Arpalık Tepe’de Bulunan Adorant Heykelcikler

Yıl 2019, , 308 - 323, 30.09.2019

Ünal Demirer Esra Sayın

https://doi.org/10.31200/makuubd.612355

Öz

Antalya
İli Serik İlçesi Yumaklar Köyü yakınlarındaki Arpalık Tepe Mevkii’nde Antalya
Müze uzmanları tarafından 1997 yılında yapılan bir kurtarma kazısında,
kaçakçılar tarafından tahrip edilmiş bir kutsal yapı kalıntısı araştırılmıştır.
Yeraltındaki bir mağara ağzında inşa edilmiş, Apollon ve Ana Tanrıça
kültleriyle ilişkili olduğu düşünülen dikdörtgen planlı ve krepidomalı yapının
altındaki mağara girişinde sikkeler, mermer ve pişmiş toprak heykelcikler,
bakır alaşım figürinlerden oluşan ve sayıları 1000’e ulaşan adak eşyaları
bulunmuştur. Çalışmalar alandaki güvenlik olayları nedeniyle tamamlanamamış,
mağara ağzı Jandarma tarafından kapatılarak kurtarma kazısı sonlandırılmıştır.
2008 yılında kaçak kazıyla buldukları eserlerle yakalanan kaçakçılardan tekrar
5 adet bakır alaşım heykelcik ele geçirilmiş olup, kaçakçılar heykelcikleri
Yumaklar Arpalık Tepe’deki mağarada bulduklarını beyan etmişlerdir.

Gerçekleştirilen
bu çalışma ile çıplak ve vurgulanan cinsellik organı ile betimlenen 5 adet
bakır alaşım heykelcik detaylı tanım ve karşılaştırmaları ile kapsamlı bir
şekilde ele alınmıştır. Adorant pozisyondaki duruşları incelenen heykelciklerin
sunu olgusuyla ilişkisi ortaya konulmuştur. Çalışma, kült alanının niteliği ve
tapınım ritüelleri hakkındaki öncül çalışmaların tamamlayıcısı olacaktır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Arpalık Tepe, Bronz, Figürin, Heykelcik

Kaynakça

• Araque Gonzales, R. (2012). Sardinian bronze figurines in their Mediterranean Setting. Praehistorische Zeitschriftt, 87(1), 83-109.
• Barr–Sharrar, B. (1990). How Important Is Provenance? Archaeological and Stylistic Questions in the Attribution of Ancient Bronzes. (J. Walsh, eds.) in: Small bronze sculpture from the ancient world: papers delivered at a symposium / organized by the departments of Antiquities and Antiquities Conservation and held at the J. Paul Getty Museum. California: Getty Museum.
• Barr–Sharrar, B. (2017). Assertions by the Portable: What Can Bronze Statuettes Tell Us about Major Classical Sculpture? (J. M. Daehner, K. Lapatin, A. Spinelli eds.) in: Artistry in Bronze, The Greeks and Their Legacy, XIXth Internaional Congress on Ancient Bronzes. Los Angeles.
• Bartus, D. (2014). A New Roman Terracotta Mould for Lead Mercurius Figurines from Brigieto. Aets and Crafts over the Pasage of the Times, (From the Bronze Age to Late Antiquity), Organized on the occasion of the 20th anniversary of Trnava University and the 15th anniversary of Department of Classical Archaeology, Pezinok, 19 – 21 October 2012, Anodos 11, 2011 (2014), 29–36.
• Brandt, H. (1992). Gesellschaft und Wirtschaft Pamphyliens und Pisidiens in Altertum. Bonn: Dr Rudolf Habelt GmbH.
• Brileva, Olga A. (2012). Ancient Bronze Anthropomorfic Figurines of Caucasus. Proceedings of the ICEA 2010 Tire 2ND International Congress of Eurasian Archaeology East Anatolian and Caucasian Bronze Age Cultures. Edited by A.Semih Güneri. 1 – 5 march 2010. Tire, İzmir, Türkiye, 2013.
• Brundle, L. (2013). The Body on Display: Exploring the Role and Use of Figurines in Early Anglo–Saxon England. Journal of Social Archaeology, 13 (2), 197–219.
• Campbell, L. M. (2005). Anthropomorphic and Zoomorphic Figurines of the Eastern Mediterranean. Iris: The Journal of the Classical Association of Victoria, 18, 65–72.
• Cook, A. B. (1903). Greek Votive Offerings. Folklore, 14(3), 260–291.
• Corbeill, A. (2010). The Republican Body. (R. Morstein-Marxand N. Rosenstein, Ed.) Oxford: Blackwell.
• Davaras, C. (1992). Minoan and Greek Civilization from the Mitsotakis Collection. Athens.
• Depew, M. (1997). Reading Greek Prayers. Classical Antiquity, 16(2), 229–258.
• Fögen, T. (2010). Sermo corporis: Ancient reflections on gestus, vultus and vox. (T. Fögen, M. M. Lee, Eds.) in: Bodies and Boundaries in Graeco–Roman Antiquity. Berlin: De Gruyte.
• Frothingham, A. L. (1911). Medusa, Apollo, and the Great Mother. AJA, 15(3), 349–377.
• Hill, D.K. (1939). One of the Earliest Greek Bronze Statuettes. The Journal of the Walters Art Gallery, 2, 24–35.
• Işın, G. (2006). Yumaklar Arpalıktepe Küçük Buluntuları: Ön Rapor, AST, 23(2), 125–134.
• Işın, G. (2010). The Great God Mamblasenos/Apollo. Bollettino di Arhaeologia on line, D(D1), 1-7.
• Işın, G. (2014). The Sanctuaries and the Cult of Apollo in Southern Pisidia. Anadolu/Anatolia, 40, 109–126.
• Işın, G. (2015). Terracotta Figurines from Arpalık Tepe in Pisidia: Apollon and the Great Mother goddess in a Cave Sanctuary. Figurines de terre cuite en Méditerranée grecque et romaine, Colloque international, 2–6 June 2007/İzmir, 2– Iconographie et contextes, BCH Suppl. 54, 555–570.
• Jimenez Avila, J. (2018). Phoenician Male Bronze Figurines: New Evidence from Huelva and Southern Spain. Folia Phoenica, 2, 199–201.
• Kaufmann-Heinimann, H. (1983). Römische Bronzestatuetten aus Augst und Kaiseraugst. Augst: Amt für Museen und Archäologie des Kantons Basel-Landschaft.Koutroumpaki–Shaw, M. (1987). A Bronze Figurine of a Man from The Sanctuary at Kommos, Crete. Eilapini, 371–389.
• Laflı, E. (2016). Roman Bronze Figurines in the Museum of Ödemiş. Mediterranean Archaeology, 28/29, 117-124.
• Langdon, S. H. (1984). Art, Religion, and Society in the Greek Geometric Period: Bronze Anthropomorphic Votive Figurines. (PhD. Diss.) Indiana University, Indiana. Langdon, S. H. (1987). Gift Exchange in the Geometric Sanctuaries. Boreas, 15, 107–113.
• Langdon, S. H. (1999). Figurines and Social Change: Visualizing Gender in Dark Age Greece. ( L. N. Wicker ve B. Arnold, Eds.) in: From the Ground Up: Beyond Gender Theory in Archaeology, Proceedings of the Fifth Gender and Archaeology Conference, BAR 812, 23–29.
• Lenger, D. S. (2011). Arpalık Tepe Mağarası Kutsal Alanı’ndan Sikkeler. MJH I/2, 145–149.
• Maringer, J. (1979). Adorants in Prehistoric Art: Prehistoric Attitudes and Gestures of Prayer, Numen, 26(2), 215–230.
• Mattusch, C. C. (1995). Two Bronze Herms: Questions of Mass Production in Antiquity. Art Journal, 54 (2), 53–59.
• Minko, S. A. (2014). The Image of the Leader in the Art of Socialist Realism and It’s Transformation in the Works of Sots and Masters, Texts, 4, 96–107.
• Mitchell, S. (1991). The Hellenization of. Pisidia. Meditarch, 4, 119-45.
• Naumann, U. (1976). Subminoische und protogeometrische Bronzeplastik auf Kreta. AM Suppl. 6. Berlin.
• Neugebauer, K. A. (1921). Antike Bronzestatuetten. Berlin: Schoetz [and] Parrhysius.
• Neumann, G. (1965). Gesten und Gebärden in der griechischen Kunst. Berlin: Walter de Gruyter.
• Orphanides, A. G. (1990). The Meaning and the Function of the Bronze Age Terracotta Anthropomorphic Figurines from Cyprus. Report of The Departmant of Antiquities of Cyprus, 45–50.
• Osborne, R. (2004). Hoards, Votives, Offerings: The Archaeology of the Dedicated Object. World Archaeology, 36 (1), 1-10.
• Reyes, A. T. (1992). The Anthropomorphic Bronze Statuettes of Archaic Idalion, Cyprus. The Annual of the BSA, 87, 243–257.
• Robertson, N. (1983). Greek Ritual Begging in Aid of Women's Fertility and Childbirth. Transactions of the American Philological Association, 113,143–169.
• Sakellarakis, Y. (1996). Minoan Religious Influence in the Aegean: The Case of Kythera. The Annual of the British School at Athens, 91, 81–99.
• Sharpe, H. F. (2006). From Hieron And Oikos: The Religious and Secular Use of Hellenıstıc and Greek Imperial Bronze Statuettes. (PhD Diss.). Indiana University, Indiana.
• Stähli, A. (2014). Roman Bronze Statuettes: Copies of Greek Sculpture? (S, Ebbinghaus, Ed.) in: Ancient Bronzes through a Modern Lens, Introductory Essays on the Study of Ancient Mediterranean and Near Eastern Bronzes, 133-146.
• Ştefan, C. (2006). Several Points of View Regarding the Interpretation of Anthropomorphic Figurines. Peuce S. N. III-V, 71-76.
• Tykot, R.H., Prados Torreira, L. & Balmuth, M. S. (2002) Iberian Bronze Figurines: Technological and Stylistic Analysis. From the Parts to the Whole, Acta of the 13th International Bronze Congress, 28th May–1st June 1996, (C. C. Mattusch, A. Brauer, S. E. Knudsen Eds.), JRA Suppl. 39, 27–30.
• Vella Gregory, I. (2007). Thinking Through the Body: The Use of Images as a Medium of Social Expressions. Journal of Mediterranean Studies, 17(1), 23–46.
• Versnel, H. S. (2011). Coping with Gods. Leiden – Boston: Brill.
• Yücel, Ç. Tarihöncesi İnsan Biçimli Figürinler Hakkında Genel Bir Değerlendirme. Dicle Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Dergisi, 21, 228-239.