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İnşaat Sektöründe Malzeme İsraf Yönetimine Yönelik Model Önerisi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 4, 2353 - 2372, 16.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1263468

Öz

Dünyada yapılan istatistiksel çalışmalar, inşaat sektörünün israf oluşturma konusunda en büyük paya sahip sektörlerden biri olduğunu göstermektedir. Fiziksel israflardan biri olan malzeme israfı, dünyadaki kaynakların kullanımı ile doğrudan ilişkili olduğundan dolayı irdelenmesi gerektiği düşünülen önemli bir israf çeşididir. Son yıllarda dünyada yaşanan iklim krizi ve kaynak problemleri nedeni ile dünyada pek çok ülke tarafından bu problemlere çözüm yolları aranmaya başlanmıştır. Döngüsel ekonomi ve çevresel sürdürülebilirlik odaklı geliştirilen bu stratejiler inşaat sektöründe oluşan malzeme israfını da kapsamaktadır. Dolayısı ile, inşaat sektöründeki malzeme israf yönetimi bir ihtiyaç haline gelmiştir. Yapım ve yapım sonrası süreçlerdeki malzeme israfının farkında olmak, malzeme israfını yapım öncesi süreçten başlayarak yönetebilmek ve bunun bir sonucu olarak ülke ölçeğinde önemli bir miktarda ekonomik kazanç elde edebilmek hatta güncel bir yaklaşım olan döngüsel ekonomi stratejisinin önemli bir parçasını oluşturmak mümkündür.
Yapılan bu çalışma ile ülkemizde ve dünyada inşaat sektöründeki malzeme israf farkındalığı, malzeme israf düzeyi ve mevcut malzeme israf yönetim stratejileri araştırılmıştır. Bunun sonucunda, malzeme israfının azaltılması ve yok edilmesi için yapım öncesi, yapım ve yapım sonrası süreçlerde ele alınabilecek temel ilkeler ve uygulanabilirlik tartışılarak inşaat sektörüne uygun bir malzeme israf yönetim model önerisi oluşturulmuştur. Bu model önerisi ile, inşaat sektöründe malzeme israf yönetimi için yapılması gerekenlerin, bina yaşam döngüsündeki üç temel sürece göre tanımlanması hedeflenmiştir. Söz konusu amaca ulaşabilmek için, önce literatür araştırması yapılmış, inşaat sektöründe yapım sürecindeki malzeme israfının durumu ve malzeme israfını yönetmek için geliştirilen mevcut stratejilerin tespiti yapılmıştır. Yapılan tespitin ardından, uygulanan malzeme israf yönetim stratejileri genel anlamda değerlendirilmiş, yapım öncesi, yapım ve yapım sonrası süreçlerde uygulanacak yöntemlerle malzeme israfına, bütüncül yönetim bakış açısı ile bakılması sağlanmıştır.

Kaynakça

  • Ajayi, S. O. (2016). Design, Procurement and Construction Strategies For Minimizing Waste in Construction Projects. (Doktora tezi). University of the West of England, İngiltere.
  • Akinade, O. O., Oyedele, L. O., Munir, K., Bilal, M., Ajayi, S. O., Owolabi, H. A., ... & Bello, S. A. (2016). Evaluation criteria for construction waste management tools: towards a holistic BIM framework. International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development, 7(1), 3-21.
  • Avfall Sverige (2021) Swedish Waste Management: https://www.avfallsverige.se/in-english/swedish-waste-management/
  • BigRentz, I. (2021). Construction Waste Statistics & Tips to Reduce Landfill Debris. Big Rentz: https://www.bigrentz.com/blog/construction-waste-statistics adresinden alındı
  • Birleşmiş Milletler Türkiye. (2022). Birleşmiş Milletler Türkiye: https://turkiye.un.org/tr/sdgs
  • BREEAM (2023). BREEAM: https://bregroup.com/products/breeam/breeam-technical-standards/breeam-new-construction/#NC-tech-manual/
  • Byggföretagen (2019). Resource and Waste Guidelines for Construction and Demolotion: https://byggforetagen.se/app/uploads/2020/02/Resource-and-waste-guidelines-2019.pdf
  • Can, G. (2020). Yapım sürecinde fiziksel olmayan israfların yönetimine yönelik süreç analiz modeli (Doctoral dissertation, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü).
  • Council, C. I. (2017). Report on Strategy for Management and Reduction of Construction and Demolition Waste in Hong Kong. Kwun Tong, Kowloon: Construction Industry Council.
  • El-Haggar, S.M. (2007), Sustainable Industrial Design and Waste Management: Cradle-to-cradle for Sustainable Development, Elsevier Academic Press, Maryland Heights, MO.
  • EPA. (2021). Best Practice Guidelines fort he Preperation of Resource& Waste Management Plans for Construction & Demolition Projects: https://www.epa.ie/publications/circular-economy/resources/CDWasteGuidelines.pdf
  • EPA. (2022). Construction and Demolition Debris: Material-Specific Data: https://www.epa.gov/facts-and-figures-about-materials-waste-and-recycling/construction-and-demolition-debris-material adresinden alındı
  • Eurostat (2023). Eurostat Statistics Explained: Total Waste Generation 2020. Erişim: Şubat 23, 2023: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statisticsexplained/index.php?title=Waste_statistics#Total_waste_generation
  • Hwang, B. G., & Bao Yeo, Z. (2011). Perception on benefits of construction waste management in the Singapore construction industry. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 18(4), 394-406.
  • Koskela, L. (1992) “Application of the new production philosophy to construction”, CIFE (Technical Report) #72,” Stanford, Stanford University, 1992, (s. 5).
  • Küresel Amaçlar. (2022). Küresel amaçlar: https://www.kureselamaclar.org/
  • Minks, W.R. (1994), “The construction contractor’s waste management plan: optimizing control and cost”, Proceedings of the 1st International Conference of CIB-TG16 Sustainable Construction, Tampa, FL, November.
  • Skoyles, E., & Skoyles, J. (1987). Waste prevention on site. London: Mitchell Publishing Co. Ltd.
  • Onaran, S. (2019). SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR YEŞİL HASTANE SÜREÇLERİNDE GÜNCEL KALİTE ANLAYIŞLARI. İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul.
  • Peddavenkatesu, Y., & Naik, B. (2016). Waste Minimisation in Construction Industry. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology , 18023-18030.
  • Stone Cycling. (2021, September 3). 28 Incredible Statistics About Waste Generation: Global, US, UK & European Union: https://www.stonecycling.com/news/statistics-about-waste-generation/
  • Transparency Market Research. (2022). Construction Waste Market - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends, and Forecast 2017 - 2025: https://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/construction-waste-market.html adresinden alındı
  • USGBC. (2023, February 24). USGBC-Leed Rating System: https://www.usgbc.org/credits adresinden alındı
  • Url-1 <https://kelimeler.gen.tr/israf-nedir-ne-demek-167554>Erişim Tarihi: 23.02.2023
  • Url-2 <https://wrap.org.uk/>Erişim Tarihi: 27.02.2023
  • Url-3 < https://www.branz.co.nz/sustainable-building/reducing-building-waste/>Erişim Tarihi: 27.02.2023
  • Url-4 < https://www.env.go.jp/en/laws/recycle/index.html/>Erişim Tarihi: 02.03.2023
  • Url-5 < https://elaw.klri.re.kr/eng_mobile/main.do>Erişim Tarihi: 02.03.2023
  • Url-6 < https://www.construcia.com/en/noticias/which-countries-are-leading-the-change-in-circular-economy/>Erişim Tarihi: 05.03.2023
  • Url-7 < https://ticaret.gov.tr/data/60f1200013b876eb28421b23/MUTABAKAT%20YE%C5%9E%C4%B0L.pdf > Erişim Tarihi: 05.03.2023
  • Url-8 < https://www.csb.gov.tr/>Erişim Tarihi: 24.02.2023
  • Url-9 < http://www.israf.org/>Erişim Tarihi: 27.02.2023
  • WRAP (2008). Achieving effective waste minimisation through design: Guidance on designing out waste for construction clients, design teams and contractors.
  • WRAP (2009). Designing out Waste : a design team guide for buildings.

Model Proposal for Material Waste Management in the Construction Industry

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 4, 2353 - 2372, 16.12.2023
https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1263468

Öz

Statistical studies conducted in the world show that the construction industry is one of the industries with the largest share in creating waste. Material waste, which is one of the physical wastes, is an important type of waste that should be considered because it is directly related to the use of resources in the world. Due to the climate crisis and resource problems experienced in the world in recent years, many countries in the world have begun to seek solutions to these problems. These strategies, developed with a focus on circular economy and environmental sustainability, also include material waste in the construction industry. Therefore, material waste management in the construction industry has become a necessity. It is possible to be aware of material waste in construction and post-construction processes, and to manage material waste starting from the pre-construction process. As a result of this, a significant amount of economic gain can be achieved at the country level and even an important part of the circular economy strategy, which is an up-to-date approach, can be formed.
With this study, material waste awareness, material waste level and current material waste management strategies in the construction industry, in our country and in the world, were investigated. As a result of this, a material waste management model proposal, suitable for the construction industry, was created by discussing the basic principles and applicability that can be addressed in pre-construction, construction, and post-construction processes to reduce and/or eliminate material waste. With this model proposal, it has been aimed to define what needs to be done for material waste management in the construction industry according to three basic processes in the building life cycle. To achieve this aim, firstly, literature research was conducted, the situation of material waste in the construction process in the construction industry and the current strategies developed to manage material waste were determined. After the determination, the material waste management strategies applied were evaluated in general terms, and it was ensured that the material waste was looked at from a holistic management perspective with the methods to be applied in the pre-construction, construction, and post-construction processes.

Kaynakça

  • Ajayi, S. O. (2016). Design, Procurement and Construction Strategies For Minimizing Waste in Construction Projects. (Doktora tezi). University of the West of England, İngiltere.
  • Akinade, O. O., Oyedele, L. O., Munir, K., Bilal, M., Ajayi, S. O., Owolabi, H. A., ... & Bello, S. A. (2016). Evaluation criteria for construction waste management tools: towards a holistic BIM framework. International Journal of Sustainable Building Technology and Urban Development, 7(1), 3-21.
  • Avfall Sverige (2021) Swedish Waste Management: https://www.avfallsverige.se/in-english/swedish-waste-management/
  • BigRentz, I. (2021). Construction Waste Statistics & Tips to Reduce Landfill Debris. Big Rentz: https://www.bigrentz.com/blog/construction-waste-statistics adresinden alındı
  • Birleşmiş Milletler Türkiye. (2022). Birleşmiş Milletler Türkiye: https://turkiye.un.org/tr/sdgs
  • BREEAM (2023). BREEAM: https://bregroup.com/products/breeam/breeam-technical-standards/breeam-new-construction/#NC-tech-manual/
  • Byggföretagen (2019). Resource and Waste Guidelines for Construction and Demolotion: https://byggforetagen.se/app/uploads/2020/02/Resource-and-waste-guidelines-2019.pdf
  • Can, G. (2020). Yapım sürecinde fiziksel olmayan israfların yönetimine yönelik süreç analiz modeli (Doctoral dissertation, Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü).
  • Council, C. I. (2017). Report on Strategy for Management and Reduction of Construction and Demolition Waste in Hong Kong. Kwun Tong, Kowloon: Construction Industry Council.
  • El-Haggar, S.M. (2007), Sustainable Industrial Design and Waste Management: Cradle-to-cradle for Sustainable Development, Elsevier Academic Press, Maryland Heights, MO.
  • EPA. (2021). Best Practice Guidelines fort he Preperation of Resource& Waste Management Plans for Construction & Demolition Projects: https://www.epa.ie/publications/circular-economy/resources/CDWasteGuidelines.pdf
  • EPA. (2022). Construction and Demolition Debris: Material-Specific Data: https://www.epa.gov/facts-and-figures-about-materials-waste-and-recycling/construction-and-demolition-debris-material adresinden alındı
  • Eurostat (2023). Eurostat Statistics Explained: Total Waste Generation 2020. Erişim: Şubat 23, 2023: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statisticsexplained/index.php?title=Waste_statistics#Total_waste_generation
  • Hwang, B. G., & Bao Yeo, Z. (2011). Perception on benefits of construction waste management in the Singapore construction industry. Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management, 18(4), 394-406.
  • Koskela, L. (1992) “Application of the new production philosophy to construction”, CIFE (Technical Report) #72,” Stanford, Stanford University, 1992, (s. 5).
  • Küresel Amaçlar. (2022). Küresel amaçlar: https://www.kureselamaclar.org/
  • Minks, W.R. (1994), “The construction contractor’s waste management plan: optimizing control and cost”, Proceedings of the 1st International Conference of CIB-TG16 Sustainable Construction, Tampa, FL, November.
  • Skoyles, E., & Skoyles, J. (1987). Waste prevention on site. London: Mitchell Publishing Co. Ltd.
  • Onaran, S. (2019). SÜRDÜRÜLEBİLİR YEŞİL HASTANE SÜREÇLERİNDE GÜNCEL KALİTE ANLAYIŞLARI. İstanbul Medipol Üniversitesi, Yüksek Lisans Tezi. İstanbul.
  • Peddavenkatesu, Y., & Naik, B. (2016). Waste Minimisation in Construction Industry. International Journal of Innovative Research in Science, Engineering and Technology , 18023-18030.
  • Stone Cycling. (2021, September 3). 28 Incredible Statistics About Waste Generation: Global, US, UK & European Union: https://www.stonecycling.com/news/statistics-about-waste-generation/
  • Transparency Market Research. (2022). Construction Waste Market - Global Industry Analysis, Size, Share, Growth, Trends, and Forecast 2017 - 2025: https://www.transparencymarketresearch.com/construction-waste-market.html adresinden alındı
  • USGBC. (2023, February 24). USGBC-Leed Rating System: https://www.usgbc.org/credits adresinden alındı
  • Url-1 <https://kelimeler.gen.tr/israf-nedir-ne-demek-167554>Erişim Tarihi: 23.02.2023
  • Url-2 <https://wrap.org.uk/>Erişim Tarihi: 27.02.2023
  • Url-3 < https://www.branz.co.nz/sustainable-building/reducing-building-waste/>Erişim Tarihi: 27.02.2023
  • Url-4 < https://www.env.go.jp/en/laws/recycle/index.html/>Erişim Tarihi: 02.03.2023
  • Url-5 < https://elaw.klri.re.kr/eng_mobile/main.do>Erişim Tarihi: 02.03.2023
  • Url-6 < https://www.construcia.com/en/noticias/which-countries-are-leading-the-change-in-circular-economy/>Erişim Tarihi: 05.03.2023
  • Url-7 < https://ticaret.gov.tr/data/60f1200013b876eb28421b23/MUTABAKAT%20YE%C5%9E%C4%B0L.pdf > Erişim Tarihi: 05.03.2023
  • Url-8 < https://www.csb.gov.tr/>Erişim Tarihi: 24.02.2023
  • Url-9 < http://www.israf.org/>Erişim Tarihi: 27.02.2023
  • WRAP (2008). Achieving effective waste minimisation through design: Guidance on designing out waste for construction clients, design teams and contractors.
  • WRAP (2009). Designing out Waste : a design team guide for buildings.
Toplam 34 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Mimari Tasarım
Bölüm Tüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Gizem Can 0000-0003-2143-541X

Elçin Filiz Taş 0000-0002-8688-9618

Yayımlanma Tarihi 16 Aralık 2023
Gönderilme Tarihi 10 Mart 2023
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2023 Cilt: 16 Sayı: 4

Kaynak Göster

APA Can, G., & Taş, E. F. (2023). İnşaat Sektöründe Malzeme İsraf Yönetimine Yönelik Model Önerisi. Kent Akademisi, 16(4), 2353-2372. https://doi.org/10.35674/kent.1263468

International Refereed and Indexed Journal of Urban Culture and Management | Kent Kültürü ve Yönetimi Uluslararası Hakemli İndeksli Dergi

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