Türkiye Metal Sektöründe Yaşanan İş Kazalarının Rassal Orman Algoritmasıyla Tahminlenmesi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 13 Sayı: 3, 1983 - 1997, 01.09.2023

Ekin Karakaya Özkan , Hasan Basri Ulaş

https://doi.org/10.21597/jist.1285239

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, Çalışma ve Sosyal Güvenlik Bakanlığı (ÇSGB) tarafından kayıt altına alınan, 2013-2018 yılları arasında metal sektöründe gerçekleşen, ölümlü ve uzuv kayıplı ulusal iş kazası verilerini kullanarak makine öğrenimi (ML) yöntemiyle bir tahmin algoritması geliştirmektir. İş kazası nedenlerinin detaylı bir şekilde sınıflandırılması ve tahmin edilmesi kazaları azaltmak için gereklidir. Literatürde; iş kazalarını azaltma amacıyla kaza ile ilgili faktörleri araştırmak ve etkili tahmin modelleri oluşturmak için çeşitli ML algoritmaları kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, iş kazası nedenlerini ve sonuçlarını tahmin etmek amacıyla ML yöntemlerinden birisi olan Rassal Orman (RF) algoritması kullanılmıştır. Modelin doğrulaması için 10 katlı çapraz doğrulama modeli kullanılmış ve modelin doğruluk değeri %4.7 oranında arttırılmıştır. RF algoritmasının doğruluk değeri 0.9172 olarak bulunmuştur. Metal sektöründe iş kazası nedenlerini etkileyen önemli faktörlerin analizinde özyinelemeli olarak özellik seçme (Recursive Feature Elimination - RFE) metodu kullanılmış ve en önemli özellikler kazanın ikincil tehlike kaynağı, iş günü kaybı ve kaza sebebi sapma kodu olarak bulunmuştur

Anahtar Kelimeler

İş sağlığı ve güvenliği, Metal sektörü, Makine öğrenimi, Rassal orman, K-katlı çapraz doğrulama

Estimation of Occupational Accidents in the Turkish Metal Industry with Random Forest Algorithm

Öz

The aim of this study is to develop a predictive model using machine learning (ML) to identify the causes of fatalities and amputations in the metal sector based on occupational accident data collected by the Turkish Ministry of Labor and Social Security (MLSS) from 2013 to 2018. It is necessary to classify and predict occupational accident reasons in detail to prevent occupational accident. Researchers have used ML algorithm to investigate correlated factors and create effective prediction models in an effort to lower occupational accidents. In this study, we used random forest (RF) which is one of the ML algorithm to predict occupational accident reasons and consequences. 10- fold cross validation model is used for model validation and it increased %4.7 of accuracy of algorithm. Accuracy of RF is found as 0.9172. We extracted important factors that affect the occupational accident reasons at metal sector using Recursive Feature Elimination (RFE) and it is found that most important factors are secondary reason of the accident, days lost and deviation.

Anahtar Kelimeler

random forest, Occupational health and safety, Metal sector, Machine learning, k-fold cross valdation

Kaynakça

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