Görsellik ve Hakikat: Türkiye’deki Suriyelilere Dair Sosyal Medya Görsel Paylaşımlarında Hakikat Üretim Pratikleri

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 24 (1) Sayı: 47, 36 - 65, 08.03.2021

Balca Arda

https://doi.org/10.18691/kulturveiletisim.770227

Öz

Sosyal medyada paylaşılan görseller, bugün katılımcı pratiklerin hakikat üretimindeki etkisinin artmasıyla kamuoyu oluşturmakta önemli bir yere sahiptir. Bilgi kaynaklarının geleneksel kitlesel medya kurumlarının tekelinden çıkarak sade vatandaşın çevrimiçi haber oluşturma ve bilgi yayma imkânı elde etmesi, görselin dikkat çekme ve gündem oluşturma amacıyla kullanımını daha da belirginleştirmiştir. Bu makale, Türkiye’deki Suriyeli algısını çevrimiçi kamusal alanda görsel kullanım pratikleri üzerinden incelemektedir. Bu araştırmanın amacı; sosyal medyadaki görüntü tabanlı haberler, görsel-işitsel mesajlar, söylem destekleyici veya oluşturucu argümanlar olan klipler, çok fazla paylaşılan ve hızlı yayılan imaj veya videolarda Suriyelilerin nasıl temsil edildiğini analiz etmektir. Bunun için, Suriyeliler hakkında paylaşılan görseller incelenmiştir. Türkiye’deki Suriyeli imgesinin Twitter sosyal medya platformunda paylaşımını incelemek için #ülkemdesuriyeliistemiyorum ve #suriyelilerkardeşimizdir hashtag’leri (#) altındaki görseller nitel yaklaşımla kategorize edilmiştir. Araştırma sonucunda ortaya çıkarılan veri setleri çok düzlemli söylem çözümlemesi yapılarak analiz edilmiştir. Makale, hakikat üretiminde çevrimiçi katılımcıların yatay bilgi yayma pratiklerini sorgulayarak günümüzdeki bilgi kirliği sorunsalı tartışmasına görsel iletişim yönünden katkı sunmayı amaçlamaktadır. Sosyal medya platformlarında meydana gelen Türkiye’deki Suriyelilere ilişkin tartışmalarda, görüntüleri paylaşan kullanıcıların objektiflik ve tarafsızlık kaygısı taşıdıkları anlaşılmaktadır. Bu analiz, Suriyelilerin Türkiye’deki koruma statüsünün meşruiyetinin çeşitli parametrelere bağlı olduğunun ve Suriyelilere ilişkin söylemin sosyal medyada görsel kanıtlara başvurularak üretildiğini göstermiştir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

göç, görsel iletişim, sosyal medya, Türkiye, Suriyeli, hakikat üretimi

Visuality and the Truth: Practices of Knowledge Production through the Visuals of Syrians in Turkey on the Social Media

Öz

The images become the vehicle for online mass participation of ordinary users to influence media and set the agenda on specific topics among the public. The monopoly of traditional mass media institutions of information sources has been shattered through the horizontal social media practices of knowledge production and dissemination. In this age of truth skepticism, the article examines visual communication methods that activate knowledge production by taking a case study of the host communities’ social media interaction on the Syrian immigrant population living under temporary protection in Turkey. The goal of this article is to identify the role of the information mediators such as clips, memes, GIFs, and videos as image-based news, audiovisual message, to construct arguments in social media. To study contrasting approaches to Syrian refugees in Turkey I further collect images shared under two antagonistic online groupings under the hashtags #ülkemdesuriyeliistemiyorum (I don’t want Syrians in my country) and #suriyelilerkardeşimizdir (Syrians are our siblings). I conducted the multimodal discourse analysis on this visual inventory. By this, this research-based article contributes to the studies on online participatory practices of knowledge production through visual communication. As such users who share images of Syrians in Turkey have concerns about the objectivity and impartiality of their claims. This analysis demonstrates that the legitimacy of Syrians’ status in Turkey depends on various parameters that users in social media refer to through the display of visual evidence.

Anahtar Kelimeler

social media, Syrians, migration, visual communication, knowledge production, Turkey

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