Biber Fidelerinde Yapraktan Yapılan Melatonin Uygulamalarıyla Üşüme Stresine Karşı Toleransın Arttırılması

Yıl 2016, Cilt: 19 Sayı: 3, 348 - 354, 29.10.2016

Ahmet Korkmaz , Özlem Demir Ferit Kocaçınar , Yakup Cuci

Öz

ÖZET: Bu çalışmada melatoninin biberde fide aşamasında üşüme stresine karşı tolerans sağlama üzerine etkilerini araştırmak amaçlanmıştır. Sena çeşidi biber fideleri dört tam gerçek yaprağa sahip olduklarında, 0, 1, 5 ve 25 µM melatonin içeren saf (distile) su bitkilerin yapraklarına püskürtülmüştür. Melatonin uygulamalarından 1 gün sonra bitkiler üşüme stresine tabi tutulmuşlardır. Üşüme stresi uygulaması 3 gün sürmüş ve bitkiler 12 saat boyunca 5±1 ^oC (gece, aydınlatma yok) ve 12 saat boyunca da 10±1 ^oC’ye (gündüz, aydınlatma var, ışık şiddeti: 225 µmol m^-2s^-1) maruz bırakılmışlardır. Yapraktan yapılan melatonin uygulamalarının üşüme stresi koşulları altındaki biber fidelerinin gelişmelerini olumlu şekilde etkilediği ve üşüme stresine karşı toleransı arttırdığı gözlemlenmiştir. Melatonin konsantrasyonları karşılaştırıldığında, 5 µM uygulamasının daha etkili olduğu görülmüştür ve 5 µM melatonin ile muamele edilmiş bitkilerde daha az görsel zarar oluşmuş ve fotosentetik aktivite, doku nispi su içeriği ve antioksidan enzim aktiviteleri artmıştır. Bu araştırma sonuçlarına dayanarak, melatoninin biber fidelerine yapraktan 5 µM konsantrasyonunda uygulanmasının üşüme stresine karşı toleransı arttırmada kullanılabilecek bir yöntem olduğu görülmüştür.

Anahtar kelimeler: Biber, Capsicum annuum L.,  melatonin, stres toleransı, üşüme stresi

 

Enhancing Chilling Stress Tolerance in Pepper Seedlings by Foliar Application of Melatonin

 

ABSTRACT:  In this research, the possibilities of improving chilling stress tolerance in pepper (Capsicum annuum L.) at seedling stages were investigated. In order to improve tolerance to chilling stress, melatonin was applied in various concentrations (0, 1, 5 or 25 μM) through foliar spray. After melatonin applications, plants were subjected to chilling stress at (5 ^oC/10 ^oC, night/day) for 3 days. Following stress imposition, the efficacy of melatonin treatments on improving tolerance to chilling stress was determined by various physical measurements and physiological and biochemical analyses. The results indicated that foliar application of melatonin was found to be quite effective in enhancing chilling stress tolerance. Of the melatonin concentrations tested, treating the seedlings with 5 μM of melatonin provided significant protection against chilling stress compared to non-melatonin-treated seedlings. Melatonin treatment enhanced the photosynthetic capacity and boosted antioxidant enzyme activity while reducing visual damage symptoms. Therefore, it could be deduced from the results of the current research that foliar application of melatonin in 5 μM concentrations could be used effectively in enhancing seedling tolerance to chilling stress.

Keywords: melatonin, pepper, Capsicum annuum L., stress tolerance, chilling stress

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