Ampute Hastalarin Rehabilitasyonunda Kullanilan Yapay Zeka Tabanli Giyilebilir Robotik Diş İskeletler: Meta Analiz

Yıl 2024, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 1 - 10, 21.06.2024

Merve Çörekçi , Turker Erguzel

https://doi.org/10.53525/jster.1430072

Öz

Amputasyon; kazalar, diyabet, kanser, tümör, osteomiyelit, disvasküler hastalıklar gibi nedenlerden dolayı herhangi bir ekstremitenin tamamının ya da bir kısmının yokluğudur. Amputasyon dünya çapında milyonlarca insanın motor fonksiyonlarını ve yaşam kalitelerini etkilemektedir. Ayrıca bu engelliliğe sahip insanlar hareket yeteneklerinin azalmasının yanı sıra psikolojik olarak da etkilenmektedirler. Amputasyonlu hastaların günlük yaşama katılımlarını artırmak ve kendilerini daha iyi hissetmeleri için teknolojinin de gelişmesiyle birlikte birçok tedavi ve rehabilitasyon yöntemi geliştirilmiştir. Bu yöntemler arasında en çok kullanılan ve son yıllarda da popüler olan yapay zeka teknolojisi bulunmaktadır. Bu teknoloji ile yapılan dış iskeletler amputasyonlu hastaların hareket yeteneklerini artırmayı amaçladıkları için bu hastaların umut kaynağı olmuştur. Bu araştırma, ampute hastaların umut kaynağı olan yapay zeka tabanlı dış iskeletlerin ampute rehabilitasyonuna etkisini inceleyip kullanılan yapay zeka teknolojilerini karşılaştırmayı amaçladı. Bu amaç doğrultusunda literatür taranarak yapay zeka teknolojilerinden beyin-bilgisayar arayüzü, makine öğrenimi, derin öğrenme, yapay sinir ağlarının ampute hasta rehabilitasyonuna etkisi ile ilgili son 10 yılın araştırmaların nitel meta analizi yapıldı. Nitel meta analiz sonucunda ampute hasta rehabilitasyonunda en çok kullanılan yapay zeka teknolojisinin beyin-bilgisayar arayüzü olduğu ve kullanılan yapay zeka tabanlı dış iskeletlerin hepsinin rehabilitasyona olumlu etkisinin olduğu ayrıca bu yapay zeka teknolojileri sayesinde amputasyonlu hastaların hareket sınırlılıklarının azaldığı araştırmalarda görüldü. Fakat son yıllardaki ilerlemeci gelişmelere rağmen hala kaybedilen uzvun tam işlevini görebilecek dış iskelet üretilememiştir. Bu yüzden yapay zeka teknolojilerinin ampute hasta rehabilitasyonu üzerinde etkilerini daha iyi anlamak için gelecekte bu alanda daha çok araştırma yapılması önerilmektedir. Ek olarak kontrol paradigmalarını ve rehabilitasyon etkisini kapsamlı bir şekilde değerlendirebilmek için hem ampute denek üzerinde hem de sağlıklı denek üzerinde geniş bir popülasyona sahip daha fazla araştırmaya gerek vardır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ampute hasta rehabilitasyonu, yapay zeka, beyin-bilgisayar arayüzü, dış iskeletler, derin öğrenme

Artificial Intelligence Based Wearable Robotic Exoskeletons For Rehabilitation Of Amputee Patients: Meta Analysis

Öz

Amputation is the loss of all or part of an extremity due to accidents, diabetes, cancer, tumours, osteomyelitis, dysvascular diseases. Amputation affects the motor functions and quality of life of millions of people worldwide. In addition, people with this disability are psychologically affected as well as reduced mobility. Many treatment and rehabilitation methods have been developed with the development of technology to increase the participation of patients with amputation in daily life and to make them feel better. Among these methods, artificial intelligence technology is the most widely used and popular in recent years. Exoskeletons made with this technology have become a source of hope for amputees as they aim to increase their mobility. This research aims to examine the effect of artificial intelligence-based exoskeletons, which are the source of hope for amputees, on amputee rehabilitation and to compare the artificial intelligence technologies used. For this purpose, the literature was reviewed and a qualitative meta-analysis of the researches of the last 10 years on the effects of artificial intelligence technologies such as brain-computer interface, machine learning, deep learning, artificial neural networks on amputee patient rehabilitation was performed. As a result of the qualitative meta-analysis, it was seen that the most commonly used artificial intelligence technology in amputee patient rehabilitation is the brain-computer interface and all of the artificial intelligence-based exoskeletons used have a positive effect on rehabilitation, and thanks to these artificial intelligence technologies, the mobility limitations of patients with amputation are reduced. However, despite the progressive developments in recent years, an exoskeleton that can fully function the lost limb has still not been produced. Therefore, it is recommended to conduct more research in this field in the future to better understand the effects of artificial intelligence technologies on amputee rehabilitation. In addition, further research with a large population of both amputees and healthy subjects is needed to comprehensively evaluate the control paradigms and rehabilitation effect.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Amputee rehabilitation, Brain-computer interface, Artificial intelligence, Deep learning, Exoskeletons

Kaynakça

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