Diabetes Mellitus Patients with Fibromyalgia have a Higher Risk of Cardiovascular Disease

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 4 Sayı: 3, 252 - 257, 22.09.2022

Musa Polat , Ahmet Aktaş

https://doi.org/10.37990/medr.1092522

Öz

Aim: The primary aim of this study is to investigate the effect of the presence of Fibromyalgia(FM) on cardiovascular risk and cardiopulmonary capacity in diabetes mellitus (DM) patients. In addition, the prevalence of FM in DM patients was investigated according to the American College of Rheumatology (ACR) 2016 criteria.
Material and Methods: The study included 188 premenopausal female patients with Type 2 DM. The physical activity level of the study participants was assessed with the International Physical Activity Questionnaire - short form. The cardiopulmonary capacity was evaluated with the 6-minute Walk Test. The cardiovascular risks were evaluated with the Framingham risk score. Participants were examined for the presence of FM according to the ACR 2016 criteria.
Results: 63 (33.5%) participants met the ACR 2016 FM diagnostic criteria. DM patients with FM have significantly lower physical activity levels (p=0.004) and cardiopulmonary capacity (p=0.009), and they also have significantly higher cardiovascular risks (p=0.02) than DM patients without FM.
Conclusion: FM is seen in approximately one-third of DM patients, and the presence of FM reduces cardiopulmonary capacity and increases cardiovascular risk. In the management of patients diagnosed with DM, the presence of FM should be investigated, and treatment should be applied with pharmacological and non-pharmacological methods to reduce the contribution to cardiovascular risk.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Physical Activity, Cardiovascular Risk, Fibromyalgia

Destekleyen Kurum

Yok

Proje Numarası

Yok

Teşekkür

The authors wish to thank the patients who participated in this study

Fibromyaljisi Olan Diabetes Mellitus Hastaları Yüksek Kardiovasküler Hastalık Riskine Sahipler

Öz

Amaç: Bu çalışmanın birincil amacı, diabetes mellitus (DM) tanılı hastalarda Fibromiyalji (FM) varlığının kardiyovasküler risk ve kardiyopulmoner kapasite üzerindeki etkisini araştırmaktır. Ayrıca DM hastalarında FM prevalansını Amerikan Romatoloji Cemiyeti (ACR) 2016 kriterlerine göre araştırmaktır.
Materyal ve Metot: Çalışmaya Tip 2 DM tanılı 188 premenopozal kadın hasta dahil edildi. Katılımcıların fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri Uluslararası Fiziksel Aktivite Anketi kısa formu ile değerlendirildi. Kardiyopulmoner kapasiteleri 6 Dakika Yürüme Testi ile değerlendirildi. FM varlığı ACR 2016 FM tanı kriterlerine göre incelendi. Kardiyovasküler risk Framingham risk skoru ile hesaplandı.
Bulgular: ACR 2016 FM tanı kriterlerine göre 63 (%33.5) katılımcının FM’si vardı. FM’li DM hastalarının FM’siz DM hastalarına göre fiziksel aktivite düzeyleri ve kardiyopulmoner kapasiteleri daha düşük (sırasıyla, p=0.004, p=0.009), kardiyovasküler riskleri daha yüksekti (p=0.02).
Sonuç: FM, DM hastalarının yaklaşık üçte birinde görülür. FM varlığı kardiyopulmoner kapasiteyi azaltır ve kardiyovasküler riski artırır. DM tanılı hastaların yönetiminde FM varlığı araştırılmalı, FM’nin kardiyovasküler riske katkısını azaltmak için farmakolojik ve nonfarmakolojik tedavi yöntemleri uygulanmalıdır.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Fibromiyalji, fiziksel aktivite, kardiyovasküler risk

Proje Numarası

Yok

Kaynakça

• 1. Cardiovascular diseases. https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/cardiovascular-diseases-(cvds) access date 20.02.2022
• 2. Rivellese A, Riccardi G, Vaccaro O. Cardiovascular risk in women with diabetes. Nutrition, Metabolism and cardiovascular diseases. 2010;20(6):474-80.
• 3. Matheus ASdM, Tannus LRM, Cobas RA, et al. Impact of diabetes on cardiovascular disease: an update. International journal of hypertension. 2013;2013.
• 4. Leon BM, Maddox TM. Diabetes and cardiovascular disease: epidemiology, biological mechanisms, treatment recommendations and future research. World journal of diabetes. 2015;6(13):1246.
• 5. Wolfe F, Clauw DJ, Fitzcharles M-A, et al. 2016 Revisions to the 2010/2011 fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria. Seminars in arthritis and rheumatism. 2016;46(3):319-329.
• 6. Clauw DJ. Fibromyalgia: a clinical review. Jama. 2014;311(15):1547-55.
• 7. Chinn S, Caldwell W, Gritsenko K. Fibromyalgia pathogenesis and treatment options update. Current pain and headache reports. 2016;20(4):1-10.
• 8. Acosta-Manzano P, Segura-Jiménez V, Estévez-López F, et al. Do women with fibromyalgia present higher cardiovascular disease risk profile than healthy women? The al-Andalus project. Clinical and experimental rheumatology. 2017;35(Suppl 105):61-7.
• 9. Su C-H, Chen J-H, Lan J-L, et al. Increased risk of coronary heart disease in patients with primary fibromyalgia and those with concomitant comorbidity—a Taiwanese population-based cohort study. PLoS one. 2015;10(9):e0137137.
• 10. Tsai P-S, Fan Y-C, Huang C-J. Fibromyalgia is associated with coronary heart disease: a population-based cohort study. Regional anesthesia & pain medicine. 2015;40(1):37-42.
• 11. Akkaya H, Güntürk EE, Kaydok E, Özdemir B. Determination of the increased risk of developing atrial fibrillation in fibromyalgia syndrome. Advances in rheumatology. 2020;60.
• 12. Ablin JN, Beilinson N, Aloush V, et al. Association between fibromyalgia and coronary heart disease and coronary catheterization. Clinical cardiology. 2009;32(6):E7-E11.
• 13. Yanmaz M, Mert M, Korkmaz M. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in a group of fibromyalgia patients. Rheumatology international. 2012;32(4):871-4.
• 14. Tishler M, Smorodin T, Vazina-Amit M, et al. Fibromyalgia in diabetes mellitus. Rheumatology international. 2003;23(4):171-3.
• 15. Mirghani HO, Elbadawi AS. Are diabetes mellitus, restless syndrome, and fibromyalgia related? Indian journal of basic and applied medical research. 2016;5(3):208 - 215.
• 16. Diabetes Turkey country profile 2016. https://www.who.int/publications/m/item/diabetes-tur-country-profile-2016 access date 19.02.2022
• 17. Saglam M, Arikan H, Savci S, et al. International physical activity questionnaire: reliability and validity of the Turkish version. Perceptual and motor skills. 2010;111(1):278-84.
• 18. Craig CL, Marshall AL, Sjöström M, et al. International physical activity questionnaire: 12-country reliability and validity. Medicine & science in sports & exercise. 2003;35(8):1381-95.
• 19. Guyatt G, Pugsley S, Sullivan M, et al. Effect of encouragement on walking test performance. Thorax. 1984;39(11):818-22.
• 20. Framingham Risk Score Calculator. https://reference.medscape.com/calculator/252/framingham-risk-score-2008 access date 10.01.2022
• 21. D’Agostino Sr RB, Vasan RS, Pencina MJ, et al. General cardiovascular risk profile for use in primary care: the Framingham Heart Study. Circulation. 2008;117(6):743-53.
• 22. Zanetti HR, de Paula Facioli T, Júnior RF, et al. Cardiovascular risk factors in patients with fibromyalgia. Acta Fisiátrica. 2015;22(4):172-175.
• 23. Shresher NM, Mohamed AE, Elshahaly MH. Performance of 2016 revised fibromyalgia diagnostic criteria in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. Rheumatology international. 2019;39(10):1703-10.
• 24. Buskila D, Shnaider A, Neumann L, et al. Fibromyalgia in hepatitis C virus infection: another infectious disease relationship. Archives of internal medicine. 1997;157(21):2497-500.
• 25. Benlidayi IC. Role of inflammation in the pathogenesis and treatment of fibromyalgia. Rheumatology international. 2019;39(5):781-91.
• 26. Victor V, Apostolova N, Herance R, et al. Oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in atherosclerosis: mitochondria-targeted antioxidants as potential therapy. Current medicinal chemistry. 2009;16(35):4654-67.
• 27. Cordero MD, Díaz-Parrado E, Carrión AM, et al. Is inflammation a mitochondrial dysfunction-dependent event in fibromyalgia?. Antioxidants & Redox Signaling. 2013;18(7):800-7.
• 28. Christodoulidis G, Vittorio TJ, Fudim M, et al. Inflammation in coronary artery disease. Cardiology in review. 2014;22(6):279-88.
• 29. Wulsin LR, Singal BM. Do depressive symptoms increase the risk for the onset of coronary disease? A systematic quantitative review. Psychosomatic medicine. 2003;65(2):201-10.
• 30. Wang G, Cui J, Wang Y, et al. Anxiety and adverse coronary artery disease outcomes in Chinese patients. Psychosomatic medicine. 2013;75(6):530-6.
• 31. Cannon CP, Curtis SP, FitzGerald GA, et al. Cardiovascular outcomes with etoricoxib and diclofenac in patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis in the multinational etoricoxib and diclofenac arthritis long-term (MEDAL) programme: a randomised comparison. The Lancet. 2006;368(9549):1771-81.
• 32. Leitzmann MF, Park Y, Blair A, et al. Physical activity recommendations and decreased risk of mortality. Archives of internal medicine. 2007;167(22):2453-60.
• 33. Lee D-c, Artero EG, Sui X, Blair SN. Mortality trends in the general population: the importance of cardiorespiratory fitness. Journal of psychopharmacology. 2010;24(4_suppl):27-35.
• 34. American Diabetes Association. Standards of medical care in diabetes-2019 abridged for primary care providers. Clinical Diabetes. 2019;37(1):11-34.
• 35. Dobrosielski DA. How can exercise reduce cardiovascular disease risk? A primer for the clinician. Polish archives of internal medicine. 2021;131(10):1-9
• 36. Aparicio VA, Segura-Jimenez V, Alvarez-Gallardo IC, et al. Fitness testing in the fibromyalgia diagnosis: the al-Ándalus project. Medicine & science in sports & exercise. 2015;47(3):451-9.
• 37. Segura‐Jiménez V, Álvarez‐Gallardo IC, Estévez‐López F, et al. Differences in sedentary time and physical activity between female patients with fibromyalgia and healthy controls: the al‐Ándalus project. Arthritis & rheumatology. 2015;67(11):3047-57.
• 38. Wolfe F, Smythe HA, Yunus MB, et al. The American College of Rheumatology 1990 criteria for the classification of fibromyalgia. Arthritis & rheumatism. 1990;33(2):160-72.
• 39. Aletaha D, Neogi T, Silman AJ, et al. 2010 rheumatoid arthritis classification criteria: an American College of Rheumatology/European League Against Rheumatism collaborative initiative. Arthritis & rheumatism. 2010;62(9):2569-81.
• 40. Ahmed S, Aggarwal A, Lawrence A. Performance of the American College of Rheumatology 2016 criteria for fibromyalgia in a referral care setting. Rheumatology international. 2019;39(8):1397-403.