Biyo-Politikanın Sürdürülebilir Bedenlerinden, Biyo-Kapitalin Kullan-At Bedenlerine

Yıl 2023, Sayı: 110, 97 - 122, 20.06.2023

Osman Özarslan

https://doi.org/10.36484/liberal.1269247

Öz

Biyo-kapital tanımlamasının çeşitliliği sportif faaliyetlerden, taşıyıcı annelik, organ korsanlığı gibi değişik biçimlerde temayüz eden beden teknolojilerine kadar pek çok başlığı içeriyor. Öte yandan, bu çalışmaların giderek genişlemesi, beden için yeni imkanlar yaratırken, beden ile öznellik arasında yeni gerilimlere ve çatışmalara da yol açıyor.
Bu çatışmalı alana biyo-kapital deniliyor olsa da, bu noktaya birdenbire gelinmedi. Zira, modernizm özneyi bir yandan biyolojik bir ünite biyo-politikanın nesnesi olarak beden, diğer yandan da kapitalizmin nesnesi bir ünite, emek, olarak birbiriyle ilişkili iki temel mecrada inşa etti, konumlandırdı. Ne var ki, genetik, tıp, yazılım ve farmakoloji alanındaki gelişmelerle birlikte, endüstriyel kapitalizmin ve modern iktidarın bedeni yerleştirdiği pozisyonlarda temel bir değişiklik ortaya çıktı.
Bu çalışmada, kapitalizmin geleneksel üretim-dolaşım-temellük mekanizmasının hibridleşmesi, biyo-değer ile karşılaşma ve bu hibridleşmenin, kapitalist sistem içinde oluşturduğu alt başlıklar ele alınacak.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Biyo-Kapital, Biyo-Politika, Biyo-Değer, Spekülatif Sermaye

From Sustainable Bodies of Bio-Politics to Disposable Bodies of Bio-Capital

Öz

The spectrum and issues of bio-capital, are wide from sportive activities and bodily technologies to surrogacy motherhood, and organ piracy. On the other hand, while the development of this work opens up new possibilities for the body, it also creates new tensions and conflicts between the body and subjectivity.
Although this conflicted field is called bio-capital, this point was not reached suddenly. For, modernism constructed and positioned the subject in two interrelated basic channels: The body as a biological unit, the object of bio-politics, on the one hand, and labor, the object of capitalism, on the other. However, with advances in genetics, medicine, software and pharmacology, there has been a fundamental shift in the positioning of the body by industrial capitalism and modern power.
In this study, the hybridization of the traditional production-circulation-commodification mechanism of capitalism, the encounter with bio-value and the sub-headings that this hybridization creates within the capitalist system will be discussed.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Bio-capital, Bio-politics, Bio-value, Speculative Capital

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