Amerika Birleşik Devletleri-İran İlişkileri: Trump Etkisi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 12 Sayı: 2, 275 - 295, 29.09.2023

Emirhan Kaya

https://doi.org/10.53306/klujfeas.1329020

Öz

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri (ABD) ile İran arasında süregelen düşmanlığa rağmen, 2015 yılında Barack Obama’nın başkanlığı döneminde imzalanan nükleer anlaşma, ikili ilişkileri onarma potansiyeli taşıyan bir dönüm noktası olmuştur. Öte yandan, Başkan Donald Trump’ın 2018’de anlaşmadan çekilme kararı alması, pek çok kişinin ikili ilişkilerin istikrara kavuşması ve nükleer tehdidin kontrol altına alınması konusundaki umutlarını yıkmıştır. Son zamanlarda, güç kullanma hâlâ çekici bir seçenek olsa da, Başkan Joe Biden’ın İran ile yeniden angajmana girme olasılığı sorgulanmaktadır. Bu bağlamda makale, sırasıyla Obama, Trump ve Biden’ın başkanlıkları sırasındaki ABD-İran ilişkilerine ışık tutacaktır. Böylece, son dönemde ikili ilişkilerdeki dalgalanma karşılaştırmalı bir bakış açısıyla anlaşılacaktır. Trump’ın İran karşıtı stratejisinin ikili ilişkileri çıkmaza soktuğu ve dış politika mirasının, Obama ve Biden yönetimlerinin İran ile uzlaşma çabalarının önüne geçtiği ileri sürülmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Amerika Birleşik Devletleri, İran, Dış Politika, Yaptırımlar, Nükleer Anlaşma.

United States-Iran Relations: The Trump Impact

Öz

In spite of the ongoing enmity between the United States (U.S.) and Iran, the signing of the 2015 nuclear deal during the Presidency of Barack Obama was a turning point that had a potential to repair the bilateral relations. On the other hand, President Donald Trump’s decision to withdraw from the deal in 2018 dashed hopes of many for the stabilization of bilateral relations as well as the containment of the nuclear threat. Recently, President Joe Biden’s potential reengagement with Iran is being questioned, even though the use force might still be an attractive choice. In that context, the article will shed light on the U.S.-Iran relations during the Presidencies of Obama, Trump and Biden respectively. Thus, the fluctuation in recent bilateral relations will be understood from a comparative perspective. It is argued that the anti-Iran strategy of Trump pushed the bilateral relations into a stalemate and his foreign policy legacy prevailed over the efforts to reconcile with Iran by both Obama and Biden administrations.

Anahtar Kelimeler

The United States of America, Iran, Foreign Policy, Sanctions, Nuclear Deal

Kaynakça

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