AB ÜLKELERİNDE GÖÇMEN KARŞITLIĞI VE AŞIRILIKÇI SAĞ: YUNANİSTAN VE ALMANYA ÖRNEĞİ

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 15 - 48, 30.12.2022

Suzan Ezgi Kösalı , Fuat Aksu

https://doi.org/10.24013/jomelips.1197689

Öz

Avrupa’da son yıllarda güçlendiği ifade edilen aşırılıkçı sağ hareketlerin köklü bir geçmişe sahip olduğu bilinmektedir. Bugünün koşullarında ise gerek Avrupa Birliği kurumlarında gerekse üye devletlerin günlük siyasetlerinde yaşanan politik tıkanmışlığın yabancı karşıtı ve aşırılıkçı sağcı hareketlerin söylemlerine süreklilik kazandırdığı gözlemlenmektedir. AB ülkelerindeki aşırılıkçı sağcı hareketlerin birbirinden farklı özellikler taşıdığı görülse de göçmen karşıtlığı ve yabancı düşmanlığında birleşen ortak bir söylem birlikteliğiyle hareket ettikleri anlaşılmaktadır. Söylem düzeyinde gözlemlenen aşırılıkçı tutumun şiddet eylemlerine dönüşüp dönüşmediğinin incelenmesi ihtiyacından hareketle 1990 yılından itibaren Avrupa ülkelerinde aşırılıkçı sağcı şiddet ve terör eylemlerinin istatistiklerinin yer aldığı RTV (Right-Wing Terrorism and Violence) veri seti analiz edilecektir. RTV verileri üzerinden yapılacak bu inceleme ile aşırılıkçı sağcı şiddetin zaman içerisindeki dönüşümünü, aşırılıkçı sağ şiddet eylemlerinin artış gösterdiği yönündeki genel algıyı ve seçilen AB ülkelerinde eylemlerini sürdüren aşırılıkçı sağcı grupların arasındaki farklılıkları anlamak mümkün olacaktır. Çalışmada, son yıllarda aşırılıkçı sağ şiddet eylemlerinin en fazla gerçekleştiği Yunanistan’da Altın Şafak Partisinin ve Almanya’da İmparatorluk Vatandaşı Hareketinin eylemleri üzerine değerlendirmelerde bulunulacak ve doğrudan kitlesel göç hareketliliğiyle ilişkilendirilen bu eylemlerin arka planında yer alan temel sebepler ele alınacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Avrupa Birliği, Aşırılıkçı Sağ Hareketler, Altın Şafak, İmparatorluk Vatandaşı Hareketi

Kaynakça

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