Sürdürülebilir Yöntemlerin Tasarlanması ve Biyoçeşitliliğin Muhafazasına Yönelik Yerli Sığırları Koruma Stratejilerinin Alt Yapısını Belirlemek için Bazı Morfolojik Özelliklerin Tanımlanması: Türkiye'de Ex-Situ Koşullarda Yetiştirilen Doğu Anadolu Kırmızısı Örneği

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 21 Sayı: 1, 233 - 245, 30.01.2024

Sadrettin Yüksel , Alpay Karaçuhalılar

https://doi.org/10.33462/jotaf.1277523

Cited By: 1

Öz

Bu çalışma, biyoçeşitliliğin devamı için, bir altyapı olarak yerli hayvan ırklarının korunması ve üretim zincirinin bir halkası olması amacıyla tasarlanmıştır. Bu maksatla farklı yöntemlere göre koruma altına alınmış veya değerlendirilmiş Doğu Anadolu Kırmızısı (DAK) ırkına ait bilgilerin ve ex-situ koşullarda yetiştirilen hayvanların bazı morfolojik karakterlerinin, varyasyon kaynakları ile etkileşimi ele alınmıştır. Çalışmada, farklı yöntemlerle korunan materyallerin durumu ve dört yıl boyunca elde edilen 213 baş buzağıya ait veriler kullanılmıştır. Koruma altındaki materyaller, 350 baş ex-situ, 200 baş in-situ, 50 adet in-vitrodan oluşmaktadır. Buzağıların doğum ve sütten kesim dönemlerine ait ağırlıkları ve vücut ölçüleri kayıt altına alınmıştır. Dişi ve erkekler arasında en yüksek varyasyon katsayısı (VK) farkı 2022 yılında doğum ağırlıklarında görülmüştür (sırasıyla %9.24, %19.23). Sütten kesim döneminde vücut uzunluğu (VU), cidago yüksekliği (CY), göğüs derinliği (GD), göğüs genişliği (GG), göğüs çevresi (GÇ), sağrı yüksekliği (SY) ve ön incik çevresi (ÖİÇ) için VK değerleri hem cinsiyetler arasında hem de yıllar arasında belirli bir düzeyde farklılık göstermiş, ancak bu farklar doğumdaki değerler kadar büyük olmamıştır. Doğum döneminde VU, CY, GG, GÇ, SY ve ÖİÇ ortalamaları cinsiyetler arasında farklılık göstermiştir (p< 0.05). Aynı dönemde yıllar arasındaki tüm vücut ölçüsü değerlerine ait farklılıklar önemli bulunmuştur (p< 0.01). Sütten kesim döneminde cinsiyetler arasında görülen en yüksek VK farkı 2019 yılında CY değerinde görülmüştür (dişi, erkek için sırasıyla %9.64, %15.47). Aynı dönemde hem cinsiyet, hem de yıllara göre belirlenen vücut ölçülerinin VK değerleri birbirine yakın bulunmuştur. Sütten kesim döneminde cinsiyet ile CY, GD, ÖNÇ (p< 0.05), yıl ile tüm vücut ölçüleri (p< 0.01) arasında anlamlı bir etkileşim görülmüştür. Nihayi olarak DAK ırkı üzerine yapılan araştırmalardaki artış, sürdürülebilir bir biyoçeşitlilik modülasyonuyla sonuçlanıp, potansiyel olarak çiftlik hayvanlarının kontrolünü ve verimliliğini etkileyebileceği sonucuna varılmıştır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Doğu Anadolu Kırmızısı, Ex-situ yetiştirme, Biyoçeşitliliğin korunması, Buzağı, Morfolojik özellik

Defining of Some Morphological Characteristics in order to Determine the Infrastructure of Conservation Strategies of Indigenous Cattle for Designing Sustainable Methods and Conservation of Biodiversity: Eastern Anatolian Red Example Reared Under Ex-Situ Conditions in Türkiye

Öz

This study was designed to protect indigenous animal breeds as an infrastructure for the continuation of biodiversity and to be a link in the production chain. For this purpose, the interaction of the information on Eastern Anatolian Red (EAR) breed, which were evaluated or protected according to different methods, and some morphological characters of animals reared under ex-situ conditions, with the sources of variation were evaluated. It were used materials preserved according to different methods and 207 head calves obtained during four years in the study. The materials that consisted of 350 head ex-situ, 200 head in-situ, 50 piece in-vitro was conserved in original environment. The weights and measurements of calves were recorded at birth and weaning. Difference of CV was the highest that was seen between males and females in 2022 (%9.24, %19.23 respectively) in birth. It was observed a certain level of difference for CV for BL, WH, CD, CW, CG, RH and FWG both between sexes and between years in weaning, but these differences were not as large as at birth. BW, WH, CW, CG, RH and FWG differed between sexes in birth period (p< 0.05). In the same period, all body measurements were different between years (p< 0.01). In weaning period, difference of CV for WW was the highest that was seen by sex in 2019 (%9.64, %15.47 female, male, respectively). In the same period, it was close CV values of body measurements determined by both sexes and years. There was an interaction between sexes and WW, CW, FWG (p< 0.05), years and all body measurements (p< 0.01) in the weaning period. The increase in studies on EAR breed could result in a modulation of sustainable of animal biodiversity potentially impacting livestock control and efficiency.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Eastern Anatolian Red, Ex-situ rearing, Conservation of biodiversity, Calf, Morphological Characteristic

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