Öz
In Qur’ān, other than the prophets, there are mentions of struggle and effort of exemplary personages such as Habīb al-Najjār who mentioned in the narration of ashāb al-karyah in sūrah Yā Sīn, Khidr, Maryam, Luqman, Dhu al-Qarnayn, Companions of the Cave, Asiyah who is the wife of Pharaoh and believer of the Pharaoh family, towards the right way. To what extent and in what context this immutable truth, which is determined by the verses regarding exemplary personalities, constitutes the subject of the hadith narrations, moreover, the issue of to what extent the relevant hadiths comply with the criteria of authenticity is important due to the nature of the integrity of the Qur’ān-Sunnah. In this context, the aim of the article is to deal with the narrations about Habīb al-Najjār mentioned in the story of ashāb al-karyah and mentioned as the Sāhib Yā Sīn the narrations. The reason why Habīb al-Najjār is especially preferred in this study is that the messengers sent to them according to the clear statement of the Qur’ān were martyred by their people whom they invited to Islam, and therefore they were rewarded with heaven, unlike other distinguished groups. The place and value of Habīb al-Najjār, whose ideal exemplary and superiority was registered with the witness of the Qur’ān, in hadith culture has been a subject of interest and curiosity in this respect. The article also mentions briefly the hadith-based studies on other distinguished figures. The narrations about Habīb al-Najjār, which were found to be few in number and in some sources other than The Nine Authentic Books (al-kutub al-tis'ah), were first mentioned under appropriate titles and the dimensions of the subject diversity are tried to be shown. Secondly, all the narrators who in the isnad of the narrations are mentioned, and the narrators who were cited by the hadith criticism authorities are emphasized. Thereafter, some comments on the text of the narration are given. In this context, it is observed that the narrations generally categorize Habīb al-Najjār's virtues, except for a narration that conveys the way of his martyrdom. These virtues, which can be divided into five different categories: "being rewarded with heaven", "the best death (martyrdom)", "leading/leadership in faith and unity", "veracious" and "uswa hasana", Yusha' bin Noon, Pharaoh's wife Asiyah, the believer of the Pharaoh's family, Maryam, Hamza, Ali; in addition to a distinguished group as mentioned above, it is also on the same level as those who were martyred in the holy wars such as Badr, Uhud, Khandaq, and Hunayn. In the category of "uswa hasana", due to the similarity of the actions of Habīb al-Najjār in the struggle for rights, there is a narration about ʿUrwa b. Masʿūd regarded as similar to him. However, it is seen that the isnads of the said narrations are weak, abandoned, munkar al-hadīth (suspect in hadīth) and false narrators, and no hadiths meeting the criteria of authenticity among the uninterrupted narrations were found. The fact that Ali is mentioned in the same frame with Habīb al-Najjār in the narrations, especially in the narrations that are known to support Ali is regarded as an element that overshadows the authenticity of the narrations in terms of text. At this point, the narration that seems suitable to be used as evidence in terms of authenticity criteria within the said virtue categories is the rumor that ʿUrwa b. Masʿūd regarded as similar to Habīb al-Najjār. Although the uninterrupted versions of this narration are not in a position to be considered as in the other category of marfūʻ narrations regarding their isnads, the famous and large number of "mursal" variants is considered to be a reinforcing factor in the texts of the uninterrupted line. Although there are some disagreements among scholars regarding the acceptance of the hadith, it is seen that the conditions of "fame and being transmitted by many narrators", which are considered necessary for acceptance in general, is realized in this narration. In addition, considering that the narration is mentioned in the sīrah sources, it is possible that if the method of criticizing hadith is applied to these narrations without compromise, some chronological gaps may occur in the unity of the sirah literature. Therefore, it will be sufficient to behave a little more flexible in the acceptance conditions of the narrations related to the sīrah and to consider the basic conditions such as "not contradicting another narration and being reliable". Moreover, the fact that some of the aforementioned mursal methods was deemed as "hasan" by some criticism authorities is a data that supports the opinion on the authenticity of the narration. As a result, it is possible to say that the narration in which ʿUrwa b. Masʿūd is likened to Habīb al-Najjār due to the similarity of action is the most authentic narration suitable for taking evidence comparing it to other narrations.