Karyological Investigate of Endemic Species Taraxacum bellidiforme and Taraxacum revertens

Yıl 2014, Cilt: 26 Sayı: 3, 121 - 136, 16.03.2015

Yaşar Kıran , Osman Gedik İsmail Türkoğlu

https://doi.org/10.7240/mufbed.38704

Öz

The chromosome number and morphology on two endemic species of the genus Taraxacum Wiggers. (Asteraceae) (T. bellidiforme Van Soest., T. revertens G.Hagl.) were investigated using karyological techniques. Sample plants were collected from natural habitats in 2013. The basic chromosome number in these species: x= 8 and chromosome numbers were found to be T. bellidiforme 2n=24, T. revertens 2n=24 and 2n=32 in these species. Chromosomes had median point (M), median region (m), submedian (sm) centromers. Satellit were seen some of the chromosomes of these species.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Chromosome numbers, Karyotype, Mitosis, Taraxacum

Taraxacum bellidiforme ve Taraxacum revertens Endemik Türlerinin Karyolojik Yönden Araştırılması

Öz

Taraxacum Wiggers. cinsine (Asteraceae) ait olan endemik iki türün (T. bellidiforme Van Soest., T. revertens G.Hagl. ) kromozom sayısı ve morfolojisi karyolojik teknikler kullanılarak araştırıldı. Bitki örnekleri 2013 yılında doğal habitatlarından toplandı. Çalışılan bu türlerde temel kromozom sayısı x= 8 dir. Türlerin kromozom sayıları; T. bellidiforme 2n=24, T. revertens 2n=24 ve 2n=32 olarak bulundu. Türlere ait kromozomların noktalı median (M), median (m), submedian (sm) sentromerli olduğu gözlendi. Bu türlerin bazı kromozomlarında satellit görüldü.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kromozom sayısı, Karyotip, Mitoz, Taraxacum

Kaynakça

• Kirschner, J. ve Stepanek, J. (1997). A nomenclatural checklist of supraspecific names in Taraxacum. Taxon., 46, 87-98.
• Kirschner, J. ve Stepanek, J. (2004). New sections in Taraxacum. Folia Geobotanica., 39, 259-274.
• Uhlemann, I., Kirschner, J. ve Stepanek, J. (2004). The genus Taraxacum (Asteraceae) in the Southern Hemisphere. I. The section Antarctica Handel-Mazzetti and notes on dandelions of Australasia, Folia Geobotanica., 39, 205-220.
• Richards, A.J. (1970). Eutriploid facultative agamospermy in Taraxacum. New Phytologist., 69, 761–774.
• Kirschner, J. ve Stepanek, J. (1996). Modes of speciation and evolution of the sections in Taraxacum. Folia Geobotanica et Phytotaxonomica., 31, 415–426.
• Van Dıjk, Pj. (2003). Ecological and evolutionary opportunities of apomixis: insights from Taraxacum and Chondrilla.Philosophical Transactions of Royal Society of London B., 358, 1113–1121
• Martonfıova, L., Majesky, L. ve Martonfı, P. (2007). Polyploidprogeny from crosses between diploid sexuals and tetraploid apomictic pollen donors in Taraxacum sect. Ruderalia. Acta Biologica Cracoviensia Series Botanica.,49, 47–54.
• Richards, A.J. (1973). The origin of Taraxacum agamospecies. Bot. J. Linn. Soc., 66, 189- 211.
• Den Nus, J.C.M., Sterk, A. A. ve Van Der Hammen, H. (1978). Cytological and ecological notes on the Taraxacum sections Eiyhrosperma and Obliqua of the coastal area of the Netherlands. Acta Bot. Neerl., 27, 287-305.
• Moge, M. ve Richardsa, J. (1983). Satellited chromosomes, systematics and phylogeny in Taraxacum (Asteraceae). - P1. Syst. Evol., 141, 219-229.
• Elçi, Ş. (1982). Sitogenetikte Gözlemler ve Araştırma Yöntemleri. Fırat Üniversitesi Fen Edebiyat Fakültesi Yayınları, Elazığ. s 165.
• Levan, A., Fredga, K. ve Sandberg, A. A. (1964). Nomenclature for centromeric position on chromosomes. Hereditas, 52, 201–220.
• Stebbins, G.L. (1971). Chromosomal evolution in higher plants. Edward Arnold, London.
• Romero Zarco, C. (1986). A new method for estimating karyotype asymmetry. Taxon 35, 526–530.
• Mathew, A. ve Mathew, P. M. (1988). Cytological studies on the south Indian Compositae. Glimpses Pl. Res., 8, 1–177.
• Mikoláa, V. ve Mihoková, L. (1993). Synanthropic occurrence of Taraxacum bessarabicum in Kosice, eastern Slovakia. Thaiszia 3, 31–52.
• Hughes, J. ve Richards, A. J. (1988). The genetic structure of populations of sexual and asexual Taraxacum (dandelions). Heredity., 60, 161–171.
• Dvorak, F. ve Dadakova, B. (1978b). In IOPB chromosome number reports LX. Taxon. 27, 223–231
• Doll, R. (1975). Cytotaxonomic contributions to the Taraxacum-flora of Turkey. Pl. Syst. Evol. 123, 199–212
• Yamaguchi, S. (1976). Chromosome numbers of Japanese Taraxacum species. J. Jap. Bot., 51, 52–58
• Den Nijs, J. C. M. ve Sterk A. A. (1982). In IOPB chromosome number reports LXXVI. Taxon. 31, 580–582
• Tzvelev, N. ve Yurtzev, B. (1984). Generis Taraxacum Wigg. (Asteraceae) species novae florae URSS. Nov. Sist. Vysshch. Rast. (Nov. Syst. Pl. Vasc.). 21, 187–202
• Dmitrieva, S. A. (2000). Karyology of the flora of Byelarus. Page 42 in Thesis of the Diss. Doc. Biol. Sci. Minsk.
• Stepanov, N. V. (1992). Chromosome numbers in representatives of some families of higher plants. Bot. Žhurn., 77(2), 113–114
• Cardona, M. A. ve Contandriopoulos, J. (1983). In IOPB chromosome number reports LXXIX. Taxon. 32, 323–324.
• Probatova, N. S., Sokolovskaja, A. P. ve Rudyka, E. G. (1991). Chromosome numbers in some species of vascular plants from the Soviet Far East and other regions of the USSR. Bot. Žhurn. 76, 1174–1178.
• Engelskjon, T. (1979). Chromosome numbers in vascular plants from Norway, including Svalbard. Opera Bot., 52, 1–38
• Kirschner, J. ve Stepanek, J. (1986). Towards a monograph of Taraxacum sect. Palustria. (Studies in Taraxacum 5). Preslia. 58, 97–116.
• Gill, L. S. (1969). A note on the cytomorphology of Taraxacum officinale complex from NW Himalayas. Bull. Bot. Surv. India. 11, 205–206
• Li, Y. k. ve Ge, C. j. (1989). Cytological study on Taraxacum mongolicum H.-M. J. Shandong Coll. Traditional Chin. Med., 13, 63–64.
• Parfenov, V. I. ve Dmitrieva, S. A. (1987). Kariologicheskaja kharakteristika predstavitelej flory sosudistykh rastenij Berezinskogo Biosfernogo Zapovednika. II. Zapov. Belorussii Issl. 11, 62–69