (±16.85) olarak saptandı. Pandemi sırasında COVID-19 tanısı alanların daha yüksek oranda anksiyete semptomları sergiledikleri; pandemi sürecinde ruh sağlığı açısından profesyonel bir destek alma ihtiyacı olduğunu düşünenlerin ise daha yüksek oranda depresyon, anksiyete ve stres semptomları sergiledikleri saptandı. Sağlık çalışanı olmayanların ve pandemi sürecinde ruh sağlığı açısından profesyonel bir destek alma ihtiyacı olduğunu düşünenlerin daha yüksek oranda TSSB semptomları sergilediği görüldü.
Sonuç: COVID-19 pandemisinin gebe ruh sağlığı üzerine etkilerini saptamak, erken müdahale yöntemlerini harekete geçirebilmek ve kanıta dayalı uygulamalar gerçekleştirebilmek adına önemli olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

gebe, COVID-19, ruh sağlığı

Kaynakça

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