Indoor Environmental Quality in Residential Care Facilities: A Scoping Review with Design Focus

Yıl 2023, Cilt: 8 Sayı: 1 - JASA_2023, 8(1), 123 - 145, 31.07.2023

Arzu Cılasun Kunduracı , Selin Karagözler , Zeynep Sevinç Karcı

https://doi.org/10.30785/mbud.1223526

Öz

Elderly adults experience physical and cognitive deterioration, which makes them more dependent on others for their daily needs. It is not always possible to provide adequate care in their own homes, emphasizing the crucial need for qualified residential care facilities (RCFs). Given that elderly spend most of their time indoors, it's crucial to provide a good indoor environment quality (IEQ) at RCF. Using the PRISMA scoping review approach, this study seeks to review the body of knowledge about IEQ elements of RCFs. A keyword search yielded 1044 possible papers; however, after removing irrelevant articles and duplications, only 94 papers remained to be reviewed. A snowball search was used to add 32 papers, and finally 126 papers were included in this paper.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Design for elderly, elderly care, indoor environmental comfort, indoor environmental quality, residential care facility

Destekleyen Kurum

TUBITAK

Proje Numarası

1002 - Research No: 220K287

Teşekkür

This research was supported by TUBITAK under Grant 1002 (Research No: 220K287) and their contributions are gratefully acknowledged. The article complies with national and international research and publication ethics. Ethics Committee approval was not required for the study.

Kurumsal Yaşlı Bakım Alanlarında İç Mekân Çevre Kalitesi: Tasarım Odaklı Araştırma Makalesi

Öz

Yaşlı bireylerin fiziksel ve bilişsel işlevlerinin azalması, yaşamlarını başkalarına bağımlı olarak sürdürmeye neden olmaktadır. Bireylerin evlerinde sürekli bakım sağlamaya uygun koşullar bulunmadığında yaşlı kurumsal bakım alanların acil ihtiyacı karşılamaktadır. Yaşlı bireyler zamanlarının çoğunu iç mekanlarda geçirdikleri için, tesislerin yeterli iç ortam kalitesini sağlaması hayati önem taşır. Bu makalede, tesislerin iç mekân çevre kalitesi ile ilgili var olan literatürün incelenmesi amaçlanmaktadır. Makalede PRISMA kapsam belirleme yaklaşımı benimsenmiştir. Belirlenen anahtar kelimeler ile yapılan arama sonucunda 1044 potansiyel makale tespit edilmiştir, ancak kapsam dışı makaleler ve tekrarlar elendikten sonra geriye analiz edilecek 94 makale kalmıştır. Kartopu yöntemi ile 32 adet makale eklenmiş olup, toplamda 126 adet makale araştırmaya dahil edilmiştir. Elde edilen sonuclara göre; gürültü kontrolü için izolasyon uygulanması ve bölgeleme yapılmasının, günışığı kullanımını arttırırken, kamaşmaya karşı kolay kullanımlı kontrol seçeneklerinin tercih edilmesinin, doğal havalandırmanın etkin şekilde kullanımına ek olarak kullanıcıların kolay kontrol edebileceği HVAC sistemlerinin kullanımının kurumsal yaşlı bakım alanlarında iç mekân çevre kalitesinin iyileştirilmesine katkıda bulunduğunu göstermektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Yaşlılar için tasarım, yaşlı bakım, iç mekân çevre konforu, iç mekân çevre kalitesi, yaşlı kurumsal bakım alanları

Proje Numarası

1002 - Research No: 220K287

Kaynakça

• Aalto University School of Science and Technology Department of Electronics Lighting Unit. (2010). Guidebook on Energy Efficient Electric Lighting for Buildings (L. Halonen, E. Tetri, & P. Bhusal, Eds.). Aalto University School of Science and Technology.
• Aletta, F., Botteldooren, D., Thomas, P., Mynsbrugge, T., Vander De Vriendt, P., Van de Velde, D., & Devos, P. (2017). Monitoring sound levels and soundscape quality in the living rooms of nursing homes: A case study in Flanders (Belgium). Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 7(9), 1–18. https://doi.org/10.3390/app7090874
• Almeida-Silva, M., Almeida, S. M., Pegas, P. N., Nunes, T., Alves, C. A. & Wolterbeek, H. T. (2015). Exposure and dose assessment to particle components among an elderly population. Atmospheric Environment, 102, 156–166. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2014.11.063
• Almeida-Silva, M., Almeida, S. M. & Wolterbeek, H. T. (2014). Multi-elemental characterization of indoor aerosols in elderly care centers. Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry, 300(2), 679–684. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-014-2997-1
• Almeida-Silva, M., Wolterbeek, H. T. & Almeida, S. M. (2014). Elderly exposure to indoor air pollutants. Atmospheric Environment, 85(December 2020), 54–63. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2013.11.061
• Altomonte, S. (2008). Daylight for Energy Savings and Psycho-Physiological Well-Being in Sustainable Built Environments. Journal of Sustainable Development, 1(3), 3–16. https://doi.org/10.5539/jsd.v1n3p3
• Arksey, H. & O’Malley, L. (2005). Scoping studies: Towards a methodological framework. International Journal of Social Research Methodology: Theory and Practice, 8(1), 19–32. https://doi.org/10.1080/1364557032000119616
• Arnold, K., Teixeira, J. P., Mendes, A., Madureira, J., Costa, S. & Salamova, A. (2018). A pilot study on semivolatile organic compounds in senior care facilities: Implications for older adult exposures. Environmental Pollution, 240, 908–915. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2018.05.017
• ASHRAE Handbook Committee. (2001). ASHRAE Fundamental Handbook.
• Belo, J., Carreiro-Martins, P., Papoila, A. L., Palmeiro, T., Caires, I., Alves, M., Nogueira, S., Aguiar, F., Mendes, A., Cano, M., Botelho, M. A., & Neuparth, N. (2019). The impact of indoor air quality on respiratory health of older people living in nursing homes: spirometric and exhaled breath condensate assessments. Journal of Environmental Science and Health -Part A Toxic/Hazardous Substances and Environmental Engineering, 54 (12), 1153–1158. https://doi.org/10.1080/10934529.2019.1637206
• Benbow, W. (2018). Lighting and Noise Design in Dementia Care Facilities, Canadian Nursing Home, Vol.24, October, 2013. 24(October).
• Bentayeb, M., Norback, D., Bednarek, M., Bernard, A., Cai, G., Cerrai, S., Eleftheriou, K. K., Gratziou, C., Holst, G. J., Lavaud, F., Nasilowski, J., Sestini, P., Sarno, G., Sigsgaard, T., Wieslander, G., Zielinski, J., Viegi, G. & Annesi- Maesano, I. (2015). Indoor air quality, ventilation and respiratory health in elderly residents living in nursing homes in Europe. European Respiratory Journal, 45(5), 1228–1238. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.00082414
• Berglund, B., Lindvall, T. & Schwela, D. (1995). Guidelines for Community Noise. In Noise & Vibration Worldwide (Vol. 31, Issue 4, pp. 1–141). World Health Organization. http://multi-science.metapress.com/openurl.asp? genre=article&id=doi:10.1260/0957456001497535
• Bharathan, T., Glodan, D., Ramesh, A., Vardhini, B., Baccash, E., Kiselev, P. & Goldenberg, G. (2007). What Do Patterns of Noise in a Teaching Hospital and Nursing Home Suggest? Noise and Health, 9(35), 31–34. https://doi.org/10.4103/1463-1741.36977
• Brawley, E. C. (2001). Environmental design for Alzheimer’s disease: A quality of life issue. Aging and Mental Health, 5(SUPPL. 1). https://doi.org/10.1080/13607860120044846
• Brawley, E. C. (2009). Enriching lighting design. NeuroRehabilitation, 25(3), 189–199. https://doi.org/10.3233/NRE- 2009-0515
• Browning, M. H. E. M. E. M., Lee, K. & Wolf, K. L. (2019). Tree cover shows an inverse relationship with depressive symptoms in elderly residents living in U.S. nursing homes. Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 41(March), 23–32. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2019.03.002
• Carlson, E. & Bengtsson, M. (2014). The uniqueness of elderly care: Registered nurses’ experience as preceptors during clinical practice in nursing homes and home-based care. Nurse Education Today, 34(4), 569–573. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nedt.2013.07.017
• Cena, K. M., Spotila, J. R. & Ryan, E. B. (1988). Effect of behavioral strategies and activity on thermal comfort of the elderly.
• Cheng, Y., Rosenberg, M. W., Wang, W., Yang, L. & Li, H. (2011). Aging, health and place in residential care facilities in Beijing, China. Social Science & Medicine, 72(3), 365–372. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2010.10.008
• Cleary, M., Raeburn, T., West, S. & Childs, C. (2019). The environmental temperature of the residential care home: Role in thermal comfort and mental health? Contemporary Nurse, 55(1), 38–46. https://doi.org/10.1080/10376178.2019.1583068
• Connell, B. (2004). Effect of environmental interventions on noise in nursing homes. In The Gerontologist (Vol. 44, p. 77). https://doi.org/info:doi/
• Darton, R., Bäumker, T., Callaghan, L. & Netten, A. (2011). Improving housing with care choices for older people: the PSSRU evaluation of extra care housing. Housing, Care and Support, 14(3), 77–82. https://doi.org/10.1108/14608791111199741
• De Lepeleire, J., Bouwen, A., de Coninck, L., & Buntinx, F. (2007). Insufficient Lighting in Nursing Homes. Journal of the American Medical Directors Association, 8(5), 314–317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jamda.2007.01.003
• Devos, P., Aletta, F., Thomas, P., Mynsbrugge, T. Vander, Petrovic, M., Van de Velde, D., De Vriendt, P. & Botteldooren, D. (2020). Application of a prediction model for ambient noise levels and acoustical capacity for living rooms in nursing homes hosting older people with dementia. Applied Sciences (Switzerland), 10(12), 1–13. https://doi.org/10.3390/APP10124205
• Devos, P., Aletta, F., Thomas, P., Petrovic, M., Mynsbrugge, T. Vander, Van De Velde, D., De Vriendt, P. & Botteldooren, D. (2019). Designing supportive soundscapes for nursing home residents with dementia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(24). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16244904
• Djongyang, N., Tchinda, R. & Njomo, D. (2010). Thermal comfort: A review paper. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 14(9), 2626–2640. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2010.07.040
• Drageset, J., Kirkevold, M. & Espehaug, B. (2011). Loneliness and social support among nursing home residents without cognitive impairment: A questionnaire survey. International Journal of Nursing Studies, 48(5), 611–619. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2010.09.008
• Ellis, E. V., Gonzalez, E. W. & McEachron, D. L. (2013). Chronobioengineering indoor lighting to enhance facilities for ageing and Alzheimer’s disorder. Intelligent Buildings International, 5(SUPPL1), 48–60. https://doi.org/10.1080/17508975.2013.807764
• Fanger, P. O. (1970). Thermal comfort. Analysis and applications in environmental engineering. … Comfort Analysis and Applications in Environmental ….
• Figueiro, M. G., Plitnick, B., Roohan, C., Sahin, L., Kalsher, M. & Rea, M. S. (2019). Effects of a tailored lighting intervention on sleep quality, rest-activity, mood, and behavior in older adults with Alzheimer disease and related dementias: A randomized clinical trial. Journal of Clinical Sleep Medicine, 15(12), 1757–1767. https://doi.org/10.5664/jcsm.8078
• GB 50340-2016 Code for Design of Residential Building for the Aged. (2016).
• Gharaveis, A., Shepley, M. M. C. & Gaines, K. (2016). The Role of Daylighting in Skilled Nursing Short-Term Rehabilitation Facilities. Health Environments Research and Design Journal, 9(2), 105–118. https://doi.org/10.1177/1937586715607835
• Gustavsson, J., Rahm, G. B., Jernbro, C. & Nilson, F. (2017). Effects of Impact-Absorbing Flooring in Residential Care from the Perspectives of Enrolled Nurses. Journal of Housing for the Elderly, 31(4), 367–381. https://doi.org/10.1080/02763893.2017.1335670
• Hallit, S., Daher, M.-C., Hallit, R., Hachem, D., Kheir, N. & Salameh, P. (2020). Correlates associated with mental health and nutritional status in Lebanese older adults: A cross-sectional study. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 87, 103879. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2019.05.004
• Harris, R. W. & Reitz, M. Lou. (1985). Effects of room reverberation and noise on speech discrimination by the elderly. International Journal of Audiology, 24(5), 319–324. https://doi.org/10.3109/00206098509078350
• Hegde, A. L. & Rhodes, R. (2010). Assessment of lighting in independent living facilities and residents’ perceptions. Journal of Applied Gerontology, 29(3), 381–390. https://doi.org/10.1177/0733464809343105
• Henshaw, V. & Guy, S. (2015). Embodied thermal environments: an examination of older-people’s sensory experiences in a variety of residential types. Energy Policy, 84, 233–240. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enpol.2014.11.018
• Hoof, J. & Hensen, J. (2006). Thermal comfort and older adults. Gerontechnology, 4, 223–228. https://doi.org/10.4017/gt.2006.04.04.006.00
• Hoof, J., Schellen, L., Soebarto, V., Wong, J. K. W. & Kazak, J. (2017). Ten questions concerning thermal comfort and ageing. Building and Environment. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.05.008
• Hsieh, Y. P., Lin, C. C. & Huang, Y. C. (2012). Exploration of long-term care institution managers’ perceptions of institutional indoor environment quality and ease of administration. Care Management Journals, 13(3), 121–133. https://doi.org/10.1891/1521-0987.13.3.121
• Jakubiec, J. A. & Reinhart, C. (2011). The ‘Adaptive Zone’ – A Concept For Assessing Glare Throughout Daylit Spaces. Building Simulation.
• Jiao, Y., Yu, H., Wang, T., An, Y. & Yu, Y. (2017). Thermal comfort and adaptation of the elderly in free-running environments in Shanghai, China. Building and Environment, 118, 259–272. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2017.03.038
• Jones, A. P. (1999). Indoor air quality and health. Atmospheric Environment, 33, 4535–4564. https://doi.org/10.1016/S1474-8177(02)80006-7
• Joseph, A., Choi, Y. S. & Quan, X. (2016). Impact of the physical environment of residential health, care, and support facilities (RHCSF) on staff and residents: A systematic review of the literature. Environment and Behavior, 48(10), 1203–1241. https://doi.org/10.1177/0013916515597027
• K. B. Ginn, M. Sc. (1980). Architectural acoustics. Contemporary Physics, 21(2), 139–158. https://doi.org/10.1080/00107518008210950
• Konis, K., Mack, W. J. & Schneider, E. L. (2018). Pilot study to examine the effects of indoor daylight exposure on depression and other neuropsychiatric symptoms in people living with dementia in long-term care communities. Clinical Interventions in Aging, 13, 1071–1077. https://doi.org/10.2147/CIA.S165224
• Kunduraci, A. C. (2017). Lighting design for the aging eyes. MATTER: International Journal of Science and Technology, 3(3), 185–194. https://doi.org/10.20319/mijst.2017.33.185194
• Lapp, M., Quadéri, A., & Corveleyn, X. (2019). Schema therapy in depression of elderly in homecare: Three AB single case experimental design in multiple baseline. Pratiques Psychologiques, 25(2), 183–204. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.prps.2018.12.002
• Law, T. (2013). Literature Review: Thermal Comfort and Air-Conditioning. In The Futre of Thermal Comfort in an Energy-Constrained World. Springer International Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00149-4
• Lee, K., Jeong, S. & Hirate, K. (2009a). An ınvestigation into midnight lighting for the elderly. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 8(1), 237–241. https://doi.org/10.3130/jaabe.8.237
• Lee, K., Jeong, S. & Hirate, K. (2009b). An investigation into midnight lighting for the elderly -focusing on residence type-. Journal of Asian Architecture and Building Engineering, 8(1), 237–241. https://doi.org/10.3130/jaabe.8.237
• Leung, M., Yu, J. & Chow, H. (2016). Impact of indoor facilities management on the quality of life of the elderly in public housing. Facilities, 34(9/10), 564–579.
• Leung, M. yung, Chan, I. Y. S. & Olomolaiye, P. (2013). Relationships between facility management, risks and health of elderly in care and attention homes. Facilities, 31(13), 659–680. https://doi.org/10.1108/f-10-2011-0080
• Leung, M. yung, Wang, C. & Chan, I. Y. S. S. (2019). A qualitative and quantitative investigation of effects of indoor built environment for people with dementia in care and attention homes. Building and Environment, 157(January), 89–100. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.04.019
• Leung, M. yung, Wang, C. & Wei, X. (2020). Structural model for the relationships between indoor built environment and behaviors of residents with dementia in care and attention homes. Building and Environment, 169 (July 2019), 106532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106532
• Leung, M. yung, Yu, J., Dongyu, C. & Yuan, T. (2014). A case study exploring FM components for elderly in care and attention homes using post occupancy evaluation. Facilities, 32(11), 685–708. https://doi.org/10.1108/F-11- 2012-0086
• Madureira, J., Paciência, I., Rufo, J. C., Pereira, C., Teixeira, J. P. & de Oliveira Fernandes, E. (2015). Assessment and determinants of airborne bacterial and fungal concentrations in different indoor environments: Homes, child day-care centres, primary schools and elderly care centres. Atmospheric Environment, 109, 139–146. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2015.03.026
• Maio, S., Sarno, G., Baldacci, S., Annesi-Maesano, I. & Viegi, G. (2015). Air quality of nursing homes and its effect on the lung health of elderly residents. Expert Review of Respiratory Medicine, 9(6), 671–673. https://doi.org/10.1586/17476348.2015.1105742
• Mays, N., Roberts, E. & Popay, J. (2001). Sythesising research evidence. In N. Fulop, N; Allen, P; Clarke, A; Black (Ed.), Studying the organisation and delivery of health services: research methods. Routledge.
• Meade, R. D., Akerman, A. P., Notley, S. R., McGinn, R., Poirier, P., Gosselin, P. & Kenny, G. P. (2020). Physiological factors characterizing heat-vulnerable older adults: A narrative review. Environment International, 144(September), 105909. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envint.2020.105909
• Mei, Y. Y., Marquard, J., Jacelon, C. & DeFeo, A. L. (2013). Designing and evaluating an electronic patient falls reporting system: Perspectives for the implementation of health information technology in long-term residential care facilities. International Journal of Medical Informatics, 82(11), e294–e306. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijmedinf.2011.03.008
• Mendes, A., Papoila, A. L., Carreiro-Martins, P., Aguiar, L., Bonassi, S., Caires, I., Palmeiro, T., Ribeiro, Á. S., Neves, P., Pereira, C., Botelho, A., Neuparth, N. & Teixeira, J. P. (2017). The Influence of Thermal Comfort on the Quality of Life of Nursing Home Residents. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health- Part A: Current Issues, 80(13–15), 729–739. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2017.1286929
• Mendes, A., Papoila, A. L., Carreiro-Martins, P., Bonassi, S., Caires, I., Palmeiro, T., Aguiar, L., Pereira, C., Neves, P., Mendes, D., Silveira Botelho, M. A., Neuparth, N. & Teixeira, J. P. (2016). The impact of indoor air quality and contaminants on respiratory health of older people living in long-term care residences in Porto. Age and Ageing, 45(1), 136–142. https://doi.org/10.1093/ageing/afv157
• Mendes, A., Pereira, C., Mendes, D., Aguiar, L., Neves, P., Silva, S., Batterman, S., & Teixeira, J. P. (2013). Indoor air quality and thermal comfort-results of a pilot study in elderly care centers in portugal. Journal of Toxicology and Environmental Health-Part A: Current Issues, 76(4–5), 333–344. https://doi.org/10.1080/15287394.2013.757213
• M, I. I., T, S., M, I. I., T, M., A, G., K, O., Imaizumi, M., Suzuki, T., Ikeda, M., Matsuzuka, T., Goto, A. & Omori, K. (2020). Implementing a flexible endoscopic evaluation of swallowing at elderly care facilities to reveal characteristics of elderly subjects who screened positive for a swallowing disorder. Auris Nasus Larynx, 47(4), 602–608. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.anl.2020.02.004
• Mobley, C., Leigh, K. & Malinin, L. (2017). Examining relationships between physical environments and behaviors of residents with dementia in a retrofit special care unit. Journal of Interior Design, 42(2), 49–69. https://doi.org/10.1111/joid.12094
• Moore, K. J., Hill, K. D., Robinson, A. L., Haines, T. P., Haralambous, B. & Nitz, J. C. (2011). The state of physical environments in Australian residential aged care facilities. Australian Health Review, 35(4), 412–417. https://doi.org/10.1071/AH10932
• Mui, K. W., Wong, L. T., Fong, K. N. K. & Wong, W. W. Y. (2008). Evaluation of ındoor environment quality of elderly centers of Hong Kong. International Journal for Housing Science, 32(2), 121–131.
• Neikrug, A. B. & Ancoli-Israel, S. (2010). Sleep disturbances in nursing homes. The Journal of Nutrition, Health & Aging, 14(3), 207–211. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-0-12-378610-4.00519-2
• Nimlyat, P. S., Kandar, M. Z., Stephen, P. & Zin, M. (2015). Appraisal of indoor environmental quality (IEQ) in healthcare facilities: A literature review. Sustainable Cities and Society, 17, 61–68. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scs.2015.04.002
• Nioi, A., Roe, J., Gow, A., McNair, D. & Aspinall, P. (2017). Seasonal differences in light exposure and the associations with health and well-being in older adults living. HERD: Health Environments Research & Design Journal, 10(5), 193758671769765. https://doi.org/10.1177/1937586717697650
• Olsen, C., Pedersen, I., Bergland, A., Enders-Slegers, M. J., Jøranson, N., Calogiuri, G. & Ihlebæk, C. (2016). Differences in quality of life in home-dwelling persons and nursing home residents with dementia-A cross- sectional study. BMC Geriatrics, 16(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12877-016-0312-4
• Peng, J., Zeng, Y., Zhao, L. & Zeng, J. (2018). An investigation of acoustical environments in the elderly care facilities. Applied Acoustics, 137 (March), 45–50. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2018.03.009
• Pérez-Ros, P., Martínez-Arnau, F. M., Orti-Lucas, R. M. & Tarazona-Santabalbina, F. J. (2019). A predictive model of isolated and recurrent falls in functionally independent community-dwelling older adults. Brazilian Journal of Physical Therapy, 23(1), 19–26. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bjpt.2018.05.005
• Philips, D. (2004). Daylighting; Natural Light in Architecture.
• Pinto, M., Lanzinha, J., Viegas, J., Infante, C. & Freire, T. (2019). Quality of the indoor environment in elderly care centers in two cities in central Portugal: Viseu and Covilhã. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(20). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16203801
• Pollock, D., Davies, E. L., Peters, M. D. J., Tricco, A. C., Alexander, L., McInerney, P., Godfrey, C. M., Khalil, H. & Munn, Z. (2021). Undertaking a scoping review: A practical guide for nursing and midwifery students, clinicians, researchers, and academics. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 77(4), 2102–2113. https://doi.org/10.1111/jan.14743
• Razavi, Z. (2012). Acoustical Challenges in Long Term Care facilities. Canadian Acoustics-Acoustique Canadienne, 40(3), 96–97.
• Robertson, A., Hedges, R. & Rideout, N. (2010). Optimisation and design of ducted daylight systems. Lighting Research and Technology, 42(2), 161–181. https://doi.org/10.1177/1477153509355500
• Robinovitch, S. N., Feldman, F., Yang, Y., Schonnop, R., Leung, P. M., Sarraf, T., Sims-Gould, J., Loughi, M., Robinovitch, Prof. S. N., Feldman, F., Yang, Y., Schonnop, R., Lueng, P. M., Sarraf, T., Sims-Gould, J. & Loughin, M. (2013). Video capture of the circumstances of falls in elderly people residing in long-term care: An observational study. The Lancet, 381(9860), 47–54. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61263-X
• Sagha Zadeh, R., Eshelman, P., Setla, J., Kennedy, L., Hon, E. & Basara, A. (2018). Environmental design for end-of- life care: An Integrative review on ımproving the quality of life and managing symptoms for patients in ınstitutional settings. Journal of Pain and Symptom Management, 55(3), 1018–1034. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpainsymman.2017.09.011
• Sav, A., Salehi, A., Mair, F. S. & McMillan, S. S. (2017). Measuring the burden of treatment for chronic disease: Implications of a scoping review of the literature. BMC Medical Research Methodology, 17(1), 1–14. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12874-017-0411-8
• Schellen, L., van Marken Lichtenbelt, W. D., Loomans, M. G. L. C., Toftum, J. & de Wit, M. H. (2010). Differences between young adults and elderly in thermal comfort, productivity, and thermal physiology in response to a moderate temperature drift and a steady-state condition. Indoor Air, 20(4), 273–283. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0668.2010.00657.x
• Schwela, D. H. (2001). World Health Organization Guidelines for Community Noise. TRB Session 391 “Setting an Agenda for Transportation Noise Management Policies in the United States.” https://doi.org/10.3397/1.2839659
• Serrano-Jiménez, A., Lizana, J., Molina-Huelva, M. & Barrios-Padura, Á. (2020). Indoor environmental quality in social housing with elderly occupants in Spain: Measurement results and retrofit opportunities. Journal of Building Engineering, 30(December 2019). https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101264
• Shikder, S., Mourshed, M. & Price, A. (2012). Therapeutic lighting design for the elderly: a review. 282 Perspectives in Public Health, 132(6). https://doi.org/10.1177/1757913911422288
• Simoni, M., Jaakkola, M. S., Carrozzi, L., Baldacci, S., Di Pede, F. & Viegi, G. (2003). Indoor air pollution and respiratory health in the elderly. European Respiratory Journal, Supplement, 21(40), 15–20. https://doi.org/10.1183/09031936.03.00403603
• Sinoo, M. M., van Hoof, J. & Kort, H. S. M. M. (2011). Light conditions for older adults in the nursing home: Assessment of environmental illuminances and colour temperature. Building and Environment, 46(10), 1917– 1927. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2011.03.013
• Sloane, P. D., Mitchell, C. M., Weisman, G., Zimmerman, S., Long, K. M., Lynn, M., Calkins, M., Lawton, M. P., Teresi, J., Grant, L., Lindeman, D. & Montgomery, R. (2003). The therapeutic environment screening survey for nursing homes (TESS-NH): An observational instrument for assessing the physical environment of institutional settings for persons with dementia. Research and Practice in Alzheimer’s Disease, 7(2), 138–145.
• Spengler, J. D. & Sexton, K. (1983). Indoor air pollution: A public health perspective. Science, 221(4605), 9–17.
• Šujanová, P., Rychtáriková, M., Mayor, T. S. & Hyder, A. (2019). A healthy, energy-efficient and comfortable indoor environment, a review. Energies, 12(8), 1–37. https://doi.org/10.3390/en12081414
• Tang, Y., Yu, H., Wang, Z., Luo, M., Zhang, K., Jiao, Y. & Li, C. (2020). Typical winter clothing characteristics and thermal insulation of ensembles for older people in China. Building and Environment, 182(May), 107127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2020.107127
• Tao, Y., Gou, Z., Yu, Z., Fu, J. & Chen, X. (2020). The challenge of creating age-friendly indoor environments in a high-density city: Case study of Hong Kong’s care and attention homes. Journal of Building Engineering, 30 (November 2019), 101280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jobe.2020.101280
• Tao, Y., Lau, S. S. Y., Gou, Z., Fu, J., Jiang, B. & Chen, X. (2018). Privacy and well-being in aged care facilities with a crowded living environment: Case study of Hong Kong care and attention homes. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 15(10). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15102157
• Tartarini, F., Cooper, P. & Fleming, R. (2017). Thermal environment and thermal sensations of occupants of nursing homes: A field study. Procedia Engineering, 180, 373–382. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.04.196
• Tartarini, F., Cooper, P. & Fleming, R. (2018). Thermal perceptions, preferences and adaptive behaviours of occupants of nursing homes. Building and Environment, 132, 57–69. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2018.01.018
• Tartarini, F., Cooper, P., Fleming, R. & Batterham, M. (2017). Indoor Air temperature and agitation of nursing home residents with dementia. American Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease and Other Dementias, 32(5), 272–281. https://doi.org/10.1177/1533317517704898
• The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Noise Abatement and Control. (1974). Information on levels of environmental noise requisite to protect public health and welfare with an adequate margin of safety. In US Environmental Protection Agency (pp. 1–242).
• Thomas, P., Aletta, F., Filipan, K., Mynsbrugge, T. Vander, De Geetere, L., Dijckmans, A., Botteldooren, D., Petrovic, M., Van de Velde, D., De Vriendt, P. & Devos, P. (2020). Noise environments in nursing homes: An overview of the literature and a case study in Flanders with quantitative and qualitative methods. Applied Acoustics, 159, 107103. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apacoust.2019.107103
• Thomas, P., Aletta, F., Mynsbrugge, T. Vander, Filipan, K., Dijckmans, A., De Geetere, L., Botteldooren, D., Petrovic, M., De Vriendt, P., Van De Velde, D. & Devos, P. (2018). Evaluation and improvement of the acoustic comfort in nursing homes: a case study in Flanders, Belgium. Euronoise 2018, May, 405–412.
• Toraman, A. & Yıldırım, N. Ü. (2010). The falling risk and physical fitness in older people. Archives of Gerontology and Geriatrics, 51(2), 222–226. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.archger.2009.10.012
• Torrington, J. M., Tregenza, P. R. & Noell-Waggoner, L. C. (2007). Lighting for people with dementia. Lighting Research and Technology, 39(1), 81–97. https://doi.org/10.1177/1365782806074484
• Tseng, W. S. W., Ma, Y. C., Wong, W. K., Yeh, Y. te, Wang, W. I. & Cheng, S. H. (2020). An indoor gardening planting table game design to improve the cognitive performance of the elderly with mild and moderate dementia. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 17(5). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17051483
• Tsoulou, I., Andrews, C. J., He, R., Mainelis, G. & Senick, J. (2020). Summertime thermal conditions and senior resident behaviors in public housing: A case study in Elizabeth, NJ, USA. Building and Environment, 168(May 2019), 106411. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106411
• Tural, E. & Tural, M. (2014). Luminance contrast analyses for low vision in a senior living facility: A proposal for an HDR image-based analysis tool. Building and Environment, 81, 20–28. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2014.06.005
• Turner, P. L., Someren, E. J. W. Van. & Mainster, M. A. (2010). The role of environmental light in sleep and health : Effects of ocular aging and cataract surgery. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 14(4), 269–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2009.11.002
• Turner, P. L., Van Someren, E. J. W. & Mainster, M. A. (2010). The role of environmental light in sleep and health: Effects of ocular aging and cataract surgery. Sleep Medicine Reviews, 14(4), 269–280. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smrv.2009.11.002
• van den Bosch, K. A., Andringa, T. C., Başkent, D. & Vlaskamp, C. (2016). The Role of sound in residential facilities for people with profound ıntellectual and multiple disabilities. Journal of Policy and Practice in Intellectual Disabilities, 13(1), 61–68. https://doi.org/10.1111/jppi.12147
• van den Bosch, K. A., Andringa, T. C., Post, W. J., Ruijssenaars, W. A. J. J. M. & Vlaskamp, C. (2018). The relationship between soundscapes and challenging behavior: A small-scale intervention study in a healthcare organization for individuals with severe or profound intellectual disabilities. Building Acoustics, 25(2), 123–135. https://doi.org/10.1177/1351010X18775022
• Van Hecke, L., Van Steenwinkel, I. & Heylighen, A. (2019). How enclosure and spatial organization affect residents’ use and experience of a dementia special care unit: A Case Study. Health Environments Research and Design Journal, 12(1), 145–159. https://doi.org/10.1177/1937586718796614
• Van Hoof, J., Bennetts, H., Hansen, A., Kazak, J. K. & Soebarto, V. (2019). The living environment and thermal behaviours of older south australians: A multi-focus group study. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 16(6). https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16060935
• Ventry, I. & Weinstein, B. (1982). The Hearing Handicap Inventory For The Elderly: A New Tool. Ear and Hearing, 3(3), 128–134.
• Victoria Maria, P., Lee, Y. & So-Mi, A. (2018). User Benefits on the First Dementia Friendly Universal Home Guidelines of Ireland- Focused on Four Main Dimensions of User Benefit Criteria -. Journal of the Korean Housing Association, 29(3), 43–54.
• Walker, G., Brown, S. & Neven, L. (2016). Thermal comfort in care homes: Vulnerability, responsibility and thermal care. Building Research and Information, 44(2), 135–146. https://doi.org/10.1080/09613218.2014.998552
• Wang, Z. (2020a). Cross-National Comparison of Environmental Factors Important to Facility-Based Senior Living. Health Environments Research and Design Journal, 13(2), 186–199. https://doi.org/10.1177/1937586720901344
• Wang, Z. (2020b). Cross-National Comparison of Environmental Factors Important to Facility-Based Senior Living. Health Environments Research and Design Journal, 13(2), 186–199. https://doi.org/10.1177/1937586720901344
• Wang, Z. (2020c). Cross-National Comparison of Environmental Factors Important to Facility-Based Senior Living. Health Environments Research and Design Journal, 13(2), 186–199. https://doi.org/10.1177/1937586720901344
• Wang, Z., Cao, B., Lin, B. & Zhu, Y. (2020). Investigation of thermal comfort and behavioral adjustments of older people in residential environments in Beijing. Energy and Buildings, 217, 110001. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2020.110001
• Wang, Z., Yu, H., Jiao, Y., Wei, Q. & Chu, X. (2018). A field study of thermal sensation and neutrality in free-running aged-care homes in Shanghai. Energy and Buildings, 158, 1523–1532. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2017.11.050
• White, M. D. M. D. M. D., Ancoli-Israel, S., Wilson, R. R., Ancoli, S. I., Ancoli-Israel, S., Wilson, R. R., Ancoli, S. I., Ancoli- Israel, S., & Wilson, R. R. (2013). Senior living environments: Evidence-based lighting design strategies. Meta- Analysis, 7(1), 60–78. https://doi.org/10.1177/193758671300700106
• Wong, J. K. W., Skitmore, M., Buys, L. & Wang, K. (2014). The effects of the indoor environment of residential care homes on dementia suffers in Hong Kong: A critical incident technique approach. Building and Environment, 73, 32–39. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2013.12.001
• World Health Organization (WHO). (2010). WHO Guidlines for ındoor air quality: Selected pollutants. In WHO Regional Office for Europe.
• Wu, Y., Liu, H., Li, B., Kosonen, R., Kong, D., Zhou, S. & Yao, R. (2019). Thermal adaptation of the elderly during summer in a hot humid area: Psychological, behavioral, and physiological responses. Energy and Buildings, 203, 109450. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2019.109450
• Xie, H., Zhong, B. & Liu, C. (2020). Sound environment quality in nursing units in Chinese nursing homes: A pilot study. Building Acoustics, 27(4), 283–298. https://doi.org/10.1177/1351010X20914237
• Yang, J., Nam, I. & Sohn, J.-R. (2016). The influence of seasonal characteristics in elderly thermal comfort in Korea. Energy and Buildings, 128. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2016.07.037
• Yuan, J., Li, L., Wang, E., Skibniewski, M. J., Skibniewski, J., Skibniewski, M. J. & Skibniewski, J. (2019). Examining sustainability indicators of space management in elderly Facilities—a case study in China. Journal of Cleaner Production, 208, 144–159. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2018.10.065
• Zhang, L., Zhou, S. & Kwan, M. P. (2019). A comparative analysis of the impacts of objective versus subjective neighborhood environment on physical, mental, and social health. Health and Place, 59(April), 102170. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.healthplace.2019.102170
• Zhao, Y., Liu, L., Ding, Y. & Chan, H. Y. L. (2020). Understanding dementia care in care home setting in China: An exploratory qualitative study. Health and Social Care in the Community, October, 1–11. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.13213