Türkiye’de Genel Sağlık Durumunun Belirleyicileri: Sosyo Ekonomik Faktörler ve Kapalı Ortam Hava Kirliliği

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 1, 89 - 100, 15.05.2022

Banu Beyaz Sipahi

Öz

Bireylerin sağlık düzeylerinin iyi olmaması yaşam şekilleri, içinde bulundukları sosyal sınıflar nedeniyle adil bir durum değildir. Bu çalışmanın amacı Türkiye’deki bireylerin genel sağlık durumlarını belirleyen temel faktörleri incelemektir. Analizde mikro veri seti olarak Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu (TÜİK) Gelir ve Yaşam Koşulları (GYK) 2015-2018 yıllarına ait yatay kesit verileri kullanılmıştır. Bireylerin genel sağlıklı durumunu etkileyebilecek sosyo ekonomik faktörlerin yanı sıra kapalı ortam hava kirliliği faktörleri genelleştirilmiş sıralı logit (gologit) yöntemi uygulanarak Türkiye için araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Genelleştirilmiş sıralı logit model sonuçları, eğitimin ve gelirin yanı sıra yaşın, medeni durumun ve cinsiyetin genel sağlık durumunu etkileyen önemli faktörler olduğu yönündedir. Gelir ve eğitim düzeylerinde artış bireylerin genel sağlık durumunun iyi olma olasılığını artırmaktadır. Ayrıca kapalı ortam hava kirliliğine ilişkin olarak hanelerin yakıt olarak kullandığı doğalgaz sağlığı pozitif etkilerken kömür negatif yönde etkilemektedir. Çalışma bulgularının, eğitimde yapılanma politikalarının, gelir eşitliğini sağlayıcı politikaların ve temiz hava koşullarını sağlamaya yönelik politikaların sağlıklı bireylerin gelişmesinde ve toplumda sağlık düzeyi eşitsizliklerini aza indirgenmesinde önemli katkı sağlayacağı yönündedir.    

Anahtar Kelimeler

Sağlık Durumu, Sosyo Ekonomik Statü, Kapalı Ortam Hava Kirliliği

Determinants of General Health Status in Turkey: Socio-Economic Factors and Indoor Air Pollution

Öz

The fact that individuals’ poor health is not a fair situation due to their lifestyle and social class. This study’s aim is to examine the main factors that determine the general health status of individuals in Turkey. The analysis is used micro-level data from the Turkish Statistical Institute (TURKSTAT) Cross-Sectional Income and Living Conditions Survey over the years 2015-2018. This study is to investigate the socio-economic factors which may effect on the general health status of individuals besides the indoor air pollution factor by applying the generalized ordered logit (gologit) methodology for Turkey. Gologit results indicate that age, marital status, gender are important factors affecting general health status, as well as education and income. The increase in income and education levels rises the probability of good general health status. In addition, concerning indoor air pollution, natural gas used by households as fuel for heating affects health positively, while coal affects health negatively. As a result, to improve the level of health in society, it is necessary to eliminate or reduce discrimination in socioeconomic status. The study findings point out the importance of policies on education reconstruction, income distribution and clean environment, improvement of health status and reduction of health inequalities.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Health Status, Socio Economic Status, Indoor Air Pollution, Generalized Ordered Logit

Kaynakça

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