Karbon Emisyonu, Enerji Tüketimi ve Gelir: Avrupa Birliği Ülkeleri İçin Bir Mekansal Ekonometri Analizi

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 7 Sayı: 2, 253 - 274, 31.12.2023

İpek Akad , Ayten Kaya

https://doi.org/10.47140/kusbder.1385185

Öz

Bu çalışmada 26 Avrupa Birliği (AB) üyesi ülkenin 1990 - 2018 dönemi için Mekansal Panel Veri Analizi kullanılarak karbondioksit (CO2) emisyonları, kişi başına düşen gelirleri ve enerji tüketimleri arasındaki ilişki ve bu ülkelerin birbirlerine mekansal etkileri test edilmiştir. Analizde kübik Çevresel Kuznets Eğrisi (ÇKE) modeli kullanılmış olup AB’nin beşinci ve en büyük genişleme dalgası olan 2004 yılı öncesi ve sonrası ele alınarak incelenmiştir. Elde edilen bulgulara göre 26 AB üyesi ülke için genişleme öncesi dönemde ÇKE’nin ters N biçimini almış olduğu genişleme sonrası dönemde ise ÇKE’nin ters U şeklini almış olduğu görülmüştür. Ayrıca modelde kullanılan kontrol değişkeni olan enerji tüketimi ile kişi başına düşen gelir arasında ise pozitif yönlü bir ilişki bulunmuştur. Sonuç olarak 26 AB üyesi ülkenin birbirlerine olan mekansal bağlılığı doğrulanmış ve bu bağlılığın pozitif yönlü olduğu tespit edilmiştir

Anahtar Kelimeler

CO2 Emisyonu, çevresel kuznets eğrisi, mekansal panel veri analizi, enerji tüketimi, iklim değişikliği

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