Endokrin Bozucu Kimyasallar: Nonilfenol ve Bisfenol A

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 30 Sayı: 1, 71 - 76, 31.03.2018

Fahriye Zemheri , Cevdet Uğuz

https://doi.org/10.7240/marufbd.337686

Cited By: 6

Öz

Teknoloji
ve bilimin ilerlemesi, insan hayatını önemli ölçüde kolaylaştırmış ancak
çeşitli olumsuzlukları da beraberinde getirmiştir. Çevrede mevcut olan
kimyasallar canlılığı olumsuz yönde etkilemektedir. Bu maddeler gıda katkı
maddeleri, kozmetik ve ilaç sanayide kullanılan kimyasallar, pestisitler,
herbisitler, sigara dumanı ve alkoller gibi bileşiklerdir. Kirleticilerin
canlıların sağlığı üzerindeki olası olumsuz etkileri giderek artmakta özellikle
de canlıların endokrin sistemini etkilemektedir. Endokrin çevre bozucu kimyasalların
başında çoğu endüstride kullanılan nonilfenol (NF) ve bisfenol A (BFA) gibi
bileşikler yer almaktadır. Genelde parçalanabilir olan bu maddeler arıtma
tesislerinde uzaklaştırılabilmelerine rağmen, indirgenmiş konsantrasyonlarda
atık sularla nehir ve çaylara (akarsulara) verilmektedir. Bu şekilde de
biyolojik döngüye katılarak biyokütle tarafından depolanmaktadır. Ksenoöstrojenik
olarak adlandırılan bu kimyasallar, endüstride ve evlerdeki çeşitli
kullanımları yanında, deterjan, sabun ve temizlik maddelerinin ana bileşeni
olarak da büyük önem taşımaktadır. Bu kimyasalların çoğu veya bunların
parçalanma ürünleri mutajenik, östrojenik, toksik veya karsinojenik
olabilmektedir. Ayrıca üreme ve gelişmede görev yapan östrojen, progesteron,
androjen ve diğer hormonların metabolik faaliyetlerini, hormon reseptör
bölgelerine bağlanarak hormon gibi davranarak veya doğal hormonun spesifik
reseptör bölgesine bağlanmasını engelleyerek anti-hormonal etki
gösterebildiğinden, endişelerin ortaya çıkmasına neden olmaktadır. Bu nedenle NF
ve BFA’nın olası dolaylı veya direkt etkilerinin moleküler düzeyde incelenmesi
önem arz etmekte ve önemli araştırma konuları arasında olduğu öngörülmektedir. 

Anahtar Kelimeler

Nonilfenol, Bisfenol A, gen

Endocrine Disruptive Chemicals: Nonylphenol and Bisphenol A

Öz

The improvement of technology and science has facilitated
human, but these brought various negative effects. The chemicals that
exist in the environment affects the vitality negatively. These compounds are
such as food additives, cosmetics and medicines used in industry, pesticides,
herbicides, cigarette smoke and alcohols. The possible negative effects of
pollutants on the health of living beings are increasing. These especially
affect the endocrine system of living things. Endocrine disrupting chemical compounds are nonylphenol (NP) and
bisphenol A (BPA) which are most commonly used in the industry. These degradable materials are removed
at the treatment facility, but reduced concentrations of them are given to
rivers and streams. In this
way, they participate in the biological cycle and stored by the biomass.
These chemicals are called
xenoestrogens, and they have various usage at home and industry. In addition to
these, they have great importance as the main component of detergents,
soaps and cleaners. Most of them or their decomposition
products may be mutagenic, estrogenic, toxic or carcinogenic. In addition, they
could block the metabolic activities of estrogen, progesterone, androgen and
other hormones by means of adhering to the hormone receptor domain or act as
anti-hormonal substances. Therefore, it is important to examine the possible
indirect or direct effects of NP and BPA at the molecular level, and it is
foreseen as an important research topic.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Endocrine disruptive chemicals, Nonlyphenol, Bisphenol A, environment, gene

Kaynakça

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