Justice After War In Just War Tradition (Jus Post Bellum)

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 11 Sayı: 2, 385 - 422, 29.09.2022

Erdinç Özdemir

https://doi.org/10.53306/klujfeas.1117031

Öz

Addressing the issues of war and ethics, just war theory applies standards derived from war to the initiation and conduct of war in order to limit the destructiveness of war, minimize harm to civilians, prevent unnecessary damage to property and the environment, and limit violence against combatants. The basic premise of just war theory is that sometimes states can be morally justified in going to war. Its purpose is to provide moral justification for a war through a set of criteria, all of which must be met for it to be considered just. It is traditionally divided into two categories: jus ad bellum (when it is just to start a war) and jus in bello (how it is just to fight war after it has started). However, for a just war theory that deals with the ethics of war and peace to be complete, it must include a third category of moral analysis called jus post bellum. Although the concept of jus post bellum, used to describe the rules and principles applicable to efforts to transition to a just and lasting peace period, is relatively new, its roots go back to ancient times. In this study, thoughts on the tradition of just war and the origin of jus post bellum, definition and characteristics of jus post bellum, the criticism of jus post bellum, the relationship of jus post bellum with other just war components, jus ad bellum and jus in bello, and the need for codification in international law to be discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Jus Post Bellum, just war, justice after war, just peace, Jus Ad Bellum, Jus In Bello., Jus Post Bellum, just war, justice after war, just peace, Jus Ad Bellum, Jus In Bello.

Haklı Savaş Geleneğinde Savaş Sonrası Adalet (Jus Post Bellum)

Öz

Savaş ve etik konularını ele alan haklı savaş kuramı, savaşın yıkıcılığını kısıtlamak, sivillere verilen zararı en aza indirmek, mülklere ve çevreye gereksiz zararı önlemek ve muhariplere karşı şiddeti sınırlamak için savaşın başlatılmasına ve yürütülmesine yine ondan türetilen standartları uygulamaktadır. Haklı savaş teorisinin temel önermesi, bazen devletlerin savaşa girme konusunda ahlaki olarak haklı olabileceğidir. Amacı ise, bir savaşın adil sayılabilmesi için tümünün karşılanması gereken bir dizi kriter aracılığıyla o savaşın ahlaki olarak haklı gösterilmesini sağlamaktır. Geleneksel olarak iki kategoriye ayrılmaktadır: jus ad bellum (savaşı başlatmanın ne zaman haklı olduğu) ve jus in bello (başladıktan sonra savaşın nasıl olması gerektiği). Ancak savaş ve barış etiğini ele alan haklı savaş teorisinin tamam olması için jus post bellum adında üçüncü bir ahlaki analiz kategorisini içermesi gerekmektedir. Adil ve sürekli bir barış dönemine geçiş çabalarına uygulanabilecek kural ve ilkeleri tanımlamada kullanılan jus post bellum kavramı nispeten yeni olsa da kökleri eski zamanlara dek uzanmaktadır. Mevcut çalışmada haklı savaş geleneği ile jus post bellum’un kökenine ilişkin düşünceler, jus post bellum’un tanımı ve özellikleri, kavrama yöneltilen eleştiriler, jus post bellum’un diğer haklı savaş bileşenleri olan jus ad bellum ve jus in bello ile ilişkisi ve uluslararası hukukta kodifikasyon ihtiyacı tartışılmaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Jus Post Bellum, Haklı Savaş, Savaş Sonrası Adalet, Adil Barış, Jus Ad Bellum, Jus In Bello.

Kaynakça

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