Kalça kırıklarının epidemiyolojisine Covid-19 pandemisinin etkisi

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 5 Sayı: 3, 270 - 275, 31.12.2021

Sefa Aktı , Deniz Çankaya

https://doi.org/10.30565/medalanya.866332

Cited By: 3

Öz

Amaç: Normal mevsimsel sürenin ve normal insan alışkanlıklarının ötesinde toplum aktivitesi azalmasının, yaşlı hasta popülasyonunda görülen kırıkların insidansının nasıl etkilediğini ortaya koymak için pandeminin 6 aylık dönemindeki kalça kırıklarının epidemiyolojisini, bir önceki yıldaki aynı 6 aylık zaman aralığına göre karılaştırmayı ve pandemiye bağlı değişiklikleri ortaya koymayı amaçladık.

Yöntemler: Çalışmamızda 1 Nisan 2020 ile 30 Eylül 2020 tarihleri arasındaki pandeminin 6 aylık süresi zarfında hastanemize başvuran kalça kırıkları ile 2019 yılının aynı döneminde hastanemize başvuran kalça kırıkları, epidemiyolojileri ve uygulanan tedaviler, komplikasyon oranları ve mortalite yönünden karşılaştırıldı. Hastaların demografik verilerine bakıldı. Pandemi döneminde kalça kırığı ile başvuran hastaların eşlik eden COVID 19 enfeksiyonu olup olmadığı değerlendirildi.

Bulgular: Pandemi öncesi 2019 yılında 71 hasta tedavi edilirken 2020 yılında 78 hasta tedavi edilmişti. 2020 yılında kalça kırık sayısının istatistiksel olarak değişmediği bulundu (p>0.05). Tedavi yöntemleri açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark gözlenmedi (p>0.05). 2019 ve 2020 yılları arasında demografik verileri açısından istatistiksel olarak anlamlı fark saptanmamıştır (p>0.05). 2019 ve 2020 yılları arasında hastaların ASA skorları açısından anlamlı fark saptanmamıştır (p>0.05). 2019 ve 2020 yılları arasında mortalite oranları açısından anlamlı fark saptanmamıştır (p>0.05).

Sonuç: Çalışmamızın en önemli bulgusu 2020 yılında pandemi döneminde kalça uç kırığı olan hasta sayısının 2019 yılına göre düşmemesidir. Pandemi döneminde pulmoner komplikasyonlardaki artış, yaşlı hasta popülasyonunda pandemiye rağmen yüksek oranda görülen kalça kırıklı hastalarda özel bakım şartlarının gerekliliğini ortaya koymaktadır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

coronavirus, kalça kırıkları, pandemi

The Effect of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Epidemiology of Hip Fractures

Öz

Aim: This study aimed to compare the epidemiology of hip fractures in an elderly population in 6 months of the COVID-19 pandemic and the same 6-month period in the previous year to be able to reveal how the decrease in community activity beyond normal seasonal habits because of the pandemic had affected the incidence of fractures in the elderly patient population.

Methods: A comparison was made of the data of patients who presented at our hospital with a hip fracture between 1 April 2020 and 30 September 2020, and those who presented in the same 6-month period in 2019 before the pandemic. Comparisons were made in respect of epidemiology, treatments applied, complication rates and mortality. The demographic data of the patients were examined, and those presenting during the pandemic were evaluated in respect of the presence of COVID-19 infection.

Results: A total of 78 patients were treated in the defined study period in 2020 and 71 in the equivalent period in 2019 before the pandemic. No statistically significant change was found in the number of hip fractures in 2020 (p>0.05). No statistically significant difference was observed between the demographic data of the patients, the ASA scores, the treatment methods, or the mortality rates in the two periods (p>0.05 for all).

Conclusion: The most significant finding of this study was that there was no decrease in the number of patients with hip fracture during the pandemic in 2020, compared to the equivalent period in 2019. The increase in pulmonary complications during the pandemic period demonstrates the need for special care conditions in elderly patients with hip fractures, which are still seen at a high rate despite the pandemic

Anahtar Kelimeler

Coronavirus, Hip fractures, pandemic

Kaynakça

• 1. Turgut A, Arlı H, Altundağ Ü, Hancıoğlu S, Egeli E, Kalenderer Ö. Effect of COVID-19 pandemic on the fracture demographics: Data from a tertiary care hospital in Turkey. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2020;54(4):355-63. doi: 10.5152/j.aott.2020.20209.
• 2. Gallè F, Sabella EA, Ferracuti S, De Giglio O, Caggiano G, Protano C, et al. Sedentary Behaviors and Physical Activity of Italian Undergraduate Students during Lockdown at the Time of CoViD-19 Pandemic. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2020;17(17):6171. doi: 10.3390/ijerph17176171.
• 3. Keskek SO, Erdogan H. COVID-19: A Current Brief Review. Acta Med Alanya. 2020;4:197–202. doi: 10.30565/medalanya.747238.
• 4. Nuñez JH, Sallent A, Lakhani K, Guerra-Farfan E, Vidal N, Ekhtiari S, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on an Emergency Traumatology Service: Experience at a Tertiary Trauma Centre in Spain. Injury. 2020;51(7):1414-8. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2020.05.016.
• 5. Çankaya D, Yoldaş B, Çankaya E, Çakir Y, Aydin C, Tabak AY. Analysis of the hip fracture records of a central training and research hospital by selected characteristics. Turk J Med Sci. 2016;46(1):35-41. doi: 10.3906/sag-1406-150.
• 6. Aslan A, Atay T, Aydoğan NH. Risk factors for mortality and survival rates in elderly patients undergoing hemiarthroplasty for hip fracture. Acta Orthop Traumatol Turc. 2020;54(2):138-43. doi: 10.5152/j.aott.2020.02.298.
• 7. Macey ARM, Butler J, Martin SC, Tan TY, Leach WJ, Jamal B. 30-day outcomes in hip fracture patients during the COVID-19 pandemic compared to the preceding year. Bone Jt Open. 2020;1(7):415-9. doi: 10.1302/2633-1462.17.BJO-2020-0077.R1.
• 8. Egol KA, Konda SR, Bird ML, Dedhia N, Landes EK, Ranson RA, et al. NYU COVID Hip Fracture Research Group. Increased Mortality and Major Complications in Hip Fracture Care During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A New York City Perspective. J Orthop Trauma. 2020;34(8):395-402. doi: 10.1097/BOT.0000000000001845.
• 9. Upadhyaya GK, Jain VK, Iyengar KP, Patralekh MK, Vaish A. Impact of COVID-19 on post-graduate orthopaedic training in Delhi-NCR. J Clin Orthop Trauma. 2020;11(Suppl 5):S687-95. doi: 10.1016/j.jcot.2020.07.018.
• 10. Lv H, Zhang Q, Yin Y, Zhu Y, Wang J, Hou Z, et al. Epidemiologic characteristics of traumatic fractures during the outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in China: A retrospective & comparative multi-center study. Injury. 2020;51(8):1698-704. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2020.06.022.
• 11. Nuñez JH, Sallent A, Lakhani K, Guerra-Farfan E, Vidal N, Ekhtiari S, et al. Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on an Emergency Traumatology Service: Experience at a Tertiary Trauma Centre in Spain. Injury. 2020;51(7):1414-8. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2020.05.016.
• 12. Moro T, Paoli A. When COVID-19 affects muscle: effects of quarantine in older adults. Eur J Transl Myol. 2020;30(2):9069. doi: 10.4081/ejtm.2019.9069.
• 13. Johnell O. Advances in osteoporosis: better identification of risk factors can reduce morbidity and mortality. J Intern Med. 1996;239(4):299-304. doi: 10.1046/j.1365-2796.1996.429781000.x. 14. Johansson H, Kanis JA, Odén A, McCloskey E, Chapurlat RD, Christiansen C, et al. A meta-analysis of the association of fracture risk and body mass index in women. J Bone Miner Res. 2014;29(1):223-33. doi: 10.1002/jbmr.2017.
• 15. De Laet C, Kanis JA, Odén A, Johanson H, Johnell O, Delmas P, et al. Body mass index as a predictor of fracture risk: a meta-analysis. Osteoporos Int. 2005;16(11):1330-8. doi: 10.1007/s00198-005-1863-y.
• 16. Akinleye SD, Garofolo G, Culbertson MD, Homel P, Erez O. The Role of BMI in Hip Fracture Surgery. Geriatr Orthop Surg Rehabil. 2018;12;9:2151458517747414. doi: 10.1177/2151458517747414.
• 17. Bulut C, Kato Y. Epidemiology of COVID-19. Turk J Med Sci. 2020;50(SI-1):563-70. doi: 10.3906/sag-2004-172.
• 18. Groff H, Kheir MM, George J, Azboy I, Higuera CA, Parvizi J. Causes of in-hospital mortality after hip fractures in the elderly. Hip Int. 2020;30(2):204-9. doi: 10.1177/1120700019835160.
• 19. Minarro JC, Zamorano-Moyano C, Urbano-Luque MT, Arenas-de Larriva AP, Izquierdo-Fernández A, Quevedo-Reinoso R. Is COVID-19 affecting the incidence of hip fractures? Injury. 2020;51(10):2329. doi: 10.1016/j.injury.2020.07.018.
• 20. HIP ATTACK Investigators. Accelerated surgery versus standard care in hip fracture (HIP ATTACK): an international, randomised, controlled trial. Lancet. 2020;395(10225):698-708. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30058-1.
• 21. Mi B, Chen L, Tong D, Panayi AC, Ji F, Guo J, et al. Delayed surgery versus nonoperative treatment for hip fractures in post-COVID-19 arena: a retrospective study of 145 patients. Acta Orthop. 2020;91(6):639-43. doi: 10.1080/17453674.2020.1816617.
• 22. Ahmet A. [Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses]. Acta Med. Alanya 2018;2(2):62-63. DOI: 10.30565/medalanya.439541