Doğrusal olmayan manyetik levitasyon sisteminin kontrolünde PID ve kendini ayarlayan bulanık PID kontrol yöntemlerinin uygulaması

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 2, 514 - 529, 31.07.2024

Yusuf Karabacak

https://doi.org/10.61112/jiens.1420710

Öz

Manyetik Levitasyon Sisteminin (MLS) düşük enerji tüketimi ve az sürtünmesi nedeniyle, kararsız ve doğrusal olmayan sistemler için hayati önem taşıyan iki faktörden dolayı MLS araştırmaları artık mühendislik alanında yürütülmektedir. Bu makale, MLS'nin yapısının karmaşıklığı ve kontrol edilebilirlik zorluklarıyla başa çıkmak için ileri kontrol teorileri uygulanarak kullanılan kontrol teorilerinin performansının karşılaştırılmasını tartışmaktadır. Karşılaştırılan kontrol yöntemleri Oransal-İntegral-Türev (PID) ve Kendini Ayarlayan Bulanık PID (STFPID) yöntemleridir. Bu yöntemler MATLAB ortamında geliştirilmiştir. MATLAB ortamında oluşturulan MLS modeli önerilen kontrol yöntemlerine tabi tutularak sonuçlar karşılaştırılmıştır. Sonuçlar, MLS konum kontrolünün PID ve STFPID tekniklerinden yararlanabileceğini açıkça göstermektedir. Geliştirilen kontrol yaklaşımlarının performanslarını karşılaştırmak için dört kriter kullanıldı. Kriterler bunlar; yükselme süresi, yerleşme süresi, maksimum aşma yüzdesi ve aşma değeri. STFPID kontrol yönteminin PID kontrol yöntemine göre daha kararlı bir şekilde MLS kontrolünü sağladığı sonuçlarda açıkça görülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Manyetik levitasyon sistemi, PID kontrol, Kendini ayarlayan bulanık PID kontrol

Application of PID and self-tuning fuzzy PID control methods in the control of non-linear magnetic levitation system

Öz

Because of the Magnetic Levitation System's (MLS) low energy consumption and little friction two factors that are deemed crucial for unstable and nonlinear systems MLS research is now being conducted in the engineering area. This article discusses the comparison of the performance of control theories used by applying advanced control theories to cope with the complexity of the structure and controllability difficulties of MLS. The control methods compared are Proportional–Integral–Derivative (PID) and Self-Tuning Fuzzy PID (STFPID) methods. These methods were developed in the MATLAB environment. The MLS model created in the MATLAB environment was subjected to the suggested control methods, and the outcomes were compared. The outcomes unequivocally demonstrate that MLS location control may make use of PID and STFPID techniques. Four criteria were used to compare the developed control approaches performances. These are the criteria; rise time, settling time, percent maximum overshoot and overshoot value. It is clearly seen in the results that the STFPID control method provides control of the MLS with greater stability than the PID control method.

Anahtar Kelimeler

magenetic levitaion system, PID control, self-tuning fuzzy PID control

Kaynakça

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