Clinical Evaluation of Injection of Corticosteroid and Prolotherapy in the Treatment of Plantar Fasciitis

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 2, 249 - 257, 31.05.2022

Emre Çalışal , Selami Karadeniz , Murad Pepe

https://doi.org/10.19127/mbsjohs.1051424

Öz

Objective: Plantar fasciitis is one of the primary causes of heel pain. Several treatment methods are substantial. This study was aimed to evaluate the clinical results of corticosteroids and prolotherapy injection therapies.
Methods: The gender, age, time of symptoms, BMI (body mass index) were specified in 60 patients with symptomatic chronic plantar fasciitis disorder between 2019 and 2020. The patients were randomly divided into two groups as prolotherapy and corticosteroid groups. Foot pain and disability were evaluated via a visual analog scale (VAS) and foot function index (FFI) that interpreted the clinical scores measured at baseline and three months after the injections.
Results: The distribution of age, gender, BMI, and duration were similar between groups. The mean VAS scores and FFI scores of all the groups were not significantly different in the baseline time (p > 0.05). A significant improvement was observed in the FFI and VAS scores of the patients in both injection groups (p < 0.05). The post-treatment VAS scores decreased from 8.03 to 4.93 (p=.003) and 7.76 to 4.23 (p=.002), respectively, in the prolotherapy and corticosteroid groups. The post-treatment FFI scores decreased from 176.1 to 126.9 (p=.004) and 181.5 to 121.1 (p=.002), respectively, in the prolotherapy and corticosteroid groups. The percentile decreases in VAS and FFI scores between groups were higher in favor of the corticosteroid group.
Conclusion: Prolotherapy and corticosteroid injection treatments provide significant functional outcomes in short-term follow-up of the treatment of plantar fasciitis. Corticosteroid injection results in superior clinical healing than prolotherapy.

Anahtar Kelimeler

plantar fasciitis, corticosteroid, prolotherapy

Kaynakça

• 1. Buchbinder R. Plantar fasciitis. N Engl J Med. 2004;350(21):2159-66. doi: 10.1056/NEJMcp032745
• 2. Rompe JD. Plantar fasciopathy. Sports medicine and arthroscopy review. 2009;17(2):100-4. doi: 10.1097/JSA.0b013e3181a3d60e
• 3. Ryan MB, Wong A, Gillies J, Wong J, Taunton J. Sonographically guided intratendinous injections of hyperosmolar dextrose/lidocaine: a pilot study for the treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis. British journal of sports medicine. 2009;43(4):303-6. doi: 10.1136/bjsm.2008.050021
• 4. Diaz-Llopis IV, Rodriguez-Ruiz CM, Mulet-Perry S, Mondejar-Gomez FJ, Climent-Barbera JM, Cholbi-LLobel F. Randomized controlled study of the efficacy of the injection of botulinum toxin type A versus corticosteroids in chronic plantar fasciitis: results at one and six months. Clinical rehabilitation. 2012;26(7):594-606. doi: 10.1177/0269215511426159
• 5. Scioli MW. Platelet-rich plasma injection for proximal plantar fasciitis. Techniques in Foot & Ankle Surgery. 2011;10(1):7-10. doi:10.1097/BTF.0b013e31820b4b63
• 6. Jahangiri A, Moghaddam FR, Najafi S. Hypertonic dextrose versus corticosteroid local injection for the treatment of osteoarthritis in the first carpometacarpal joint: a double-blind randomized clinical trial. J Orthop Sci. 2014;19(5):737-43. doi: 10.1007/s00776-014-0587-2
• 7. Cole C, Seto C, Gazewood J. Plantar fasciitis: evidence-based review of diagnosis and therapy. Am Fam Physician. 2005;72(11):2237-42. https://www.aafp.org/afp/2005/1201/p2237.html
• 8. League AC. Current concepts review: plantar fasciitis. Foot & ankle international. 2008;29(3):358-66. doi: 10.3113/FAI.2008.0358
• 9. Puttaswamaiah R, Chandran P. Degenerative plantar fasciitis: A review of current concepts. The Foot. 2007;17(1):3-9. doi:10.1016/j.foot.2006.07.005 10. Crawford R. Diagnosis and treatment of plantar fasciitis. Am Fam Physician. 2011;84(6):676-82. https://www.aafp.org/afp/2011/0915/afp20110915p676.pdf
• 11. Yildiz Y, Apaydin AH, Seven MM, Orscelik A. The effects of prolotherapy (hypertonic dextrose) in recreational athletes with patellofemoral pain syndrome. Journal of Experimental & Integrative Medicine. 2016;6(2). doi: 10.5455/jeim.210616.or.152
• 12. Bae G, Kim S, Lee S, Lee WY, Lim Y. Prolotherapy for the patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain: systematic review and meta-analysis. Anesthesia and Pain Medicine. 2021;16(1):81. doi: 10.17085/apm.20078
• 13. Lai W-F, Yoon CH, Chiang MT, Hong Y-H, Chen H-C, Song W, et al. The effectiveness of dextrose prolotherapy in plantar fasciitis: A systemic review and meta-analysis. Medicine. 2021;100(51). doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000028216
• 14. Jensen KT, Rabago DP, Best TM, Patterson JJ, Vanderby Jr R. Early inflammatory response of knee ligaments to prolotherapy in a rat model. J Orthop Res. 2008;26(6):816-23. doi: 10.1002/jor.20600
• 15. Rabago D, Best TM, Beamsley M, Patterson J. A systematic review of prolotherapy for chronic musculoskeletal pain. Clin J Sport Med. 2005;15(5):E376. doi: 10.1097/01.jsm.0000173268.05318.a4
• 16. Raissi G, Arbabi A, Rafiei M, Forogh B, Babaei-Ghazani A, Khalifeh Soltani S, et al. Ultrasound-guided injection of dextrose versus corticosteroid in chronic plantar fasciitis management: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial. Foot & Ankle Specialist. 2021:1938640020980924. doi: 10.1177/1938640020980924
• 17. Budiman-Mak E, Conrad KJ, Roach KE. The Foot Function Index: a measure of foot pain and disability. J Clin Epidemiol. 1991;44(6):561-70. doi: 10.1016/0895-4356(91)90220-4
• 18. Akpancar S, Seven MM, Tuzun HY, Gurer L, Ekinci S. Current concepts of prolotherapy in orthopedic surgery. Arch Trauma Res. 2017;6(2):e40447. doi: 10.5812/atr.40447
• 19. Rabago D. Slattengren A. Zgierska A. Prolotherapy in primary care. Primary Care Clin Office Pract. 2010;37:69-80. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2009.09.013.
• 20. Healey K, Chen K. Plantar fasciitis: current diagnostic modalities and treatments. Clin Podiatr Med Surg. 2010;27(3):369-80. doi: 10.1016/j.cpm.2010.03.002
• 21. Liu YK, Tipton CM, Matches RD, Bedford TG, Maynard JA, Walmer HC. An in-situ study of a sclerosing solution in rabbit medial collateral ligaments and its junction strength. Connect Tissue Res. 1983;11(2-3):95-102. doi: 10.3109/03008208309004846
• 22. Rabago D, Slattengren A, Zgierska A. Prolotherapy in primary care practice. Primary Care: Clinics in Office Practice. 2010;37(1):65-80. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2009.09.013
• 23. Distel LM, Best TM. Prolotherapy: a clinical review of its role in treating chronic musculoskeletal pain. PM&R. 2011;3:S78-S81. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2011.04.003
• 24. Kim E, Lee JH. Autologous platelet-rich plasma versus dextrose prolotherapy for the treatment of chronic recalcitrant plantar fasciitis. PM&R. 2014;6(2):152-8. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2013.07.003
• 25. Li Z, Xia C, Yu A, Qi B. Ultrasound-versus palpation-guided injection of corticosteroid for plantar fasciitis: a meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2014;9(3). doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092671
• 26. Kane D, Greaney T, Shanahan M, Duffy G, Bresnihan B, Gibney R, et al. The role of ultrasonography in the diagnosis and management of idiopathic plantar fasciitis. Rheumatology. 2001;40(9):1002-8. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/40.9.1002
• 27. Ersen O, Koca K, Akpancar S, Seven MM, Akyildiz F, Yildiz Y, et al. A randomized-controlled trial of prolotherapy injections in the treatment of plantar fasciitis. Turkish Journal of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation. 2018;64(1):59. doi: 10.5606/tftrd.2018.944
• 28. Lana J, Santana M, Belangero W, Luzo A. Platelet-rich plasma. Lecture Notes in Bioengineering, doi. 2014;10:978-3.
• 29. Tsai W-C, Wang C-L, Tang F-T, Hsu T-C, Hsu K-H, Wong M-K. Treatment of proximal plantar fasciitis with ultrasound-guided steroid injection. Arch Phys Med Rehabil. 2000;81(10):1416-21. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0092671
• 30. Kane D, Greaney T, Bresnihan B, Gibney R, FitzGerald O. Ultrasound guided injection of recalcitrant plantar fasciitis. Ann Rheum Dis. 1998;57(6):383-. doi: 10.1136/ard.57.6.383
• 31. Roberts WO. Plantar fascia injection. The Physician and sportsmedicine. 1999;27(9):101-2. doi: 10.3810/psm.1999.09.1014
• 32. Acevedo JI, Beskin JL. Complications of plantar fascia rupture associated with corticosteroid injection. Foot & Ankle International. 1998;19(2):91-7. doi: 10.1177/107110079801900207
• 33. Sellman JR. Plantar fascia rupture associated with corticosteroid injection. Foot & ankle international. 1994;15(7):376-81. doi: 10.1177/107110079401500706
• 34. Gidumal R, Evanski P. Calcaneal osteomyelitis following steroid injection: a case report. Foot & ankle. 1985;6(1):44-6. doi: 10.1177/107110078500600109
• 35. Ball EM, McKeeman HM, Patterson C, Burns J, Yau WH, Moore OA, et al. Steroid injection for inferior heel pain: a randomised controlled trial. Ann Rheum Dis. 2013;72(6):996-1002. doi: 10.1136/annrheumdis-2012-201508
• 36. Crawford F, Atkins D, Young P, Edwards J. Steroid injection for heel pain: evidence of short-term effectiveness. A randomized controlled trial. Rheumatology. 1999;38(10):974-7. doi: 10.1093/rheumatology/38.10.974
• 37. Mahindra P, Yamin M, Selhi HS, Singla S, Soni A. Chronic plantar fasciitis: effect of platelet-rich plasma, corticosteroid, and placebo. Orthopedics. 2016;39(2):e285-e9. doi: 10.3928/01477447-20160222-01
• 38. Shetty VD, Dhillon M, Hegde C, Jagtap P, Shetty S. A study to compare the efficacy of corticosteroid therapy with platelet-rich plasma therapy in recalcitrant plantar fasciitis: a preliminary report. Foot and Ankle Surgery. 2014;20(1):10-3. doi: 10.1016/j.fas.2013.08.002