Jan Ámos Komenský’nin Eğitim Sisteminin Özellikleri Üzerine: Bir Eğitim Tarihi Çalışması

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1, 39 - 52, 06.06.2020

Adnan Çırak

https://doi.org/10.38000/juhis.719674

Öz

Modern eğitim sistemlerinin ortaya çıkışında çok büyük bir tarihsel arka plan yatmaktadır. Antik Çağ’dan günümüze kadar geçen süre içerisinde çok sayıda eğitimci farklı düşünceler ve sistemler geliştirmiştir. Avrupa’da Rönesans’tan itibaren her alanda olduğu gibi eğitim alanında da yeni ilke ve yöntemler ortaya çıkmıştır. Ortaya atılan bu yeni ilke ve yöntemler hem Avrupa eğitimini hem de dünya eğitimini etkilemiştir. Eğitimde meydana gelen yeni gelişmelerin neredeyse çoğunda Jan Ámos Komenský’nin katkısı bulunmaktadır. Komenský özellikle sanat eğitimi, dil eğitimi, okul öncesi eğitimi, ahlak eğitimi, modern ilke ve yöntemler, sınıf ve okul sistemi, ders kitapları gibi konularda oldukça önemli görüşler ortaya koymuştur. Bu çalışmanın amacı Jan Ámos Komenský’nin pedagoji düşüncesinin kökenlerini, eğitim, öğretim ve okul sisteminin özelliklerini incelemektir. Araştırmada nitel veri toplama tekniklerinden doküman inceleme tekniği kullanılmıştır. Araştırma sonuçlarına göre Jan Ámos Komenský’nin pedagoji düşüncesinin temelinde on yedinci yüzyılda meydana gelen bilimsel gelişmelerin ve hümanizm etkisinin olduğu; eğitim-öğretim, okul sistemi gibi konularda modern eğitimi etkilediği görülmüştür.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Jan Amos Komensky, Eğitim Tarihi, Eğitim-Öğretim, Okul Sistemi

On the Features of the Jan Ámos Komenský’s Systems of Education: A Study of Education History

Öz

A huge historical background lies behind the emergence of modern educational systems. From ancient age to present day many educators have developed different opinions and systems. New principles and methods have emerged in the field of education in Europe since the Renaissance movement. These new principles and methods affected both European and world education. These new principles and methods affected the education in both Europe and the world. Jan Ámos Komenský contributed to most of these developments in the field of education. Jan Ámos Komenský revealed very important principles especially on subjects such as art education, language education, pre-school education, moral education, modern principles and methods, class and school system, and textbooks. The aim of this study is to examine the origins of Jan Ámos Komenský's pedagogical thought, features of the education, teaching and school system. This study applied document analysis technique with a qualitative approach. According to the results of the survey it has been seen that the scientific developments and humanism constructed Jan Ámos Komenský's thought of pedagogy; education, teaching, school system and it has been observed that Komenský affected modern education in many areas.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Jan Ámos Komenský, History of Education, Education-Teaching, School System

Kaynakça

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