Cerrahi Birimlerde Çalışan Hemşirelerin Venöz Tromboembolizm İle İlgili Hasta Eğitimi Verme Durumu

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 28 Sayı: 1, 56 - 63, 07.03.2025

Nilgün Özbaş

https://doi.org/10.17049/jnursology.1507222

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışma cerrahi birimlerde çalışan hemşirelerin venöz tromboembolizm (VTE) ile ilgili eğitim verme durumlarını incelemek amacı ile planlandı.

Yöntemler: Bu tanımlayıcı kesitsel çalışma Mayıs 2024- Haziran 2024 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirildi. Çalışmanın katılımcıları Türkiye’ deki bir şehir hastanesinin cerrahi birimlerinde çalışan 126 hemşireden oluşmaktaydı. Veriler araştırmacı tarafından geliştirilen “Hasta Eğitimi Uygulama Formu’’ kullanılarak toplandı. Verilerin analizinde tanımlayıcı istatistikler (sayı, yüzde, ortalama, standart sapma, medyan değerler) kullanıldı.

Bulgular: Hemşirelerin eğitim verme durumları incelendiğinde; %19,8’i mobilizasyon, ayak bileği egzersizleri ve otururken doğru bacak pozisyonu; %19,1’i VTE belirti bulguları; %19,0’ı yaşam tarzı değişiklikleri; %18,3’ü antikoagülanlar, %18,2’si farmakolojik profilakside laboratuvar testleri; %17,5’i acile başvurulması gereken durumlar ve hasta güvenliği; %16,7’si hidrasyon, %15,9’u bacakların yükseltilmesi ve kompresyon çorabı kullanımı ile ilgili her zaman hasta eğitimi verdiklerini belirtmişlerdir. Hemşirelerin hastalara eğitim verme konusunda yaşadıkları sorunlar arasında zor çalışma koşulları ve hemşire sayısının yetersizliği (%86,5), VTE ile ilgili bilgi eksiklikleri (%54,8), klinikte VTE ve hasta öğretimleri ile ilgili kılavuzların bulunmaması (%53,2), hasta eğitimlerini hekimin görevi olarak düşünme (%48,4), sunum ve öğretim becerilerinin yetersiz olması (%47,6), kurumda hasta eğitim faaliyetlerine öncelik verilmemesi, öğretim materyali eksikliği (%45,2) ve hastaların sağlık okuryazarlığının düşük olması (%32,5) vardı.

Sonuç: Hemşirelerin VTE ile ilgili hastalara eğitim vermeleri konusunda bilgi ve farkındalıklarının eğitimlerle artırılması ve cerrahi hemşireleri tarafından hasta eğitimi konusunda algılanan engellerin ortadan kaldırılması, etkili hasta öğretimi sağlanabilmesi için önemlidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Venöz tromboembolizm, hasta eğitimi, cerrahi hemşireliği

Proje Numarası

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The Status of Nurses Working in Surgical Units in Delivering Patient Education on Venous Thromboembolism

Öz

Objective: This study was planned to examine the status of education delivered by nurses working in surgical units regarding venous thromboembolism (VTE).

Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted between May 2024 and June 2024. The study participants consisted of 126 nurses working in the surgical units of a city hospital in Türkiye. Data were collected using the "Patient Education Practice Form" developed by the researcher. Descriptive statistics (number, percentage, mean, standard deviation, median values) were used for data analysis.

Results: When examining the nurses' education practices, 19.8% stated that they always delivered patient education on mobilization, ankle exercises, and correct leg positioning while sitting; 19.1% on signs and symptoms of VTE; 19.0% on lifestyle changes; 18.3% on anticoagulants; 18.2% on laboratory tests in pharmacological prophylaxis; 17.5% on situations requiring emergency admission and patient safety; 16.7% on hydration; and 15.9% on elevating the legs and using compression stockings. The issues nurses faced in delivering patient education included difficult working conditions and insufficient nursing staff (86.5%), lack of knowledge about VTE (54.8%), absence of guidelines on VTE and patient education in the clinic (53.2%), considering patient education as the physician's responsibility (48.4%), insufficient presentation and teaching skills (47.6%), lack of prioritization of patient education activities in the institution, lack of teaching materials (45.2%), and low health literacy of patients (32.5%).

Conclusion: Increasing nurses' knowledge and awareness through education on delivering patient education regarding VTE and addressing the perceived barriers to patient education by surgical nurses are essential for ensuring effective patient instruction.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Venous thromboembolism, patient education, surgical nursing

Proje Numarası

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Kaynakça

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