An overview of the Black Sea pollution in Turkey

Yıl 2018, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 66 - 86, 30.05.2018

Levent Bat , Ayşah Öztekin , Fatih Şahin , Elif Arıcı , Uğur Özsandıkçı

Öz

In the last four decades the Black Sea has suffered important
changes induced by human activities. Some 162 million people live in the
catchment area of the Black Sea and they make extraordinary demands on its
resources. Waste from towns and cities, farms and factories pours into the
Black Sea; some comes directly from the coast, but most flows relentlessly from
the region's major rivers, River Danube, Dnieper and Dniester. Hence, coming
trends will depend largely on human-related menaces. Depending on place
and time ecologists have been principally interested in eutrophication, heavy
metals, synthetic chemicals, radionuclides sedimentation, acid-rain and hot
water. Airborne pollution also contaminates the sea; while the consequences of
a changing climate brought about by greenhouse gases building up in the atmosphere
seem certain to add to the stress already suffered by the Black Sea
environment. A special threat comes from the many big ships or petrol tankers.
Coupled with the unremitting pressure from the effects of the fıshing industry,
and the tourist developments that are destroying the natural life that attracts
thousands people to the region every year, it is not surprising that the Black
Sea is one of the world's most threatened marine ecosystems. This review is to
make a general assessment of the pollution of the Black Sea coast of Turkey.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Black Sea, pollution, heavy metals, Marine Strategy Framework Directive

Kaynakça

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