Assessment of Ecological Landscape Design: A Case Study Applying LEED Certification Criteria to BTU Mimar Sinan Campus
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 368 - 386, 30.07.2024
Onur Aksoy
,
Kamil Erken
Öz
Ecological design is an approach that is applied in campus areas. This study aims to determine the LEED certificate points achievable through proposed ecological landscape designs for campus areas. The v3-2009 version of the LEED certificate was used in the study. In this study, national and international articles, LEED scoring system was first examined. Within the scope of the information obtained, the point value of the study area was calculated for its current form based on the LEED certification system. New ecological landscape design study was proposed for the area and re-scoring was performed within the scope of this proposed project. After the total score that campus would receive from the LEED certificate and the score obtained from each category were determined. Through the ecological campus planning approach developed in this study, the campus's certificate score increased from 10 to the 'Silver certificate' level, totalling 50 points.
Etik Beyan
Ethics committee permission was not required for the study.
Destekleyen Kurum
No assistance was received from any institution or organization in the study.
Kaynakça
- Aboelata, A., & Sodoudi, S. (2019). Evaluating urban vegetation scenarios to mitigate urban heat island and reduce buildings' energy in dense built-up areas in Cairo. Building and Environment, 166, 106407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106407.
- Aksoy, O. (2022). Planting the Bursa Technical University campus according to ecological campus criteria: An
experimental campus design proposal (Master's thesis). Bursa Technical University, Bursa.
- Aşkın, F. K. (2014). Evaluation of Safranbolu traditional settlement pattern in terms of ecological urban design
(Master's thesis). Bartin University, Bartın.
- Atasoy, A. T. (2020). Behavioural responses of green builders to discontinuous certification schemes. Resource
and Energy Economics, 60, 101141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2019.101141
- Arat, Y., & Kaçar, A. (2020). Sürdürülebilir binalara yeşil ergonomi çerçevesinden bir bakış: Konya Gıda ve Tarım
Üniversitesi Kampüsü. Ergonomi, 3(1), 18-32. https://doi.org/10.33439/ergonomi.652447
- Caymaz, G. F. Y., & Başkaya, F. A. T. (2022). Evaluation of shopping malls in Istanbul with respect to the
sustainable sites ınitiative criteria. SAUC-Street Art and Urban Creativity, 8(1), 20-33.
- Cidell, J. (2009). A political ecology of the built environment: LEED certification for green buildings. Local
Environment, 14(7), 621-633. DOI: 10.1080/13549830903089275
- Council UGB. (2009). LEED Building Design and Construction Reference Guide 2009. US Green Building Council.
- Davis, P.H. (1965–85). (ed.) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. 1–9. 1965 (1), 1967 (2), 1970 (3). 1972 (4),
1975 (5), 1978 (6), 1982 (7), 1984 (8), 1985 (9). — Edinburgh.
- Demitri, C., Scalera, F., Madaghiele, M., Sannino, A., & Maffezzoli, A. (2013). Potential of cellulose-based
superabsorbent hydrogels as water reservoir in agriculture. International Journal of Polymer Science, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/435073
- El Ouaqoudi, F. Z., El Fels, L., Lemée, L., Amblès, A., & Hafidi, M. (2015). Evaluation of lignocelullose compost stability
and maturity using spectroscopic (FTIR) and thermal (TGA/TDA) analysis. Ecological Engineering, 75, 217-222.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.12.004
- Erken, K. (2021). Investigation of vegetative properties and generative production of the potential ornamental
and narrow endemic species Verbascum yurtkuranianum (Scrophulariaceae) for ex situ conservation.
BioResources, 16(4), 7530.
- Ekim, T., Koyuncu, M., Vural, M., Duman, H., Aytaç, Z. & Adıgüzel, N. (2000). Red book of plants in Turkey.
Endangered Rare and Endemic Plants of Turkey, Publication, (18).
- Esin, T. (2001). Efficient Use of Energy in Buildings-Recommendations for Sustainable Construction. Technologies
Symposium, Proceedings book, pp 393-404.
- Erbıyık, H., Çatal, T., Durukan, S., Topaloğlu, D. G., & Ünver, Ü. (2021). Assessment of Yalova University Campus
according to LEED V. 4 certification system. Environmental Research and Technology, 4(1), 18-28.
- Feng, H., & Hewage, K. (2014). Energy saving performance of green vegetation on LEED certified buildings. Energy
and Buildings, 75, 281-289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.10.039
- FSC. (2022). Forest Stewardship Council. Access Address (10.12.2021): https://fsc.org/en
- Google Earth (2022). Google Earth Viewer. Access Address (08.06.2022): https://earth.google.com/web
- Gomez, T., & Derr, V. (2021). Landscapes as living laboratories for sustainable campus planning and
stewardship: A scoping review of approaches and practices. Landscape and Urban Planning, 216, 104259.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2021.104259
- Guan, X., Wang, J., & Xiao, F. (2021). Sponge city strategy and application of pavement materials in sponge city.
Journal of Cleaner Production, 303, 127022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127022
- Gurgun, A. P., Polat, G., Damci, A., & Bayhan, H. G. (2016). Performance of LEED energy credit requirements in
European countries. Procedia Engineering, 164, 432-438.
- Haselbach L. (2010). The engineering guide to LEED-new construction: Sustainable construction for engineers.
McGraw-Hill.
- Hilaire, R. S., Arnold, M. A., Wilkerson, D. C., Devitt, D. A., Hurd, B. H., Lesikar, B. J., ... & Zoldoske, D. F. (2008). Efficient
water use in residential urban landscapes. HortScience, 43(7), 2081-2092.
https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.43.7.2081
- Horvath, P., & Tóth, A. (2005). Peter Horvath. In International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive
Techniques: ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Electronic Art and Animation Catalog: Los Angeles, California (Vol. 1, No. 04, pp.
80-81).
- Karagöz, I., & Yücel, G. (2020). Use of super absorbent polymers with Euonymus plants (Euonymus japonicus
‘Aureomarginatus’) in ornamental plant cultivation. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 26(2), 201-211. DOI:
10.15832/ankutbd.471855
- Kern, A. P., Antoniolli, C. B., Wander, P. R., Mancio, M., & González, M. A. S. (2016). Energy and water consumption
during the post-occupancy phase and the users' perception of a commercial building certified by Leadership
in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). Journal of Cleaner Production, 133, 826-834.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.05.081
- Kucukkaya, E., Kelesoglu, A., Gunaydin, H., Kilic, G. A., & Unver, U. (2021). Design of a passive rainwater harvesting
system with a green building approach. International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 40(2), 175-187.
- Mendoza, J. M. F., Gallego-Schmid, A., & Azapagic, A. (2019). A methodological framework for the
implementation of circular economy thinking in higher education institutions: Towards sustainable campus
management. Journal of Cleaner Production, 226, 831-844.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.060
- Metcalfe, D. J. (2005). Hedera helix L. Journal of Ecology, 93(3), 632-648. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-
2745.2005.01021.x
- Murray, V. Bejarano, A.,& Matsuno, C. (2016). An open coworking space to allow engineering students to develop
innovative competencies: UTEC GARAGE. In 2016 IEEE 8th International Conference on Engineering Education
(ICEED) (pp. 109-114). IEEE.
- Obata, S. H., Agostinho, F., Almeida, C. M., & Giannetti, B. F. (2019). LEED certification as booster for sustainable
buildings: Insights for a Brazilian context. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 145, 170-
178.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.02.037
- Panagopoulos, T. (2008). Using microclimatic landscape design to create thermal comfort and energy
efficiency. In Conferência sobre Edifícios Eficientes (Vol. 1).
- Patel, D. H., & Ashwini, M. (2022). Bioluminescent Fungi: Shine in the Dark.
- Patel, B., & Patel, P. (2012). Sustainable campus of Claris lifesciences through green initiatives. Renewable and
Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(7), 4901-4907.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.03.062
- Saygın, N., & Ulusoy, P. (2011). Stormwater management and green infrastructure techniques for sustainable
campus design. Politeknik Dergisi, 14(3). (DOI) : 10.2339/2011.14.3, 223-231
- Schiederig, T., Tietze, F., & Herstatt, C. (2012). Green innovation in technology and innovation management–an
exploratory literature review. R&D Management, 42(2), 180-192. doi/10.1111/j.1467-9310.2011.00672.x
- SITES. (2023). Developing Sustainable Landscapes. Access Address (14.05.2023):
https://sustainablesites.org/professionals
- Song, C. (2022). Application of nature-based measures in China's sponge city initiative: Current trends and
perspectives. Nature-Based Solutions, 2, 100010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbsj.2022.100010
- Sustainable Sites Initiative. (2014). SITES v2 Reference Guide for Sustainable Land Design and Development,
Sustainable Sites Initiative.
- Süzer, O. (2015). A comparative review of environmental concern prioritization: LEED vs other major certification
systems. Journal of Environmental Management, 154, 266-283.
- TSA. (2022). Türkiye Soil Atlas. Access Address (20.02.2022): https://tad.tarim.gov.tr/
- Türkiye Parking Regulation. (2018, 3194). T.R. Official Gazette (No: 30340). Prime Ministry Printing House, Ankara.
Access Address (15.10.2022): https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2018/02/20180222-7.htm
- Uncapher, A., & Woelfle-Erskine, C. (2012). Creating Rain Gardens: Capturing the Rain for Your Own Water-
Efficient Garden. Timber Press.
- Uğur, L. O., & Leblebici, N. (2018). An examination of the LEED green building certification system in terms of
construction costs. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 81, 1476-1483.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.210
- USGBC. (2023). U.S. Green Building Council. Access Address (17.05.2023): https://www.usgbc.org/projects
- Ünal, S. G. (2014). Ankara Sinpaş Altınoran konut projesi ve ekolojik tasarım. Planlama Dergisi, 24(2), 95-106. doi:
10.5505/planlama.2014.18209
- Yang, C. F. (2021). Greening school grounds: Schools’ role in a biodiversity process. Urban Biodiversity and
Ecological Design for Sustainable Cities, 143-174. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-32318-3_3
- Yazdani V., & Gülgün, B. O. (2021). The Use of Ecological and Sustainable Materials ın Landscape Designs.
Proceeding Book, 72.
- Zhang, B., Gao, J. X., & Yang, Y. (2014). The cooling effect of urban green spaces as a contribution to energy-
saving and emission-reduction: A case study in Beijing, China. Building and Environment, 76, 37-43.
- Williams, S. (2013). Creating the prairie xeriscape. Coteau Books.
- Wolf, K. L. (2004). Trees, parking and green law: Strategies for sustainability. Stone Mountain, GA: Georgia
Forestry Commission, Urban and Community Forestry.
Ekolojik Peyzaj Tasarımının Değerlendirilmesi: LEED Sertifikasyon Kriterlerinin BTÜ Mimar Sinan Yerleşkesine Uygulandığı Bir Örnek Olay Çalışması
Yıl 2024,
Cilt: 9 Sayı: 1, 368 - 386, 30.07.2024
Onur Aksoy
,
Kamil Erken
Öz
Ekolojik tasarım kampüs alanlarında uygulanan bir yaklaşımdır. Bu çalışma, kampüs alanları için önerilen ekolojik peyzaj tasarımlarıyla elde edilebilecek LEED sertifika puanlarının belirlenmesini amaçlamaktadır. Çalışmada LEED sertifikasının v3-2009 versiyonu kullanılmıştır. Bu çalışmada ilk olarak ulusal ve uluslararası makaleler, LEED puanlama sistemi vb. çalışmalar incelenmiştir. Daha sonra elde edilen bilgiler kapsamında çalışma alanının LEED sertifikasyon sistemi esas alınarak mevcut haliyle puan değeri hesaplandı. Daha sonra alana yönelik yeni ekolojik peyzaj tasarım çalışması önerilmiş ve önerilen bu proje kapsamında yeniden puanlama yapılmıştır. Daha sonra kampüsün LEED sertifikasından alacağı toplam puan ve her kategoriden alınacak puan belirlendi. Bu çalışmada geliştirilen ekolojik kampüs planlama yaklaşımı sayesinde kampüsün sertifika puanı 10'dan 'Gümüş sertifika' düzeyine çıkarak 50 puana yükseldi.
Kaynakça
- Aboelata, A., & Sodoudi, S. (2019). Evaluating urban vegetation scenarios to mitigate urban heat island and reduce buildings' energy in dense built-up areas in Cairo. Building and Environment, 166, 106407. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.buildenv.2019.106407.
- Aksoy, O. (2022). Planting the Bursa Technical University campus according to ecological campus criteria: An
experimental campus design proposal (Master's thesis). Bursa Technical University, Bursa.
- Aşkın, F. K. (2014). Evaluation of Safranbolu traditional settlement pattern in terms of ecological urban design
(Master's thesis). Bartin University, Bartın.
- Atasoy, A. T. (2020). Behavioural responses of green builders to discontinuous certification schemes. Resource
and Energy Economics, 60, 101141. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.reseneeco.2019.101141
- Arat, Y., & Kaçar, A. (2020). Sürdürülebilir binalara yeşil ergonomi çerçevesinden bir bakış: Konya Gıda ve Tarım
Üniversitesi Kampüsü. Ergonomi, 3(1), 18-32. https://doi.org/10.33439/ergonomi.652447
- Caymaz, G. F. Y., & Başkaya, F. A. T. (2022). Evaluation of shopping malls in Istanbul with respect to the
sustainable sites ınitiative criteria. SAUC-Street Art and Urban Creativity, 8(1), 20-33.
- Cidell, J. (2009). A political ecology of the built environment: LEED certification for green buildings. Local
Environment, 14(7), 621-633. DOI: 10.1080/13549830903089275
- Council UGB. (2009). LEED Building Design and Construction Reference Guide 2009. US Green Building Council.
- Davis, P.H. (1965–85). (ed.) Flora of Turkey and the East Aegean Islands. 1–9. 1965 (1), 1967 (2), 1970 (3). 1972 (4),
1975 (5), 1978 (6), 1982 (7), 1984 (8), 1985 (9). — Edinburgh.
- Demitri, C., Scalera, F., Madaghiele, M., Sannino, A., & Maffezzoli, A. (2013). Potential of cellulose-based
superabsorbent hydrogels as water reservoir in agriculture. International Journal of Polymer Science, 2013.
https://doi.org/10.1155/2013/435073
- El Ouaqoudi, F. Z., El Fels, L., Lemée, L., Amblès, A., & Hafidi, M. (2015). Evaluation of lignocelullose compost stability
and maturity using spectroscopic (FTIR) and thermal (TGA/TDA) analysis. Ecological Engineering, 75, 217-222.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2014.12.004
- Erken, K. (2021). Investigation of vegetative properties and generative production of the potential ornamental
and narrow endemic species Verbascum yurtkuranianum (Scrophulariaceae) for ex situ conservation.
BioResources, 16(4), 7530.
- Ekim, T., Koyuncu, M., Vural, M., Duman, H., Aytaç, Z. & Adıgüzel, N. (2000). Red book of plants in Turkey.
Endangered Rare and Endemic Plants of Turkey, Publication, (18).
- Esin, T. (2001). Efficient Use of Energy in Buildings-Recommendations for Sustainable Construction. Technologies
Symposium, Proceedings book, pp 393-404.
- Erbıyık, H., Çatal, T., Durukan, S., Topaloğlu, D. G., & Ünver, Ü. (2021). Assessment of Yalova University Campus
according to LEED V. 4 certification system. Environmental Research and Technology, 4(1), 18-28.
- Feng, H., & Hewage, K. (2014). Energy saving performance of green vegetation on LEED certified buildings. Energy
and Buildings, 75, 281-289. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.enbuild.2013.10.039
- FSC. (2022). Forest Stewardship Council. Access Address (10.12.2021): https://fsc.org/en
- Google Earth (2022). Google Earth Viewer. Access Address (08.06.2022): https://earth.google.com/web
- Gomez, T., & Derr, V. (2021). Landscapes as living laboratories for sustainable campus planning and
stewardship: A scoping review of approaches and practices. Landscape and Urban Planning, 216, 104259.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.landurbplan.2021.104259
- Guan, X., Wang, J., & Xiao, F. (2021). Sponge city strategy and application of pavement materials in sponge city.
Journal of Cleaner Production, 303, 127022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2021.127022
- Gurgun, A. P., Polat, G., Damci, A., & Bayhan, H. G. (2016). Performance of LEED energy credit requirements in
European countries. Procedia Engineering, 164, 432-438.
- Haselbach L. (2010). The engineering guide to LEED-new construction: Sustainable construction for engineers.
McGraw-Hill.
- Hilaire, R. S., Arnold, M. A., Wilkerson, D. C., Devitt, D. A., Hurd, B. H., Lesikar, B. J., ... & Zoldoske, D. F. (2008). Efficient
water use in residential urban landscapes. HortScience, 43(7), 2081-2092.
https://doi.org/10.21273/HORTSCI.43.7.2081
- Horvath, P., & Tóth, A. (2005). Peter Horvath. In International Conference on Computer Graphics and Interactive
Techniques: ACM SIGGRAPH 2005 Electronic Art and Animation Catalog: Los Angeles, California (Vol. 1, No. 04, pp.
80-81).
- Karagöz, I., & Yücel, G. (2020). Use of super absorbent polymers with Euonymus plants (Euonymus japonicus
‘Aureomarginatus’) in ornamental plant cultivation. Journal of Agricultural Sciences, 26(2), 201-211. DOI:
10.15832/ankutbd.471855
- Kern, A. P., Antoniolli, C. B., Wander, P. R., Mancio, M., & González, M. A. S. (2016). Energy and water consumption
during the post-occupancy phase and the users' perception of a commercial building certified by Leadership
in Energy and Environmental Design (LEED). Journal of Cleaner Production, 133, 826-834.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2016.05.081
- Kucukkaya, E., Kelesoglu, A., Gunaydin, H., Kilic, G. A., & Unver, U. (2021). Design of a passive rainwater harvesting
system with a green building approach. International Journal of Sustainable Energy, 40(2), 175-187.
- Mendoza, J. M. F., Gallego-Schmid, A., & Azapagic, A. (2019). A methodological framework for the
implementation of circular economy thinking in higher education institutions: Towards sustainable campus
management. Journal of Cleaner Production, 226, 831-844.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2019.04.060
- Metcalfe, D. J. (2005). Hedera helix L. Journal of Ecology, 93(3), 632-648. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-
2745.2005.01021.x
- Murray, V. Bejarano, A.,& Matsuno, C. (2016). An open coworking space to allow engineering students to develop
innovative competencies: UTEC GARAGE. In 2016 IEEE 8th International Conference on Engineering Education
(ICEED) (pp. 109-114). IEEE.
- Obata, S. H., Agostinho, F., Almeida, C. M., & Giannetti, B. F. (2019). LEED certification as booster for sustainable
buildings: Insights for a Brazilian context. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 145, 170-
178.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2019.02.037
- Panagopoulos, T. (2008). Using microclimatic landscape design to create thermal comfort and energy
efficiency. In Conferência sobre Edifícios Eficientes (Vol. 1).
- Patel, D. H., & Ashwini, M. (2022). Bioluminescent Fungi: Shine in the Dark.
- Patel, B., & Patel, P. (2012). Sustainable campus of Claris lifesciences through green initiatives. Renewable and
Sustainable Energy Reviews, 16(7), 4901-4907.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2012.03.062
- Saygın, N., & Ulusoy, P. (2011). Stormwater management and green infrastructure techniques for sustainable
campus design. Politeknik Dergisi, 14(3). (DOI) : 10.2339/2011.14.3, 223-231
- Schiederig, T., Tietze, F., & Herstatt, C. (2012). Green innovation in technology and innovation management–an
exploratory literature review. R&D Management, 42(2), 180-192. doi/10.1111/j.1467-9310.2011.00672.x
- SITES. (2023). Developing Sustainable Landscapes. Access Address (14.05.2023):
https://sustainablesites.org/professionals
- Song, C. (2022). Application of nature-based measures in China's sponge city initiative: Current trends and
perspectives. Nature-Based Solutions, 2, 100010. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nbsj.2022.100010
- Sustainable Sites Initiative. (2014). SITES v2 Reference Guide for Sustainable Land Design and Development,
Sustainable Sites Initiative.
- Süzer, O. (2015). A comparative review of environmental concern prioritization: LEED vs other major certification
systems. Journal of Environmental Management, 154, 266-283.
- TSA. (2022). Türkiye Soil Atlas. Access Address (20.02.2022): https://tad.tarim.gov.tr/
- Türkiye Parking Regulation. (2018, 3194). T.R. Official Gazette (No: 30340). Prime Ministry Printing House, Ankara.
Access Address (15.10.2022): https://www.resmigazete.gov.tr/eskiler/2018/02/20180222-7.htm
- Uncapher, A., & Woelfle-Erskine, C. (2012). Creating Rain Gardens: Capturing the Rain for Your Own Water-
Efficient Garden. Timber Press.
- Uğur, L. O., & Leblebici, N. (2018). An examination of the LEED green building certification system in terms of
construction costs. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 81, 1476-1483.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rser.2017.05.210
- USGBC. (2023). U.S. Green Building Council. Access Address (17.05.2023): https://www.usgbc.org/projects
- Ünal, S. G. (2014). Ankara Sinpaş Altınoran konut projesi ve ekolojik tasarım. Planlama Dergisi, 24(2), 95-106. doi:
10.5505/planlama.2014.18209
- Yang, C. F. (2021). Greening school grounds: Schools’ role in a biodiversity process. Urban Biodiversity and
Ecological Design for Sustainable Cities, 143-174. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-32318-3_3
- Yazdani V., & Gülgün, B. O. (2021). The Use of Ecological and Sustainable Materials ın Landscape Designs.
Proceeding Book, 72.
- Zhang, B., Gao, J. X., & Yang, Y. (2014). The cooling effect of urban green spaces as a contribution to energy-
saving and emission-reduction: A case study in Beijing, China. Building and Environment, 76, 37-43.
- Williams, S. (2013). Creating the prairie xeriscape. Coteau Books.
- Wolf, K. L. (2004). Trees, parking and green law: Strategies for sustainability. Stone Mountain, GA: Georgia
Forestry Commission, Urban and Community Forestry.