REFORM ÇAĞININ RADİKAL KANADI OLAN HUTTERİTLERİN DİNÎ KÖKENLİ GELENEKSEL KOMÜNAL YAŞAM TARZI ÜZERİNE BİR ARAŞTIRMA

Yıl 2019, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 11, 837 - 865, 30.12.2019

Hatice Keleş

Öz

Anabaptistler, 16. yüzyıl reform çağının radikal kanadını oluşturan bir harekettir.
Reform sırasında üç Anabaptist topluluk oluşmuştur. Bunlar, Hutteritler, Mennonitler ve İsviçre Kardeşleridir. Anabaptistler, yetişkin vaftizini savunmalarıyla
Katolik, Protestan ve Ortodokslardan ayrılırlar ve onların Hıristiyan dünyasında
lider konumda olmalarına karşı çıkarlar. Yedi tane olan sakramentlerin sadece
ikisini yani vaftiz ve ekmek şarap ayini kabul ederler. Genel itibariyle bütün Anabaptistlerin inançları hemen hemen aynıdır. Ancak Hutteritleri diğer Anabaptistlerden ayıran önemli bir inanç vardır. O da “community of goods” yani malların
ortak paylaşımıdır. Bu inançlarıyla Hutteritler, komünal yaşam sisteminin, yani
malların ortak paylaşımının Hıristiyanlığın gerçek yaşam sistemi olduğuna inanmıştır. Böylece koloniler kurmuşlardır. Hutteritler, dört yüz elli yıldan fazla bir
zamandır ayakta kalmalarıyla dikkatleri üzerlerine çekmişlerdir. Hutteritler, bu
kadar uzun süre ayakta kalmalarını, komünal yaşam sistemine bağlamışlardır.
Çünkü onlar, küçük yaşlardan itibaren bütün üyelerini komünal yaşam sistemine
göre eğitmişlerdir. Bu çalışmada, Anabaptist bir topluluk olan Hutteritlerin koloni
yaşamlarındaki evlilik, aile ve çocukların yetiştirilmesi konularında nasıl bir sistem uyguladıkları hakkında bilgi verilmeye çalışılacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Dinler Tarihi, Hutterit, Komünal, Evlilik, Aile, Çocuk Yetiştirilmesi

A STUDY ON THE RELIGIOUS TRADITIONAL COMMUNAL LIFE STYLE OF HUTTERITES THAT HAVE RADICAL WINGS OF THE REFORM AGE

Öz

Anabaptists are a movement that constitutes the radical wing of the 16th century
reform era. Three comunity has emerged from Anabaptists which are the Hutterites,
the Mennonites and the Swiss Brothers. In defending adult baptism, the Anabaptists
are separated from the Catholic, Protestant and Orthodox, and are opposed to their
leadership in the Christian world. In general, the beliefs of all Anabaptists are almost
the same. But there is an important belief that distinguishes Hutterites from other
Anabaptists. It is the “community of goods” that is, the common sharing of goods.
With these beliefs, the Hutterites believed that the communal life system, that is,
the common sharing of goods, was the real life system of Christianity. Thus, they
established colonies. The hutterites have attracted attention with their standing for
more than 450 years. The hutterites attributed their long standing to the communal
life system. Because according to the communal life system, they have trained all
members from a young age . In this study, it is aimed to give information about how
Hutterites, as a Anabaptist community, implement a system in the colonial life about
marriage, family and upbringing

Anahtar Kelimeler

History of Religious, Hutterite, Communal, Marriage, Family, Child Rearing

Kaynakça

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