Savaş ve Barış, Sosyal Çatışma Sosyolojisi: Rusya-Ukrayna Örneği

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 1, 32 - 49, 30.06.2024

Arif Akbaş

https://doi.org/10.62425/jirs.1452743

Öz

Bu makalede savaş, barış ve “sosyal çatışma sosyolojisi” perspektifinden Rusya-Ukrayna ilişkileri ele alınmaktadır. Araştırmanın odak noktası, bu iki ülke arasındaki çatışmanın sosyolojik boyutudur. Yöntem olarak, literatür taraması ve çeşitli sosyolojik analizler kullanılmıştır. Bulgular, Rusya-Ukrayna ilişkilerinin karmaşıklığını, ulusal kimlik, etnik farklılıklar, siyasi güç mücadeleleri ve jeopolitik faktörlerin etkisi altında yaşanan sosyal çatışmaları ortaya koymaktadır. Bu çatışmaların hem yerel hem de uluslararası boyutta derin etkileri olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Sonuçlar, barışın sağlanması ve sürdürülmesi için sosyolojik bir bakış açısının önemini vurgulamaktadır. Ayrıca, Rusya ve Ukrayna arasındaki ilişkilerde sosyal çatışmanın azaltılması ve uzlaşma yollarının bulunması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır. Bu makale, sosyal bilimlerin uluslararası ilişkilerde ve barış süreçlerindeki önemine dikkat çekmektedir. Makalede Rusya-Ukrayna savaşını ele alan nicel anket sonuçları da dikkate alınarak bir değerlendirme yapılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Barış, savaş ve sosyal çatışma sosyolojisi, Sürü psikolojisi, Askeri sosyoloji, Başarısız devlet, Güç siyaseti, Barış ve çatışma çalışmaları, Dostluk düşmenlık kompleksi

Etik Beyan

Bu makale için etik beyan gerekmemektedir.

Destekleyen Kurum

-

Proje Numarası

-

Teşekkür

-

War and Peace, Sociology of Social Conflict: The Case of Russia-Ukraine

Öz

This article discusses Russia-Ukraine relations from the perspective of war, peace and the “sociology of social conflict.” The focus of the research is the sociological dimension of the conflict between these two countries. Literature review and various sociological analyses were utilized as methods. The findings reveal the complexity of Russia-Ukraine relations, with social conflicts influenced by national identity, ethnic differences, political power struggles, and geopolitical factors. It has been determined that these conflicts have profound effects both locally and internationally. The results highlight the importance of a sociological perspective for achieving and sustaining peace. Additionally, it was concluded that social conflict should be reduced and ways of reconciliation should be found in the relations between Russia and Ukraine. This article draws attention to the significance of social sciences in international relations and peace processes. In the article, a quantitative evaluation has been conducted taking into account survey results addressing the Russia-Ukraine war.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Peace-war and sociology of conflict, Group psychology, Military sociology, Failed state, Power politics, Peace and conflict studies, Friend-enemy compex

Proje Numarası

-

Kaynakça

• Arutiunian, I. V., & Bromlei, I. V. (1988). A Sociocultural Profile of Soviet Nationalities (cont.) Ethnosociology Research Results (Excerpts). Soviet anthropology and archeology, 27(3), 7-71.
• Astrov, V., Grieveson, R., Kochnev, A., Landesmann, M., & Pindyuk, O. (2022). Possible Russian invasion of Ukraine, scenarios for sanctions, and likely economic impact on Russia, Ukraine and the EU (No. 55). Policy Notes and Reports. 1-29.
• Avetisova, A. (2015). The Ukraine crisis: A geopolitical power struggle between Russia and the US. Diva.
• Barnett, M., & Duvall, R. (2005). Power in international politics. International organization, 59(1), 39-75.
• Belo, D., & Rodríguez, F. (2023). The conflict in Ukraine and its global implications. Canadian Foreign Policy Journal, 29(3), 235-248.
• Bremmer, I. (1994). The politics of ethnicity: Russians in the new Ukraine. Europe-Asia Studies, 46(2), 261-283.
• Ece, N. J. (2022). Rusya-Ukrayna Savaşı’nın Dış Ticaret ve Küresel Güvenliğe Etkisi: Montrö Boğazlar Sözleşmesinin Savaşın Genişlemesinin Önlenmesine Katkısı. Kent Akademisi, 15(3), 1391-1412.
• Elinder, M., Erixson, O., & Hammar, O. (2023). Where would Ukrainian refugees go if they could go anywhere?. International Migration Review, 57(2), 587-602. https://doi.org/10.1177/01979183221131559
• Fischer, S. (2022). Peace talks between Russia and Ukraine: Mission impossible (No. 65/2022). SWP Comment, 1-7.
• Hafeznia, M. R. (2022). Scenarios for the Future of the World in Light of the Ukraine Crisis. Geopolitics Quarterly, 18(68). 1-11
• Henrikson, A. K. (2022). The Trauma of Territorial Break-up: The Russia-Ukraine Conflict and Its International Management-Geopolitical Strategy and Diplomatic Therapy. Geopolítica(s), 13(1), 11-36. https://doi.org/10.5209/geop.81880
• Hoffmann, T. (2022). War or peace?–International legal issues concerning the use of force in the Russia-Ukraine conflict. Hungarian Journal of Legal Studies, 63(3), 206-235. https://doi.org/10.1556/2052.2022.00419
• Ipsos. (2023). “One year in, global public opinion about the war in Ukraine has remained remarkably stable”. Erişim adresi: https://www.ipsos.com/en/war-in-ukraine-january-2023. Erişim tarihi: (12.02.2024).
• Jeong, H. W. (2017). Peace and conflict studies: An introduction. Taylor & Francis.
• Khorram-Manesh, A., Goniewicz, K., & Burkle, F. M. (2023). Social and healthcare impacts of the russian-led hybrid war in Ukraine–a conflict with unique global consequences. Disaster medicine and public health preparedness, 17, e432. doi:10.1017/dmp.2023.91.
• Kitsoft. (2022). “Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine - Statement by the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Ukraine Regarding the Severance of Diplomatic Relations with the Russian Federation”. Erişim adresi: mfa.gov.ua. Erişim tarihi: (22.02.2024).
• Kulagin, V. V. (2018). Rossiysko-ukrainskiye otnosheniya v kontse ХХ-ХХI vv (Doctoral dissertation).
• Lang, K. (1965). Military sociology. Current Sociology, 13(1), 1-26.
• Lemay-Hébert, N. (2014). The political sociology of state-building: looking beyond Weber. In Conflict, Peace, Security and Development (pp. 52-65). Routledge.
• Lewin, K. (1943). Psychology and the process of group living. The Journal of Social Psychology, 17(1), 113-131.
• Malesevic, Sinisa. (2010). The Sociology of War and Violence. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
• Mayboroda, D. M. (2019). Krym v noveyshey istorii rossiysko-ukrainskikh otnosheniy. Avtoref. Kand. Diss.
• Mehring, R. (2017). Carl Schmitt’s friend-enemy distinction today. Filozofija i društvo, 28(2), 304-317.
• Norman, E. R. (2012). International boggarts: Carl Schmitt, Harry Potter, and the transfiguration of identity and violence. Politics & Policy, 40(3), 403-423.
• Onuch, O., & Hale, H. E. (2018). Capturing ethnicity: the case of Ukraine. Post-Soviet Affairs, 34(2-3), 84-106.
• Orhan, E. (2022). The effects of the Russia-Ukraine war on global trade. Journal of International Trade, Logistics and Law, 8(1), 141-146.
• Perbawa, I Ketut Sukawati Lanang Putra. (2022). The Role of United Nations on War Conflict Between Russia and Ukraine. International Journal of Social Science and Business, 6(4), 496-501.
• Polityuk, Pavel and Zinets, Natalia. (2020). Ukraine sticks to positions on Russia but leaves room for “compromises”. Reuters. Erişim adresi: https://www.reuters.com/article/us-ukraine-president-aide/ukraine-sticks-to-positions-on-russia-but-leaves-room-for-compromises-idUSKBN20613Q/. Erişim tarihi: (20.02.2024).
• Razumova, M. V., & Rybka, S. B. (2016). Analız Romana L. N. Tolstogo «Voyna i Mir» V Perevode Konstans Garnett. In Inostrannyye yazyki v XXI veke: Aktual’nyye voprosy lingvistiki, teorii perevoda i metodiki prepodavaniya inostrannykh yazykov (pp. 68-72).
• Shyrokykh, Karina. (June 2018). “The Evolution of the Foreign Policy of Ukraine: External Actors and Domestic Factors”. Stockholm University J.. 70(5). 832-850.
• Siebold, G. L. (2001). Core issues and theory in military sociology. Journal of Political & Military Sociology, 140-159.
• Steshenko, Anna ve Albul, Sergiy. (2023). V Ukrayini zaboronyly heohrafichni nazvy, pov’yazani z Rosiyeyu. Erişim adresi: https://lb.ua/news/2023/03/21/549538_ukraini_zaboronili_geografichni.html. Erişim tarihi: (18.02.2024).
• Stolle, D. (2023). Aiding Ukraine in the Russian war: unity or new dividing line among Europeans?. European Political Science, 1-16.
• Stukalo, N., & Simakhova, A. (2018). Social and economic effects of the war conflict in Ukraine for Europe. Geopolitics under Globalization, 2(1), 11-18.
• Szeptycki, A. (2008). Trade Relations between the Russian Federation and Ukraine. Materiały Studialne PISM research papers, (8), 27-48.
• The Times of India. (2022). “Split opinion in India on whether Russia or Western countries to blame for Ukraine conflict: Survey”. Erişim adresi: https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/. Erişim tarihi: (15.02.2024).
• Tsygankov, A. P. (2023). Between war and peace: Russian visions of future relations with Ukraine and the West. Russian Politics, 8(2), 230-246.
• United Nations High Commissioner for Refugees. (2022). “Situation Ukraine Refugee Situation”. Erşim adresi: https://data.unhcr.org/en/situations/ukraine. Erişim tarihi: (23.02.2024).
• Viki, G. T., Osgood, D., & Phillips, S. (2013). Dehumanization and self-reported proclivity to torture prisoners of war. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 49(3), 325-328.
• Walter, L., Mayer, S. J., Dollmann, J., Jacobsen, J., & Meth, A. (2022). High levels of support for European Union accession in Ukraine during the war in 2022. An analysis based on the ReUP study.
• Webel, C., & Galtung, J. (Eds.). (2007). Handbook of peace and conflict studies (Vol. 7). London: Routledge.
• Wight, M. (2002). Power politics. A&C Black.