Şehirlerde Yaşanabilirlik Modelinin Sürdürülebilirlik, Dayanıklılık ve Akıllı Şehir Boyutları İncelenerek İyileştirilmesi

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 36 Sayı: 3, 178 - 199, 26.09.2024

Mehmet Akif Yüksel , Hüseyin Selçuk Kılıç , Bahadır Tunaboylu

https://doi.org/10.7240/jeps.1358879

Öz

Şehirlerin yaşanabilirlik modelleri, şehirlerde farkındalığın arttırılması, yönetim stratejilerinin belirlenmesi, insan hayatını etkileyen kriterlerin belirlenip çözüm geliştirilmesi gibi birçok konuda önemli rol oynamaktadır. Ancak mevcut yaşanabilirlik modelleri yaşanabilirliğin ölçümünde yetersiz kalmaktadır. Makalemizde bu amaçla halihazırda kullanılan “EIU The Global Liveability Index” modeli 3 açıdan incelenerek zenginleştirilmiş ve daha kapsamlı bir endeks haline getirilmiştir. Sürdürülebilirlik, dayanıklılık ve akıllı şehir endeksi çalışmaları yaşanabilirlik ile iç içe olduğundan bu alanlardaki çalışmalardan ve yaşanabilirliğe etkilerinden faydalanılmıştır. Zenginleştirilen bu model kapsamında 5 kategori altında yer alan eşit ağırlıklı göstergelerin yanı sıra yaşanabilirliğin ölçülmesinde elzem olan ve sonradan eklediğimiz göstergeler de yer almaktadır. Bu göstergelerin yaşanabilirliğe etkisi açısından önem ağırlıklandırması yapılmıştır. Bu ağırlıklandırma çalışması yaygın olarak kullanılan sistematik ve tutarlı bir yöntem olan Analitik Hiyerarşi Süreci (AHP) ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Zenginleştirilmiş endeks modeli kullanılarak 6 ilin verileri toplanmış ve karşılaştırma çalışması yapılmıştır. Melbourne bu şehirler arasında en yaşanabilir şehir olarak gözlenmiştir. Güncellenen yaşanabilirlik endeksinin, şehir sakinlerinin yaşam kalitesini etkileyebilecek çok çeşitli faktörleri göz önünde bulundurarak şehirlerin yaşanabilirliğine ilişkin daha kapsamlı ve güvenilir bir ölçüm sağlaması beklenmektedir. Yeni endeksin politika yapıcılar, şehir planlamacıları ve araştırmacılar için şehirlerin yaşanabilirliğini değerlendirme ve iyileştirme alanlarını belirleme konusunda faydalı olması amaçlanmıştır. Sonuç olarak güncellenen yaşanabilirlik endeksinin amacı, şehir sakinlerinin günlük yaşamlarını etkileyebilecek çok çeşitli faktörleri göz önünde bulundurarak şehirlerdeki yaşam kalitesinin ölçümünün daha güvenilir bir şekilde yapılmasını sağlamaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yaşanabilir Şehir Endeksi, Sürdürülebilirlik, Dayanıklılık, Akıllı Şehir, Şehir Sıralaması, Yaşanabilirlik Endeksi

Enhancement of City Liveability Model by Examining Sustainability, Resiliency and Smart City Dimensions

Öz

Liveability models of cities play an important role in many issues such as raising awareness in cities, determining management strategies, and determining and solving criteria that affect human life. However, current liveability models are inadequate in measuring liveability. For this purpose, the currently used EIU The Global Liveability Index model was evaluated and enriched by examining it from 3 aspects and turning it into a more comprehensive index in this article. Since sustainability, resilience and smart city index studies are intertwined with liveability, studies in these areas and their effects on liveability have been utilized. In addition to the equally weighted indicators under the 5 categories within the scope of this enriched model, missing indicators were added. Importance weighting has been done in terms of the impact of these indicators on liveability. This weighting study was carried out with the widely used Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) which is a systematic and consistent method. With the enriched index model, data of 6 cities were collected and a comparison study was carried out and applied. Melbourne has become the most liveable city among these cities. The revised liveability index is expected to provide a more comprehensive and reliable measure of the liveability of cities, considering a wide range of factors that can affect the life quality of residents. The enhanced index is expected to be useful for policymakers, urban planners, and researchers in assessing the liveability of cities and identifying areas for improvement. Ultimately, the goal of a liveability index is to provide a more reliable measure of the quality of life in cities, considering a wide range of factors that can affect residents' daily lives.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Liveable City Index, Sustainability, Resiliency, Smart City, City Rankings, Liveability Index

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