YOĞUN BAKIMDA PALYATİF BAKIMIN GEREKLİLİĞİ

Yıl 2017, Cilt: 18 Sayı: 2, 78 - 84, 17.04.2017

Sibel Eyigör Hilal Yeşil

https://doi.org/10.18229/kocatepetip.344628

Öz

ÖZ

Yaşlanan popülasyon ve yaşam süresinin artmasını sağlayan teknolojiler nedeniyle ciddi veya yaşamı tehdit edici hastalıklara sahip bireylerin sayısı giderek artmaktadır. Bu hastalıklar sırasında yaşam kalitesini arttırmak için artan bir şekilde palyatif bakım programları geliştirilmektedir. Palyatif bakımda hizmet, deneyimli ve eğitimli sağlık personeli ve gönüllülerden oluşan bir ekip tarafından sunulmakta ve her ülkenin kendi koşulları içerisinde; hastane ortamında, birinci basamak sağlık alanlarında, ev ortamında ve son dönem evleri veya hospislerde verilmektedir. Yoğun bakım üniteleri, kritik hastaların hızlı ve hayat kurtarıcı müdahaleler aldığı özgün bakım ortamlarıdır. Fizik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon programları gelişmiş ülkelerde pek çok hastanede yoğun bakım ünitelerine entegre olmuş bir bölüm olarak yer almaktadır. Yoğun bakım ünitelerinde hastaların ihtiyaçları ve komplikasyonları göz önünde bulundurulduğunda, bu hastaların yaşam kalitelerinin iyileştirilmesinin önemi akılda tutulması geren bir durum olmalıdır. Fizik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon programları ile hastalardaki optimum respiratuar ve sirkulatuar fonksiyonun sürdürülmesi, kas atrofisi ve kas kısalmasının, eklem kontraktürlerinin önlenmesi, ağrının kontrol edilmesi ve giderilmesi, fonksiyonun ve bağımsızlığın optimize hale getirilmesi, hastaların eğitimi ve bakıcının katılımı hedeflenmektedir. Fizik tedavi ve rehabilitasyon uzmanları, fizyoterapistler ve iş-uğraşı terapistleri multidisipliner palyatif bakım ekibi içerisinde hastaların mobilitesinin, bağımsızlığının ve yaşam kalitesinin arttırılmasına yardımcı olmak için birlikte çalışmaktadırlar. Maalesef palyatif bakım kaynaklarının dağıtımı sırasında fizyoterapi ve rehabilitasyon olasılıklarının yüksek oranda göz ardı edilmekte olduğu ve gerekli kaynak aktarımının yeterince yapılmadığı gözlenmektedir. Biz bu yazımızda palyatif bakımın önemli bir bileşeni olan rehabilitasyonun, yoğun bakım ünitesindeki rolünü, gerekliliğini ve sağladığı faydanın vurgulanması amaçlamaktayız.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Palyatif bakım, rehabilitasyon, yoğun bakım ünitesi, egzersiz, palyatif bakım takımı

Kaynakça

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