The relationship between Banking Sector Development and CO2 emission in the Sustainable Development Process of Turkey

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 9 Sayı: Special Issue, 66 - 77

Murat Tekbaş

Öz

Banking sector development has an important place in the functioning of the monetary transmission mechanism. The policies implemented by policy makers to determine the money supply affect all stakeholders of the economy. This study examines the impact of banking sector development on environmental pollution. In the study, the impact of banking sector development, economic growth and foreign direct investments on CO2 emissions is investigated in the model created for Turkey in the period between 1990 and 2020. Time series analysis methods were used in the study, and the findings obtained by FMOLS and CCR methods reveal that banking sector development and economic growth have a negative and reducing effect on CO2 emissions. In the applied Granger causality results, it is seen that there is a one-way causality relationship from banking sector development and economic growth to CO2 emissions. The results obtained in the study reveal the importance of supporting environmental projects such as energy efficiency, recycling and low carbon emission technologies in increasing the credit volume of the banking sector.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Banking sector development, CO2 Emissions, Economic Growth, Foreign Direct Investment

Türkiye’nin Sürdürülebilir Kalkınma Sürecinde Bankacılık Sektör Gelişimi ile CO2 emisyonu ilişkisi

Öz

Bankacılık sektör gelişimi, parasal aktarım mekanizmasının işleyişinde önemli bir yere sahiptir. Politika yapıcılar tarafından para arzının belirlenmesi için uygulanan politikalar, ekonominin tüm paydaşlarını etkilemektedir. Bu çalışmada bankacılık sektör gelişiminin çevre kirliliği üzerindeki etkisi incelenmektedir. Çalışmada 1990-2020 yılları arasındaki dönemde Türkiye için oluşturulan modelde bankacılık sektör gelişimi, ekonomik büyüme ve doğrudan yabancı yatırımların CO2 emisyonu üzerindeki etkisi araştırılmaktadır. Çalışmada zaman serisi analiz yöntemlerinden yararlanılmış olup, FMOLS ve CCR yöntemleriyle elde edilmiş bulgular bankacılık sektör gelişiminin ve ekonomik büyümenin CO2 emisyonu üzerinde negatif ve azaltıcı bir etkiye sahip olduğunu ortaya koymaktadır. Uygulanan Granger nedensellik sonuçlarında ise bankacılık sektör gelişimi ve ekonomik büyümeden CO2 emisyonuna tek yönlü nedensellik ilişkisi olduğu görülmektedir. Çalışmada ulaşılan sonuçlar bankacılık sektörünün kredi hacmi artışında enerji verimliliği, geri dönüşüm, düşük karbon salınımı sağlayan teknolojiler gibi çevresel projelerin desteklemesinin önemini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bankacılık Sektör Gelişimi, CO2 Emisyonu, Ekonomik Büyüme, Doğrudan Yabancı Yatırım

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