ANTROPOLOJİNİN BARIŞ OPERASYONLARININ BAŞARISINA ETKİSİ: SURİYE ANALİZİ

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 23, 382 - 396, 26.11.2020

Ayça Eminoğlu , Hasan Yılmaz

https://doi.org/10.20990/kilisiibfakademik.720583

Öz

Bu çalışmanın amacı, “Barış müdahalelerinin başarısına antropolojik değerlendirmeler ne oranda katkı sağlayabilmektedir?” sorusuna, ‘hibrit’ (melez) barış inşasına bakarak yanıt aramaktır. Alan yazın taraması neticesinde ortaya çıkarılan bulguların, Suriye iç savaşı vaka analizinde teyidine çalışılmıştır. Antropolojik çalışmaların hibrit barış inşasında uygulanmasının barış girişimlerine katkı sağlayacağı hipotezinden hareket edilmiştir. Yerelde günlük barışın sağlanmasına katkı sağlayan sivil toplum faaliyetlerince kullanılan antropolojik yaklaşımın, yerelde barışın icrasında görev yapan silahlı kuvvetlerce kullanılamadığı düşünülmektedir. Siyasi müzakereler seviyesinde (ulusal ve uluslararası) ise, ‘yüksek politikalar’ nedeniyle antropolojik yaklaşımların kabul edilebilirliğinin düşük olduğu gözlemlenmektedir. Suriye iç savaşı, sivil toplumun (yerel taban örgütlenmeleri ve hükümet dışı oluşumlar) günlük barışa etkin katkı sağlaması, benzer başarının siyasi müzakereler seviyesinde ve yüksek politikaların emrinde olan silahlı kuvvetlerce elde edilememesi olgusuyla bu bulguları teyit eder niteliktedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Hibrit Barış, Antropoloji, Çatışma Çözümü, Suriye İç Savaşı, Barış İnşası

Kaynakça

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