The Effects of the Addition of Dill Oil (Anethum graveolens) into Biodiesel-Diesel Blends

Year 2022, Volume: 5 Issue: 2, 203 - 212, 30.11.2022

Onur Alp Dikyol , Berna Kabadayı , Elif İşler , İrem Cingöz , Carlos Da Silva Bento , Nalan Türköz Karakullukçu , Gediz Uğuz

Abstract

The effects of dill oil extract as an antioxidant on the crystallization properties of colza biodiesel were investigated. 3000 ppm dill oil (Anethum graveolens) was blended with colza biodiesel-diesel mixtures at certain rates. The chemical antioxidant butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) was used to compare the effects. For this reason, the samples were prepared and called D100, B20D80, B20D80D, and B20D80BHT. The crystallization temperatures (Tcr) of the samples were determined by using a Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) technique. The values of samples with antioxidants were decreased compared to the non-antioxidant biodiesel sample (B100). The order of antioxidant power was
D100for D100, B20D80, B20D80BHT and B20D80D were −11.3 7 °C, −13.42 °C, -14.94 °C, and −15.65 °C, respectively. The addition of dill oil extract as a natural antioxidant had a positive effect on biodiesel oxidative stability for 3000 ppm concentration. Natural dill oil showed a similar  efficiency with BHT that the synthetic chemical antioxidant. The dill oil can be used as an antioxidant after the complete standard fuel tests.

Keywords

Anethum graveolens oil, Biodiesel, Colza biodiesel, Dill oil, Natural antioxidant, Oxidative stability

Thanks

The authors would like to thank KİTAM, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Samsun, Turkey, for the FT-IR and DSC analysis. The authors would like to thank İbrahim Ethem OLUKÇUOĞLU (Head of the Library Department of Ondokuz Mayıs University) for literature research.

References

• 1. Mohamed H, Ben Jebli M, Ben Youssef S. Renewable and fossil energy, terrorism, economic growth, and trade: Evidence from France. Renewable Energy [Internet]. 2019 Aug [cited 2022 Nov 22];139:459–67.
• 2. Abbasi KR, Shahbaz M, Zhang J, Irfan M, Alvarado R. Analyze the environmental sustainability factors of China: The role of fossil fuel energy and renewable energy. Renewable Energy [Internet]. 2022 Mar [cited 2022 Nov 22];187:390–402.
• 3. Atabani A, Mekaoussi M, Uguz G, Arpa O, Ayanoglu A, Shobana S. Evaluation, characterization, and engine performance of complementary fuel blends of butanol–biodiesel–diesel from Aleurites moluccanus as potential alternative fuels for CI engines. Energy & Environment [Internet]. 2020 Aug [cited 2022 Nov 22];31(5):755–84.
• 4. Helmi F, Helmi M, Hemmati A. Phosphomolybdic acid/chitosan as acid solid catalyst using for biodiesel production from pomegranate seed oil via microwave heating system: RSM optimization and kinetic study. Renewable Energy [Internet]. 2022 Apr [cited 2022 Nov 22];189:881–98.
• 5. Malhotra R, Ali A. 5-Na/ZnO doped mesoporous silica as reusable solid catalyst for biodiesel production via transesterification of virgin cottonseed oil. Renewable Energy [Internet]. 2019 Apr [cited 2022 Nov 22];133:606–19.
• 6. Bencheikh K, Atabani AE, Shobana S, Mohammed MN, Uğuz G, Arpa O, et al. Fuels properties, characterizations and engine and emission performance analyses of ternary waste cooking oil biodiesel–diesel–propanol blends. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments [Internet]. 2019 Oct [cited 2022 Nov 22];35:321–34.
• 7. Aghbashlo M, Peng W, Tabatabaei M, Kalogirou SA, Soltanian S, Hosseinzadeh-Bandbafha H, et al. Machine learning technology in biodiesel research: A review. Progress in Energy and Combustion Science [Internet]. 2021 Jul [cited 2022 Nov 22];85:100904.
• 8. Kant Bhatia S, Kant Bhatia R, Jeon JM, Pugazhendhi A, Kumar Awasthi M, Kumar D, et al. An overview on advancements in biobased transesterification methods for biodiesel production: Oil resources, extraction, biocatalysts, and process intensification technologies. Fuel [Internet]. 2021 Feb [cited 2022 Nov 22];285:119117.
• 9. Jain S, Sharma MP. Oxidation stability of blends of Jatropha biodiesel with diesel. Fuel [Internet]. 2011 Oct [cited 2022 Nov 22];90(10):3014–20.
• 10. Uguz G. Inhibitory effect of thyme oil as an antioxidant for waste cooking oil biodiesel crystallization. Energy & Environment [Internet]. 2021 Nov 20 [cited 2022 Nov 22];0958305X2110613.
• 11. Uğuz G, Atabani AE, Mohammed MN, Shobana S, Uğuz S, Kumar G, et al. Fuel stability of biodiesel from waste cooking oil: A comparative evaluation with various antioxidants using FT-IR and DSC techniques. Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology [Internet]. 2019 Sep [cited 2022 Nov 22];21:101283.
• 12. Dunn RO. Effect of oxidation under accelerated conditions on fuel properties of methyl soyate (biodiesel). J Amer Oil Chem Soc [Internet]. 2002 Sep [cited 2022 Nov 22];79(9):915–20.
• 13. Rizwanul Fattah IM, Masjuki HH, Kalam MA, Mofijur M, Abedin MJ. Effect of antioxidant on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine fueled with palm biodiesel blends. Energy Conversion and Management [Internet]. 2014 Mar [cited 2022 Nov 22];79:265–72.
• 14. Nanthagopal K, Ashok B, Saravanan B, Patel D, Sudarshan B, Aaditya Ramasamy R. An assessment on the effects of 1-pentanol and 1-butanol as additives with Calophyllum Inophyllum biodiesel. Energy Conversion and Management [Internet]. 2018 Feb [cited 2022 Nov 22];158:70–80.
• 15. Bunaciu A, Fleschin S, Aboul-Enein H. FTIR spectroscopy used for study the thermal degradation of lard. Egypt Pharmaceut J [Internet]. 2021 [cited 2022 Nov 22];20(2):166.
• 16. Decker EA, Alamed J, Castro IA. Interaction Between Polar Components and the Degree of Unsaturation of Fatty Acids on the Oxidative Stability of Emulsions. J Americ Oil Chem Soc [Internet]. 2010 Jul [cited 2022 Nov 22];87(7):771–80.
• 17. Rostaei M, Fallah S, Lorigooini Z, Abbasi Surki A. The effect of organic manure and chemical fertilizer on essential oil, chemical compositions and antioxidant activity of dill (Anethum graveolens) in sole and intercropped with soybean (Glycine max). Journal of Cleaner Production [Internet]. 2018 Oct [cited 2022 Nov 22];199:18–26.
• 18. Mohammed MN, Atabani AE, Uguz G, Lay CH, Kumar G, Al-Samaraae RR. Characterization of Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) Biodiesel Blends with Euro Diesel, Butanol and Diethyl Ether Using FT-IR, UV–Vis, TGA and DSC Techniques. Waste Biomass Valor [Internet]. 2020 Mar [cited 2022 Nov 22];11(3):1097–113.
• 19. Uğuz G, Ayanoğlu A. Characterization of Waste Tire Pyrolysis Products by GC, ICP-MS, TGA and DSC. Bitlis Eren Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Dergisi [Internet]. 2021 Sep 1 [cited 2022 Nov 22];10(3):930–42.
• 20. Uğuz G, Ayanoğlu A. Chemical characterization of waste tire pyrolysis products. International Advanced Researches and Engineering Journal [Internet]. 2021 Aug 15 [cited 2022 Nov 22];5(2):163–70.
• 21. Marsoul A, Ijjaali M, Elhajjaji F, Taleb M, Salim R, Boukir A. Phytochemical screening, total phenolic and flavonoid methanolic extract of pomegranate bark (Punica granatum L): Evaluation of the inhibitory effect in acidic medium 1 M HCl. Materials Today: Proceedings [Internet]. 2020 [cited 2022 Nov 22];27:3193–8.
• 22. Yakan H, Çakmak Ş, Buruk O, Veyisoğlu A, Muğlu H, Türköz Karakullukçu N. New 5-methylisatin including thiocarbohydrazones: preparation, structure elucidation and antimicrobial activity. Res Chem Intermed [Internet]. 2022 Oct [cited 2022 Nov 22];48(10):4331–45.
• 23. Uğuz G. Antioxidant effect of clove oil on biodiesel produced from waste cooking oil. Biomass Conv Bioref [Internet]. 2021 Jun 30 [cited 2022 Nov 22];
• 24. Berthomieu C, Hienerwadel R. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy. Photosynth Res [Internet]. 2009 Sep [cited 2022 Nov 22];101(2–3):157–70.