Exophthalmus in a Calf Naturally Infected with Theileria annulata

Year 2024, Volume: 4 Issue: 2, 23 - 26, 02.01.2025

Cennet Nur Ünal , Murat Uztimür

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.14638020

Abstract

Tropical theileriosis is a hemoprotozoan disease caused by Theileria annulata (T. annulata) transmitted to cattle by ticks of the genus Hyalomma.
Purpose of this case report is to describe the exophthalmus findings observed in a calf that had a T. annulata infection.
A 2 month old male calf was brought to the Internal Medicine Clinic of Bingöl University Animal Hospital and had an anamnesis of 5 days of loss of appetite, weakness, vision loss that occurred 1 day ago, and two days before admission to the hospital, the eyes protruded from the orbital pit and had difficulty breathing. Clinical examination, the patient's vital signs showed exophthalmus in the right eye and edema in the left, a respiratory rate of 96 breaths per minute, a heart rate of 128 beats per minute, a body temperature of 41.6 oC, tear discharge, icterus, and petechiae on the conjunctiva, oral mucosa, and skin. Furthermore, pyroplasmic agents were found in T. annulata erythrocytes during light microscopic analysis of the smear.
It was concluded that exophthalmus and edema findings should be taken into consideration in the differential diagnosis and treatment of T. annulata infection.

Keywords

anemia, exophthalmus, theileria annulata

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