Mega Kentlerde iyileştirme bahçeleri, Tahran Örneği

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 30, 139 - 156, 15.06.2017

Sima Pouya

Öz

Yapılan araştırmalar, iyileştirme bahçelerinin sadece
hastaneler ve sağlık merkezlerinde değil, kentsel alanlarda da vatandaşlar için
özel bir yeri olduğunu göstermektedir. Kentsel alanlardaki araştırmalar,
vejetasyona sahip kentsel yerleşim sakinlerinin daha fazla sosyal temasta
bulunduğunu vurgulamaktadır. Özellikle Tahran (Iran başkentı) gibi mega
kentlerde nüfus ve yapıların artmasından dolayı, iyileştirme bahçeleri
oluşturmak için açık ve uygun yer belirleme oranı daha düşüktür. Tahran’da
genelikle bahçeler şehir merkezlerinden uzakta tasarlandığından, bu alanların
kullanılabilirliği ve kullanımı, özellikle yaşlılar ve çocuklar için
sınırlıdır. Bu kentte en hızlı büyüyen yapılanmalardan biri, çıplak çatı
alanlarında huzurlu mekanlar oluşturmak için yeşil çatılar veya çatı
bahçelerinin tasarlanmasıdır. Ayrıca peyzaj tasarımcıları yeşil alanların
eksikliğini azaltmak için binanın çatısını yeşilendirmektedir. Çatı ve
iyileştirme bahçeleri göz önünde bulundurulursa, bu iki bahçenin binaların
çatıları ile birleşmesi halkın iyileşmesi ve sağlık problemlerine yardımcı
olmasının yanı sıra çevreye ve ekolojik sisteme katkısı büyüktür. Bu çalışmanın
amacı, Tahran’daki binaların çatısında iyileştirici bahçeler oluşturmak için
gerekli olan bazı faktörlerin ve kriterlerin belirlenmesidir. Bu doğrultuda,
çatı bahçeleri ve iyileştirme bahçelerinin entegrasyonu analiz edilip
değerlendirilmiştir. Bu çalışma sonucunda, Tahran gibi mega kentlerde, bu tür
alanların tasarlanması ileriye dönük bir adım olabilir. Bu alanlar, şehir ve
bölge planlamacıları ve Peyzaj mimarları için çatı alanlarında iyileştirme
bahçelerinin oluşturulmasına yönelik planlama ve tasarım özellikleri sunarak,
bir yol gösterici olabilir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

İyileştirme bahçeleri, Çatı bahçeleri, Planlama, Peyzaj Mimarı, Tahran

Healing Gardens In The Mega Cities; Example Of Tehran

Öz

Studies showed about healing
gardens have confirmed obligation and specific place of these gardens not only
in hospitals and health centers, but in urban spaces for various ages of
citizens. Research in urban settings indicates that residents of urban settings
with more vegetation have higher social contact too. With growing population
and building structures especially in Tehran (capital city of Iran), it is less
likely to designate open and suitable place for to create the healing gardens.
In most cases, as the gardens are designed far from the city centers, the
availability and utilization of the healing gardens are limited specially for
elderly people and children.  One of the
fastest growing tendency in Tehran is the designs of green roofs, or roof
gardens, to create peaceful places on otherwise barren rooftop places. Landscape
designers used to create the roof of building in order to decrease the lack of green
spaces in Tehran. In this research, with regard to benefits and advantages roof
garden and healing garden, the integration of these two garden in the rooftop
buildings, can contribute to the health problems of the residents as well as
providing ecological profits and ecosystem services. The goal of this article
is to provide some factors and criteria which are essential to create healing
gardens in the roof of the buildings in Tehran. To do so, roof gardens and
their integration with healing gardens are analyzed and evaluated. The result
of this article can be an initiative step for creating these kinds of spaces in
the mega cities such as Tehran. Appropriate characteristics of these spaces
planning and designing can be a valuable guide for landscape and urban planners
to create roof healing gardens. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Healing gardens, Roof gardens, Planning, Landscape Architect

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