Sosyal Hizmet Uzmanlarının Pandemi Döneminde Sosyal Hizmet Kuruluşlarındaki Mekân Deneyimi, Paylaşılmış Travması ve Paylaşılmış Dayanıklılığı
Yıl 2023,
, 9 - 27, 30.03.2023
Mansur Seyitoglu
,
Ümran Altundal
Öz
Bu çalışma, pandemi döneminde yatılı kurum ve kuruluşlarda aktif görev alan sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının bu dönemdeki sosyal hizmet uygulama deneyimlerini anlamayı, sorunlarını ve gereksinimlerini ortaya koymayı amaçlamaktadır. Nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılan çalışmadaki veriler, amaçlı örnekleme yöntemiyle ulaşılan Sosyal Hizmet Uzmanları Derneği İstanbul Şubesine üye 8 sosyal hizmet uzmanı ile yapılan görüşmelerden elde edilmiştir. Elde edilen veriler değerlendirildiğinde “Mekân Neyi Belirler?”, “Mekân Deneyimleri: Pandemi Neyi Değiştirdi? ve “İki Grup Nerede Buluşuyor? Paylaşılmış Travma ve Paylaşılmış Dayanıklılık” olmak üzere üç ana tema bulunmuştur. Buna göre yatılı sosyal hizmet kuruluşlarında hizmet sunanlar ile bu hizmetlerden yararlananları aynı ortaklıkta buluşturan unsur mekân olmuştur. Bu ortak mekân paylaşımının ise pandemi döneminin beraberinde getirdiği travmaları ve dayanıklılıkları da aynı ortaklık çerçevesine koyduğu belirlenmiştir. Mevcut çalışma sosyal hizmet uzmanlarının deneyimleri aracılığıyla pandemi dönemi sosyal hizmet uygulamalarının sorunları ve gereksinimlerine yönelik faaliyetlerin geliştirilmesi hususundaki çalışmalar için temel oluşturabilir
Teşekkür
Emeği geçen herkese teşekkür ederiz.
Kaynakça
- Acar, H., İçağasıoğlu Çoban, A., ve Polat, G. (2017). Sosyal Hizmetlerde Yanlış Uygulamalar, Etik İhlaller ve Sorunlara İlişkin Bir Araştırma. İoanna Kuçuradi, Neşe Şahin Taşğın (Ed.), Ankara: Türkiye Felsefe Kurumu
- Amadasun, S. (2020). Social work and COVID-19 pandemic: An action call. International Social Work, 63(6), 753–756. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020872820959357
- Ashcroft, R., Sur, D., Greenblatt, A. ve Donahue, P. (2022). The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Social Workers at the Frontline: A Survey of Canadian Social Workers. The British Journal of Social Work, 52(3), 1724–1746. DOI: 10.1093/bjsw/bcab158
- Banks, S., Cai, T., de Jonge, E., Shears, J., Shum, M., Sobočan, A. M., … Weinberg, M. (2020). Practising ethically during COVID-19: Social work challenges and responses. International Social Work, 63(5), 569–583.
- Boulanger, G. (2013). Fearful symmetry: Shared trauma in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina. psychoanalytic Dialogues, 23(1), 31–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/10481885.2013.752700.
- Chakraborty, N. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on mental health, Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry, 24:2. https://DOI.org/10.1002/pnp.666
- Cook, L.L. ve Zschomler, D. (2020). Virtual Home Visits during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Social Workers’ Perspectives, Practice, 32:5, 401-408, DOI: 10.1080/09503153.2020.1836142
- Creswell, J. W. (2017). Araştırma Deseni: Nitel, Nicel ve Karma Yöntem Yaklaşımları. Çeviri Ed., Selçuk Beşir Demir, Ankara: Eğiten Kitap Yayınları.
- Farkas, K. J. ve Romaniuk, J. R. (2020). Social work, ethics and vulnerable groups in the time of coronavirus and COVID-19. Society register, 4(2), 67-82.
- Ferguson, H., Kelly L. ve Pink, S. (2022). Social work and child protection for a post-pandemic world: the re-making of practice during COVID-19 and its renewal beyond it, Journal of Social Work Practice, 36:1, 5-24, DOI: 10.1080/02650533.2021.1922368
- Fuld, S. (2021). Autism in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Reflecting on Loss and Resilience. In: Tosone, C. (eds) Shared Trauma, Shared Resilience During a Pandemic. Essential Clinical Social Work Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61442-3_17
- Greene T., Harju-Seppänen J., Adeniji M., Steel C., Grey N., Brewin C.R., … Billings J. (2021). Predictors and rates of PTSD, depression and anxiety in UK frontline health and social care workers during COVID-19, European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 12:1, DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2021.1882781
- Güvlü, G. ve Yılmaz, H. N. (2021). Pandeminin Kamusal Mekân Kullanımlarına Etkisi ve Güncel Mekansal Oluşumlar. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (27), 135-144.
- Hanna, K., Giebel, C., Cannon, J., Shenton, J., Mason, S., Tetlow, H., Marlow, P., … Gabbay, M. (2022). Working in a care home during the COVID-19 pandemic: How has the pandemic changed working practices? A qualitative study. BMC geriatrics, 22(1), 129. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-02822-0
- Holmes, M. R., Rentrope, C. R., Korsch-Williams, A. ve King, J. A. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Posttraumatic Stress, Grief, Burnout, and Secondary Trauma of Social Workers in the United States. Clinical social work journal, 49(4), 495–504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10615-021-00795-y
- Katz, C., ve Fallon, B. (2020). Protecting children from maltreatment during COVID-19. Child Abuse & Neglect, 110(Pt 2), Article 104753. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. chiabu.2020.104753
- Karakaş, M. (2019). Kent, Mekân ve Toplum Sosyolojisine Giriş, M. Karakaş (Ed.), Kent Mekân ve Toplum içinde, Ankara: Tezkire Yayınları.
- Kaya-Örk, E., Özkul, M. ve Akçay, S. (2021). COVID-19 pandemisinin sosyal hizmet uzmanları ve sosyal hizmet uygulamalarına yansımaları, Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet, COVID-19 Özel Sayı Cilt 1, 23-45. DOI: 10.33417/tsh.985572
- Kong, S. T., Noone, C., Quintana, A., Pharoah, C., Wills, D., Shears, J., … Hawkes, S. (2021). Social Work during COVID-19: Learning for the Future. Challenges, Best Practice and Professional Transformation. Available online at https://www.basw.co.uk/system/files/resources/social-work-during-COVID-19.pdf (28 May 2021).
- Kong, S.T., Noone ve Shears, J., (2022). Social Workers’ Sensual Bodies during COVID-19: The Suspended, Displaced and Reconstituted Body in Social Work Practice, The British Journal of Social Work, 52 (5), 2834–2853, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcab207
- Kuruhalil, İ., Özyazıcı, A. ve Hosseinnezhad, F. (2020). Türkiye’de COVID-19 Pandemisi Döneminde Sosyal Hizmet. Türkiye Sosyal Hizmet Araştırmaları Dergisi 5(1), 1-18
- Martínez-López, J. Á., Lázaro-Pérez, C. ve Gómez-Galán, J. (2021). Predictors of Burnout in Social Workers: The COVID-19 Pandemic as a Scenario for Analysis. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(10), 5416. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105416
- McCann, I. L., & Pearlman, L. A. (1990). Vicarious traumatization: A framework for understanding the psychological effects of working with victims. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 3, 131–149.
- Merriam, S.B. (2018). Nitel Araştırma Desen ve Uygulama İçin Bir Rehber. Ankara: Nobel Yayın.
- Nyatanga B. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on loss and grief: a personal lens. British journal of community nursing, 25(6), 306–307. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2020.25.6.306
- Pink, S., Ferguson, H., ve Kelly, L., (2022). Digital social work: Conceptualising a hybrid anticipatory practice. Qualitative Social Work, 21(2), 413–430. https://doi.org/10.1177/14733250211003647
- Punch, K.F. (2016). Sosyal Araştırmalara Giriş. Ankara, Siyasal Kitabevi.
- Sapiro, B. (2021). Teaching Social Work Practice in the Shared Trauma of a Global Pandemic. In: Tosone, C. (eds) Shared Trauma, Shared Resilience During a Pandemic. Essential Clinical Social Work Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61442-3_33
- Seyitoğlu, M., (2022). “Pandemide Çocuklara Yönelik Yatılı Kurum Hizmetleri”, Krizlerde Çocuğun İyilik Halinin Korunması, (14. Bölüm), içinde (303-328), Nobel Yayınevi, Ankara.
- Sosyal Hizmetler Kanunu (1983). 24.05.1983 tarih ve 2828 sayılı Kanun. Erişim Adresi: http://www. mevzuat. gov. tr/MevzuatMetin/1.5, 2828, 145-164. Erişim Tarihi: 09.10.2022
- Ştulea, R., Goian, C., ve Vlaicu, L. (2021). The Impact Of The COVID-19 Pandemic On The Social Life Of The Staff And Beneficiaries Of The Gătaia Psychiatric Hospital, In Tımış County. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Series VII, Social Sciences and Law., 14(2), 373-380.
- Şahin Taşğın, N. ve Bürüngüz, N. (2021). Sosyal Hizmet Uzmanlarının Deneyimleri Işığında Pandemi Sürecinde Sosyal Hizmet ve Sosyal Yardım Sunan Kurumlarda Yaşananlar: İstanbul Örneği. Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet, COVID-19 Özel Sayı Cilt 1, 201-223. DOI: 10.33417/tsh.996775
- T.C. Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı. (2020). Kuruluşlarımıza Yönelik Koronavirüs Bilgilendirme Rehberi - II. Erişim Adresi: https://www.aile.gov.tr/eyhgm/haberler/kuruluslarimiza-yonelik-koronavirus-bilgilendirme-rehberi-ii-yayinlandi/. Erişim Tarihi: 05.12.2022.
- Tosone C. (2021). Shared Trauma, Shared Resilience During a Pandemic Social Work in the Time of COVID-19, Essential Clinical Social Work Series.
- Trancă, L. M., (2021). Challenges for Social Workers in Residential Centres Providing Social Services in Western Romania During the COVID‐19 Pandemic. Revista de Asistenţă Socială, 20 (1), 169-177
- United States Department of Labor. (2020). COVID-19 control and prevention; Healthcare workers and employers. https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/COVID-19/healthcare-workers.html
- Ungar, M. (2013). Resilience, trauma, context, and culture. Trauma, Violence & Abuse, 14, 255–266.
- Walter-McCabe, H. A. (2020). Coronavirus Pandemic Calls for an Immediate Social Work Response, Social Work in Public Health, 35:3, 69-72, DOI:10.1080/19371918.2020.1751533
- Wang, J., Yang, W., Pan, L., Ji, J. S., Shen, J., Zhao, K., Ying, … Shi, X. (2020). Prevention and control of COVID-19 in nursing homes, orphanages, and prisons. Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987), 266(Pt 1), 115161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115161
The Experience of Place, Shared Trauma, and Shared Resilience of Social Workers in Social Work Settings During the Pandemic Period
Yıl 2023,
, 9 - 27, 30.03.2023
Mansur Seyitoglu
,
Ümran Altundal
Öz
This study aims to understand the social work practice experiences of the social workers who worked actively at residential social service institutions during the pandemic period and to reveal their problems and needs. The data in the study, in which the qualitative research method was used, were obtained from the interviews with eight social workers who are members of the Turkish Association of Social Workers (Istanbul Branch), which were reached by purposive sampling. When the collected data was analyzed, three major themes emerged: "What Does Space Determine?" "Experiences of Place: What Has the Pandemic Changed?" and "Where Do the Two Groups Meet?" "Shared Trauma and Shared Resilience" Accordingly, the element that brings together those who provide services in residential social service institutions and those who benefit from these services in the same partnership has been "the place." It has been determined that sharing a common place puts the traumas and resilience that the pandemic brings with it on the same ground as well. Through the experiences of the social workers in the current study, the pandemic period can form the basis for studies on the development of activities for the problems and needs of social work practices
Kaynakça
- Acar, H., İçağasıoğlu Çoban, A., ve Polat, G. (2017). Sosyal Hizmetlerde Yanlış Uygulamalar, Etik İhlaller ve Sorunlara İlişkin Bir Araştırma. İoanna Kuçuradi, Neşe Şahin Taşğın (Ed.), Ankara: Türkiye Felsefe Kurumu
- Amadasun, S. (2020). Social work and COVID-19 pandemic: An action call. International Social Work, 63(6), 753–756. https://doi.org/10.1177/0020872820959357
- Ashcroft, R., Sur, D., Greenblatt, A. ve Donahue, P. (2022). The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Social Workers at the Frontline: A Survey of Canadian Social Workers. The British Journal of Social Work, 52(3), 1724–1746. DOI: 10.1093/bjsw/bcab158
- Banks, S., Cai, T., de Jonge, E., Shears, J., Shum, M., Sobočan, A. M., … Weinberg, M. (2020). Practising ethically during COVID-19: Social work challenges and responses. International Social Work, 63(5), 569–583.
- Boulanger, G. (2013). Fearful symmetry: Shared trauma in New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina. psychoanalytic Dialogues, 23(1), 31–44. https://doi.org/10.1080/10481885.2013.752700.
- Chakraborty, N. (2020). The COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on mental health, Progress in Neurology and Psychiatry, 24:2. https://DOI.org/10.1002/pnp.666
- Cook, L.L. ve Zschomler, D. (2020). Virtual Home Visits during the COVID-19 Pandemic: Social Workers’ Perspectives, Practice, 32:5, 401-408, DOI: 10.1080/09503153.2020.1836142
- Creswell, J. W. (2017). Araştırma Deseni: Nitel, Nicel ve Karma Yöntem Yaklaşımları. Çeviri Ed., Selçuk Beşir Demir, Ankara: Eğiten Kitap Yayınları.
- Farkas, K. J. ve Romaniuk, J. R. (2020). Social work, ethics and vulnerable groups in the time of coronavirus and COVID-19. Society register, 4(2), 67-82.
- Ferguson, H., Kelly L. ve Pink, S. (2022). Social work and child protection for a post-pandemic world: the re-making of practice during COVID-19 and its renewal beyond it, Journal of Social Work Practice, 36:1, 5-24, DOI: 10.1080/02650533.2021.1922368
- Fuld, S. (2021). Autism in the COVID-19 Pandemic: Reflecting on Loss and Resilience. In: Tosone, C. (eds) Shared Trauma, Shared Resilience During a Pandemic. Essential Clinical Social Work Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61442-3_17
- Greene T., Harju-Seppänen J., Adeniji M., Steel C., Grey N., Brewin C.R., … Billings J. (2021). Predictors and rates of PTSD, depression and anxiety in UK frontline health and social care workers during COVID-19, European Journal of Psychotraumatology, 12:1, DOI: 10.1080/20008198.2021.1882781
- Güvlü, G. ve Yılmaz, H. N. (2021). Pandeminin Kamusal Mekân Kullanımlarına Etkisi ve Güncel Mekansal Oluşumlar. Avrupa Bilim ve Teknoloji Dergisi, (27), 135-144.
- Hanna, K., Giebel, C., Cannon, J., Shenton, J., Mason, S., Tetlow, H., Marlow, P., … Gabbay, M. (2022). Working in a care home during the COVID-19 pandemic: How has the pandemic changed working practices? A qualitative study. BMC geriatrics, 22(1), 129. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-022-02822-0
- Holmes, M. R., Rentrope, C. R., Korsch-Williams, A. ve King, J. A. (2021). Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic on Posttraumatic Stress, Grief, Burnout, and Secondary Trauma of Social Workers in the United States. Clinical social work journal, 49(4), 495–504. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10615-021-00795-y
- Katz, C., ve Fallon, B. (2020). Protecting children from maltreatment during COVID-19. Child Abuse & Neglect, 110(Pt 2), Article 104753. https://doi.org/10.1016/j. chiabu.2020.104753
- Karakaş, M. (2019). Kent, Mekân ve Toplum Sosyolojisine Giriş, M. Karakaş (Ed.), Kent Mekân ve Toplum içinde, Ankara: Tezkire Yayınları.
- Kaya-Örk, E., Özkul, M. ve Akçay, S. (2021). COVID-19 pandemisinin sosyal hizmet uzmanları ve sosyal hizmet uygulamalarına yansımaları, Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet, COVID-19 Özel Sayı Cilt 1, 23-45. DOI: 10.33417/tsh.985572
- Kong, S. T., Noone, C., Quintana, A., Pharoah, C., Wills, D., Shears, J., … Hawkes, S. (2021). Social Work during COVID-19: Learning for the Future. Challenges, Best Practice and Professional Transformation. Available online at https://www.basw.co.uk/system/files/resources/social-work-during-COVID-19.pdf (28 May 2021).
- Kong, S.T., Noone ve Shears, J., (2022). Social Workers’ Sensual Bodies during COVID-19: The Suspended, Displaced and Reconstituted Body in Social Work Practice, The British Journal of Social Work, 52 (5), 2834–2853, https://doi.org/10.1093/bjsw/bcab207
- Kuruhalil, İ., Özyazıcı, A. ve Hosseinnezhad, F. (2020). Türkiye’de COVID-19 Pandemisi Döneminde Sosyal Hizmet. Türkiye Sosyal Hizmet Araştırmaları Dergisi 5(1), 1-18
- Martínez-López, J. Á., Lázaro-Pérez, C. ve Gómez-Galán, J. (2021). Predictors of Burnout in Social Workers: The COVID-19 Pandemic as a Scenario for Analysis. International journal of environmental research and public health, 18(10), 5416. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18105416
- McCann, I. L., & Pearlman, L. A. (1990). Vicarious traumatization: A framework for understanding the psychological effects of working with victims. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 3, 131–149.
- Merriam, S.B. (2018). Nitel Araştırma Desen ve Uygulama İçin Bir Rehber. Ankara: Nobel Yayın.
- Nyatanga B. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 on loss and grief: a personal lens. British journal of community nursing, 25(6), 306–307. https://doi.org/10.12968/bjcn.2020.25.6.306
- Pink, S., Ferguson, H., ve Kelly, L., (2022). Digital social work: Conceptualising a hybrid anticipatory practice. Qualitative Social Work, 21(2), 413–430. https://doi.org/10.1177/14733250211003647
- Punch, K.F. (2016). Sosyal Araştırmalara Giriş. Ankara, Siyasal Kitabevi.
- Sapiro, B. (2021). Teaching Social Work Practice in the Shared Trauma of a Global Pandemic. In: Tosone, C. (eds) Shared Trauma, Shared Resilience During a Pandemic. Essential Clinical Social Work Series. Springer, Cham. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61442-3_33
- Seyitoğlu, M., (2022). “Pandemide Çocuklara Yönelik Yatılı Kurum Hizmetleri”, Krizlerde Çocuğun İyilik Halinin Korunması, (14. Bölüm), içinde (303-328), Nobel Yayınevi, Ankara.
- Sosyal Hizmetler Kanunu (1983). 24.05.1983 tarih ve 2828 sayılı Kanun. Erişim Adresi: http://www. mevzuat. gov. tr/MevzuatMetin/1.5, 2828, 145-164. Erişim Tarihi: 09.10.2022
- Ştulea, R., Goian, C., ve Vlaicu, L. (2021). The Impact Of The COVID-19 Pandemic On The Social Life Of The Staff And Beneficiaries Of The Gătaia Psychiatric Hospital, In Tımış County. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Brasov. Series VII, Social Sciences and Law., 14(2), 373-380.
- Şahin Taşğın, N. ve Bürüngüz, N. (2021). Sosyal Hizmet Uzmanlarının Deneyimleri Işığında Pandemi Sürecinde Sosyal Hizmet ve Sosyal Yardım Sunan Kurumlarda Yaşananlar: İstanbul Örneği. Toplum ve Sosyal Hizmet, COVID-19 Özel Sayı Cilt 1, 201-223. DOI: 10.33417/tsh.996775
- T.C. Aile ve Sosyal Hizmetler Bakanlığı. (2020). Kuruluşlarımıza Yönelik Koronavirüs Bilgilendirme Rehberi - II. Erişim Adresi: https://www.aile.gov.tr/eyhgm/haberler/kuruluslarimiza-yonelik-koronavirus-bilgilendirme-rehberi-ii-yayinlandi/. Erişim Tarihi: 05.12.2022.
- Tosone C. (2021). Shared Trauma, Shared Resilience During a Pandemic Social Work in the Time of COVID-19, Essential Clinical Social Work Series.
- Trancă, L. M., (2021). Challenges for Social Workers in Residential Centres Providing Social Services in Western Romania During the COVID‐19 Pandemic. Revista de Asistenţă Socială, 20 (1), 169-177
- United States Department of Labor. (2020). COVID-19 control and prevention; Healthcare workers and employers. https://www.osha.gov/SLTC/COVID-19/healthcare-workers.html
- Ungar, M. (2013). Resilience, trauma, context, and culture. Trauma, Violence & Abuse, 14, 255–266.
- Walter-McCabe, H. A. (2020). Coronavirus Pandemic Calls for an Immediate Social Work Response, Social Work in Public Health, 35:3, 69-72, DOI:10.1080/19371918.2020.1751533
- Wang, J., Yang, W., Pan, L., Ji, J. S., Shen, J., Zhao, K., Ying, … Shi, X. (2020). Prevention and control of COVID-19 in nursing homes, orphanages, and prisons. Environmental pollution (Barking, Essex : 1987), 266(Pt 1), 115161. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115161