Analyzing The Effects of Livestock Policies on Farm-level Efficiency in Turkey; Thrace Region Case

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 3, 515 - 528, 13.09.2022

Gökçe Koç , Ayşe Uzmay

https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.978947

Cited By: 4

Öz

The effect of agricultural subsidies on the efficiency of farms is one of the main issues discussed today. Dairy farming benefits from various types of subsidies and take a lion share from the agricultural support budget. In this context, this study has four important aims. Firstly, to analyze the technical efficiency of dairy farms, secondly, to investigate the effects of policy tools on efficiency, thirdly to determine factors affecting efficiencies and finally to bring proposals. This study was carried out in Thrace Region of Turkey and interviewed with 140 dairy farmers. The three-stage method was applied in this study. The technical efficiency and policies effects on efficiency were determined by using Data Envelopment Analysis. Tobit Analysis was used to investigate the relationship between efficiency and farmer or farms-oriented characteristics. The results of Data Envelopment Analysis show that average efficiency scores are 0.700 under constant return to scale, 0.795 under variable return to scale and 0.886 for scale efficiency. The technical efficiency increases by 1.13%-2.43% thanks to subsidies and the scale efficiency is 1.35% higher. It is noteworthy that subsidies affect efficiency positively but provide a small improvement, also the effects vary across the farm-scale groups. According to Tobit Analysis, the education level of farmers, the share of livestock in total income, family size and whether tend to give up farming are significantly affecting efficiency. It is recommended for governments should provide subsidies to increase the scale of small farms that work with increasing return to scale and to improve the technology of larger farms that work with decreasing return to scale.

Anahtar Kelimeler

livestock subsidies, agricultural policy, technical efficiency, data envelopment analysis, Tobit model

Destekleyen Kurum

Ege University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit

Proje Numarası

2016-ZRF-054

Analyzing The Effects of Livestock Policies on Farm-level Efficiency in Turkey; Thrace Region Case

Öz

Tarımsal desteklerin işletmelerin etkinlikleri üzerindeki etkileri son dönemlerde tartışılan önemli konulardan biridir. Süt sığırcılığı, hem birçok farklı destekleme çeşidinden yararlanmakta, hem de tarımsal destekleme bütçesinden önemli bir pay almaktadır. Bu kapsamda, araştırmanın dört temel amacı bulunmaktadır; bunlardan ilki süt sığırcılığı işletmelerinde teknik etkinliğin belirlenmesi, ikincisi; destekleme politika araçlarının etkinlik üzerindeki etkisinin ortaya koyulması, üçüncüsü; etkinliğin belirleyicisi olan üretici ve işletmeye ait ayırt edici faktörlerin analiz edilmesi ve son olarak da tarım politikalarına yönelik öneriler getirilmesidir. Araştırma kapsamında Trakya Bölgesi’nin üç ilinde 140 üretici ile yüz yüze anket çalışması gerçekleştirilmiştir. Araştırmada üç aşamalı metodoloji kullanılmıştır; Veri Zarflama Analizi yardımı ile süt sığırcılığı işletmelerinin teknik etkinliği ve desteklemelerin teknik etkinlik üzerindeki etkisi hesaplanmış, Tobit analizi yardımıyla ise etkinlik ile işletmeye ve üreticiye ait özellikler arasındaki ilişki analiz edilmiştir. Veri Zarflama Analizi sonuçlarına göre, işletmelerin ölçeğe sabit getiri skorları ortalama 0.700, ölçeğe değişken getiri skorları ortalama 0.795, ölçek etkinliği skorları ise ortalama 0.886 olarak hesaplanmıştır. Desteklemeler ile işletmelerin ölçeğe sabit getiri skorları %2.43, değişken getiri skorları %1.13, ölçek etkinlikleri ise %1.35 artmıştır. Tarımsal desteklerin süt sığırcılığı işlemelerinde etkinliği pozitif etkilediği ancak küçük oranda bir iyileşme sağladığı, ayrıca ölçek büyüklüğüne göre desteklerin pozitif etkisinin farklı olduğu dikkati çekmektedir. Tobit analizi sonuçlarına göre ise etkinliğin belirleyicileri; üreticilerin eğitim düzeyi, geliri, aile büyüklüğü, işletmelerin ölçek ve arazi büyüklüğü, üreticilerin üretime devam etme düşüncesi ve işletmenin ortalama süt verimidir. Araştırma sonucunda, hayvancılık desteklerinin ölçeğe artan getiri ile çalışan küçük ölçekli işletmelerde ölçeğin büyütülmesine, ölçeğe azalan getiri ile çalışan büyük ölçekli işletmelerde ise teknolojinin geliştirilmesine yönelik verilmesi önerilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

hayvancılık destekleri, tarım politikası, teknik etkinlik, veri zarflama analizi, Tobit model

Proje Numarası

2016-ZRF-054

Kaynakça

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