Yıl 2021,
, 131 - 137, 23.12.2021
Askarbek Tulobaev
Proje Numarası
2018.FBE.04 (2018-2019), KTMU-BAP-2020.FB.03 (2020) ve KTMÜ-BAP-2021.FB.01
Kaynakça
- AHIC: Australian Horse Industry Council 2011. Australian Horse Welfare Protocol. Available: http://www.horsecouncil.org.au/ahic/
- Aldashev AA 1989. Mal charbasynyn zhana veterinariya terminderinin oruscha-kyrgyzcha sөzdүgү. Kyrgyzstan, Frunze (in Kyrgyz).
- AWIN 2015. AWIN welfare assessment protocol for horses. DOI: 10.13130/AWIN_HORSES, 2015.
- Blokhuis HJ, Miele M, Veissier I, Jones B 2013. Improving farm animal welfare: science and society working together: the welfare quality approach. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic
Publishers, 232.
- Broom DM, Johnson KG 1993. Stress and Animal Welfare, 1st ed.; Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 211.
- EC: European Convention for the Protection of Animals kept for Farming Purposes 1976. ETS No.087. Strasbourg, 10/03/1976. https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-
list/-/conventions/treaty/087
- Ivanov AA, Ksenofontova AA, Voynova OA 2012. Otsenka urovnya blagopoluchiya loshadey po fiziologo-gematologicheskim i etologicheskim pokazatelyam pri raznykh tekhnologiyakh
soderzhaniya. Izvestiya TSKHA, 6: 159 164. (in Russian).
- KRUSK (Kyrgyz Respublikasynyn uluttuk statistikalyk komiteti). Zhylky sany 2021. http://www.stat.kg/ru/ (kayryluu datasy: 10.06.2021). (in Kyrgyz).
- Kyrgyz elinin uyutkuluu syrlary 2013. Zhylky. Birinchi basylyshy. Bishkek, Kut Ber, 103. (in Kyrgyz).
- Kөchmөndөrdүn zhayyttary («Mal baguuchularga zhardam katary salttuu bilimderdin» seriyasy) 2011. Tүz. K. Shapakov, RDF. Bishkek, Mara, 42. (in Kyrgyz).
- Lesimple C 2020. Indicators of Horse Welfare: State-of-the-Art. Animals. 10(2): 294. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10020294
- OIE: Animal welfare 2021. https://www.oie.int/en/animal-welfare/animal-welfare-at-a-glance/ (кайрылуу датасы: 10.06.2021).
- Rollin BE 1993. Animal welfare, science, and value. J. Agric. Environ. Ethic. 6: 44 50.
- Sommerville R, Brown AF, Upjohn M 2018. A standardised equine-based welfare assessment tool used for six years in low and middle income countries. PLoS ONE 13(2): e0192354.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192354
- Sorensen J, Sandoe P, Halberg N 2001. Animal welfare as one amongst several values to be considered at farm level: the idea of an ethical account for livestock farming. Acta Agr.
Scand. A: An Suppl., 30: 1116.
- Statens Jordbruksverk 2009. Vägledning för kontrollmyndigheter m.fl. Bilaga Checklista häst version 1.0. Statens Jordbruksverk, Sverige.
- Sterling P, Eyer J 1988. Handbook of life stress, cognition and health. In Allostasis: A New Paradigm to Explain Arousal Pathology; Fisher S, Reason J, Eds.; Wiley: New York, NY, USA, 629–
649.
- Sydykbekov K 2016. Konevodstvo Kirgizstana i Perspektivı Razvitiya Plemennogo Konevodstva. Vestnik Kyrgyz national agrarian university after K.I. Skryabin. 3(39): 74 76. (in Russian).
- Tulobaev A 2020. Defining criteria for assessing the welfare of horses bred in range conditions in Kyrgyzstan. Manas Journal of Agriculture Veterinary and Life Sciences. 10(2): 110 115. (in
Turkish).
- Tulobaev A, Niyazbekova Z, Askarbek G, Jorubaev S 2018. Specificities of Horse-Herd Keeping the Kyrgyz Horse. Vestnik Kyrgyz national agrarian university after K.I. Skryabin. 2(47): 183
187. (in Kyrgyz).
- Turdubaev TJ, Imanov KE, Kashykeev KS 2014. Importance and current state of horse breeding in Kyrgyzstan. Vestnik Kyrgyz national agrarian university after K.I. Skryabin. Bishkek, 1
(30): 183 185. (in Russian).
- Uoring DKH 2007. Povedeniye loshadi. SPb.: Gramota-Plyus, 153. (in Russian).
- Viksten SM, Visser EK, Blokhuis HJ 2016. A comparative study of the application of two horse welfare assessment protocols. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A – Animal Science.
66, 1: 56 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09064702.2016.1186726.
- Visser EK, Neijenhuis F, de Graaf-Roelfsema E, Wesselink HGM, de Boer J, van Wijhe-Kiezebrink MC, van Reenen CG 2014. Risk factors associated with health disorders in sport and
leisure horses in The Netherlands. Journal of Animal Science, 92, 844855.
- Zhayyttardyn menedzhmenti: Fermerlerdin praktikalyk kөndүmdөrүn zhakshyrtuu boyuncha modul' 2017. Tүzүүchүlөr: ZH. Kozhomuratova, U. Fisher-Zuykov, A. Isakov, S. Dzhumabayeva,
A. Imanaliyev. Bishkek, 64. (in Kyrgyz).
Үйүрлүү жылкылардын бакубаттуулугун баалоо протоколунун концепциясы
Yıl 2021,
, 131 - 137, 23.12.2021
Askarbek Tulobaev
Öz
Кыргыз Республикасында жылкылардын бакубаттуулугун баалоо протоколунун концепциясын иштеп чыгууда, жылкыларды үйүрдө багуунун климаттык жана технологиялык өзгөчө шарттарын эске алуу зарыл. Макаланын максаты – тоолуу жайыттардын шарттарында асыралган үйүрлүү жылкылардын бакубаттуулугун баалоо протоколунун концепциясын аныктоо болуп саналат. Изилдөөлөрдүн темасына ылайык илимий булактарды иликтөөлөр илимий китепканаларда жана интернет булактарында жүргүзүлдү. Жайыттардын шартында асыралган жылкылардын бакубаттуулук деңгээлин баалоо критерийлери же өлчөнүүчү көрсөткүчтөрү байкоонун түз жана кыйыр ыкмалары колдонулуп такталды. Алынган маалыматтар салыштырма ыкмасы колдонулуп анализденди. Изилдөөлөрдүн жыйынтыгында бакубаттуулуктун «беш эркиндик» принциптерине негизделген төмөндөгүдөй концепциясы аныкталды: 1) Кыргыз Республикасында үйүрлүү жылкылардын бакубаттуулук деңгээлин баалоодо AWIN (2015) протоколу негиз катары кабыл алынышы максатка ылайыктуу; 2) Жылкылар үйүрдүн курамында асыралгандыктан, бардык бээлер жана айгыр иликтөөгө алынышы зарыл; 3) Баалоо прициптери болуп төмөндөгүлөр кабыл алынды: I. Жакшы жайыт; II. Жакшы ден-соолук; III. Талаптагыдай жүрүш-туруш; 4) Жылкылардын бакубаттуулук деңгээлине баа берүүдө, 7 критерийдин алкагындагы ар бири 5 баллдык система менен баалануучу 20 көрсөткүчтүн колдонулушунун талапка ылайыктыгы ортого чыкты. Үйүрлүү жылкылардын бакубаттуулук баалоо протоколу негизинен жылкынын физиологиялык абалын жана жүрүш-турушун чагылдырган көрсөткүчтөрдөн туруп (85%), жайыттын абалын, жылкыларды багуу жана тоюттандыруу шарттарын камтыган көрсөткүчтөр менен толукталып турат (15%).
Destekleyen Kurum
Kırgızistan-Türkiye Manas Üniversitesi ve «Muras Başatı» Toplum Vakfı
Proje Numarası
2018.FBE.04 (2018-2019), KTMU-BAP-2020.FB.03 (2020) ve KTMÜ-BAP-2021.FB.01
Teşekkür
Көрсөткөн көмөктөрү үчүн КТМУ жана МБКФ жетекчилигине ыраазычылык билдиребиз.
Kaynakça
- AHIC: Australian Horse Industry Council 2011. Australian Horse Welfare Protocol. Available: http://www.horsecouncil.org.au/ahic/
- Aldashev AA 1989. Mal charbasynyn zhana veterinariya terminderinin oruscha-kyrgyzcha sөzdүgү. Kyrgyzstan, Frunze (in Kyrgyz).
- AWIN 2015. AWIN welfare assessment protocol for horses. DOI: 10.13130/AWIN_HORSES, 2015.
- Blokhuis HJ, Miele M, Veissier I, Jones B 2013. Improving farm animal welfare: science and society working together: the welfare quality approach. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic
Publishers, 232.
- Broom DM, Johnson KG 1993. Stress and Animal Welfare, 1st ed.; Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 211.
- EC: European Convention for the Protection of Animals kept for Farming Purposes 1976. ETS No.087. Strasbourg, 10/03/1976. https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-
list/-/conventions/treaty/087
- Ivanov AA, Ksenofontova AA, Voynova OA 2012. Otsenka urovnya blagopoluchiya loshadey po fiziologo-gematologicheskim i etologicheskim pokazatelyam pri raznykh tekhnologiyakh
soderzhaniya. Izvestiya TSKHA, 6: 159 164. (in Russian).
- KRUSK (Kyrgyz Respublikasynyn uluttuk statistikalyk komiteti). Zhylky sany 2021. http://www.stat.kg/ru/ (kayryluu datasy: 10.06.2021). (in Kyrgyz).
- Kyrgyz elinin uyutkuluu syrlary 2013. Zhylky. Birinchi basylyshy. Bishkek, Kut Ber, 103. (in Kyrgyz).
- Kөchmөndөrdүn zhayyttary («Mal baguuchularga zhardam katary salttuu bilimderdin» seriyasy) 2011. Tүz. K. Shapakov, RDF. Bishkek, Mara, 42. (in Kyrgyz).
- Lesimple C 2020. Indicators of Horse Welfare: State-of-the-Art. Animals. 10(2): 294. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10020294
- OIE: Animal welfare 2021. https://www.oie.int/en/animal-welfare/animal-welfare-at-a-glance/ (кайрылуу датасы: 10.06.2021).
- Rollin BE 1993. Animal welfare, science, and value. J. Agric. Environ. Ethic. 6: 44 50.
- Sommerville R, Brown AF, Upjohn M 2018. A standardised equine-based welfare assessment tool used for six years in low and middle income countries. PLoS ONE 13(2): e0192354.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192354
- Sorensen J, Sandoe P, Halberg N 2001. Animal welfare as one amongst several values to be considered at farm level: the idea of an ethical account for livestock farming. Acta Agr.
Scand. A: An Suppl., 30: 1116.
- Statens Jordbruksverk 2009. Vägledning för kontrollmyndigheter m.fl. Bilaga Checklista häst version 1.0. Statens Jordbruksverk, Sverige.
- Sterling P, Eyer J 1988. Handbook of life stress, cognition and health. In Allostasis: A New Paradigm to Explain Arousal Pathology; Fisher S, Reason J, Eds.; Wiley: New York, NY, USA, 629–
649.
- Sydykbekov K 2016. Konevodstvo Kirgizstana i Perspektivı Razvitiya Plemennogo Konevodstva. Vestnik Kyrgyz national agrarian university after K.I. Skryabin. 3(39): 74 76. (in Russian).
- Tulobaev A 2020. Defining criteria for assessing the welfare of horses bred in range conditions in Kyrgyzstan. Manas Journal of Agriculture Veterinary and Life Sciences. 10(2): 110 115. (in
Turkish).
- Tulobaev A, Niyazbekova Z, Askarbek G, Jorubaev S 2018. Specificities of Horse-Herd Keeping the Kyrgyz Horse. Vestnik Kyrgyz national agrarian university after K.I. Skryabin. 2(47): 183
187. (in Kyrgyz).
- Turdubaev TJ, Imanov KE, Kashykeev KS 2014. Importance and current state of horse breeding in Kyrgyzstan. Vestnik Kyrgyz national agrarian university after K.I. Skryabin. Bishkek, 1
(30): 183 185. (in Russian).
- Uoring DKH 2007. Povedeniye loshadi. SPb.: Gramota-Plyus, 153. (in Russian).
- Viksten SM, Visser EK, Blokhuis HJ 2016. A comparative study of the application of two horse welfare assessment protocols. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A – Animal Science.
66, 1: 56 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09064702.2016.1186726.
- Visser EK, Neijenhuis F, de Graaf-Roelfsema E, Wesselink HGM, de Boer J, van Wijhe-Kiezebrink MC, van Reenen CG 2014. Risk factors associated with health disorders in sport and
leisure horses in The Netherlands. Journal of Animal Science, 92, 844855.
- Zhayyttardyn menedzhmenti: Fermerlerdin praktikalyk kөndүmdөrүn zhakshyrtuu boyuncha modul' 2017. Tүzүүchүlөr: ZH. Kozhomuratova, U. Fisher-Zuykov, A. Isakov, S. Dzhumabayeva,
A. Imanaliyev. Bishkek, 64. (in Kyrgyz).
The Concept of Welfare Assessment Protocol for Horses in Herd
Yıl 2021,
, 131 - 137, 23.12.2021
Askarbek Tulobaev
Öz
The scientific community has developed several concepts to characterize and appreciate animal welfare. Behavioural approaches state that animals should live accordingly to their nature and should be able to perform all necessary behaviours without aversion. Physiological approaches based on the concepts of homeostasis and allostasis have been developed. In developing the concept of the welfare assessment protocol for horses in the Kyrgyz Republic, it is necessary to take into account the special climatic and technological conditions for keeping horses in herds. The purpose of this article is to define the concept of the protocol for assessing the welfare of herd horses bred in mountain pastures. Scientific review of sources in accordance with the research topic was conducted in scientific libraries and Internet sources. Criteria or indicators for assessing the level of well-being of horses bred in pasture conditions were clarified using direct and indirect methods of observation. The obtained data were analyzed using the comparative method. The study identified the following concept of well-being based on the principles of the "five freedoms": 1) It is expedient to adopt the AWIN (2015) protocol as a basis for assessing the level of welfare of horse-herd in the Kyrgyz Republic; 2) Since horses are bred in a herd, all mares and stallions should be examined; 3) The principles of evaluation are as follows: I. Good pasture; II. Good health; III. Proper behavior; 4) In assessing the level of well-being of horses, it was found appropriate to use 20 indicators, each of which is assessed on a 5-point scale within the framework of 7 criteria. The protocol for the assessment of the well-being of horse-herd consists mainly of indicators reflecting the physiological condition and behavior of the horse (85%), supplemented by indicators covering the condition of pastures, conditions of breeding and feeding horses (15%).
Proje Numarası
2018.FBE.04 (2018-2019), KTMU-BAP-2020.FB.03 (2020) ve KTMÜ-BAP-2021.FB.01
Kaynakça
- AHIC: Australian Horse Industry Council 2011. Australian Horse Welfare Protocol. Available: http://www.horsecouncil.org.au/ahic/
- Aldashev AA 1989. Mal charbasynyn zhana veterinariya terminderinin oruscha-kyrgyzcha sөzdүgү. Kyrgyzstan, Frunze (in Kyrgyz).
- AWIN 2015. AWIN welfare assessment protocol for horses. DOI: 10.13130/AWIN_HORSES, 2015.
- Blokhuis HJ, Miele M, Veissier I, Jones B 2013. Improving farm animal welfare: science and society working together: the welfare quality approach. Wageningen: Wageningen Academic
Publishers, 232.
- Broom DM, Johnson KG 1993. Stress and Animal Welfare, 1st ed.; Kluwer Academic Publishers: Dordrecht, The Netherlands, 211.
- EC: European Convention for the Protection of Animals kept for Farming Purposes 1976. ETS No.087. Strasbourg, 10/03/1976. https://www.coe.int/en/web/conventions/full-
list/-/conventions/treaty/087
- Ivanov AA, Ksenofontova AA, Voynova OA 2012. Otsenka urovnya blagopoluchiya loshadey po fiziologo-gematologicheskim i etologicheskim pokazatelyam pri raznykh tekhnologiyakh
soderzhaniya. Izvestiya TSKHA, 6: 159 164. (in Russian).
- KRUSK (Kyrgyz Respublikasynyn uluttuk statistikalyk komiteti). Zhylky sany 2021. http://www.stat.kg/ru/ (kayryluu datasy: 10.06.2021). (in Kyrgyz).
- Kyrgyz elinin uyutkuluu syrlary 2013. Zhylky. Birinchi basylyshy. Bishkek, Kut Ber, 103. (in Kyrgyz).
- Kөchmөndөrdүn zhayyttary («Mal baguuchularga zhardam katary salttuu bilimderdin» seriyasy) 2011. Tүz. K. Shapakov, RDF. Bishkek, Mara, 42. (in Kyrgyz).
- Lesimple C 2020. Indicators of Horse Welfare: State-of-the-Art. Animals. 10(2): 294. https://doi.org/10.3390/ani10020294
- OIE: Animal welfare 2021. https://www.oie.int/en/animal-welfare/animal-welfare-at-a-glance/ (кайрылуу датасы: 10.06.2021).
- Rollin BE 1993. Animal welfare, science, and value. J. Agric. Environ. Ethic. 6: 44 50.
- Sommerville R, Brown AF, Upjohn M 2018. A standardised equine-based welfare assessment tool used for six years in low and middle income countries. PLoS ONE 13(2): e0192354.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0192354
- Sorensen J, Sandoe P, Halberg N 2001. Animal welfare as one amongst several values to be considered at farm level: the idea of an ethical account for livestock farming. Acta Agr.
Scand. A: An Suppl., 30: 1116.
- Statens Jordbruksverk 2009. Vägledning för kontrollmyndigheter m.fl. Bilaga Checklista häst version 1.0. Statens Jordbruksverk, Sverige.
- Sterling P, Eyer J 1988. Handbook of life stress, cognition and health. In Allostasis: A New Paradigm to Explain Arousal Pathology; Fisher S, Reason J, Eds.; Wiley: New York, NY, USA, 629–
649.
- Sydykbekov K 2016. Konevodstvo Kirgizstana i Perspektivı Razvitiya Plemennogo Konevodstva. Vestnik Kyrgyz national agrarian university after K.I. Skryabin. 3(39): 74 76. (in Russian).
- Tulobaev A 2020. Defining criteria for assessing the welfare of horses bred in range conditions in Kyrgyzstan. Manas Journal of Agriculture Veterinary and Life Sciences. 10(2): 110 115. (in
Turkish).
- Tulobaev A, Niyazbekova Z, Askarbek G, Jorubaev S 2018. Specificities of Horse-Herd Keeping the Kyrgyz Horse. Vestnik Kyrgyz national agrarian university after K.I. Skryabin. 2(47): 183
187. (in Kyrgyz).
- Turdubaev TJ, Imanov KE, Kashykeev KS 2014. Importance and current state of horse breeding in Kyrgyzstan. Vestnik Kyrgyz national agrarian university after K.I. Skryabin. Bishkek, 1
(30): 183 185. (in Russian).
- Uoring DKH 2007. Povedeniye loshadi. SPb.: Gramota-Plyus, 153. (in Russian).
- Viksten SM, Visser EK, Blokhuis HJ 2016. A comparative study of the application of two horse welfare assessment protocols. Acta Agriculturae Scandinavica, Section A – Animal Science.
66, 1: 56 65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09064702.2016.1186726.
- Visser EK, Neijenhuis F, de Graaf-Roelfsema E, Wesselink HGM, de Boer J, van Wijhe-Kiezebrink MC, van Reenen CG 2014. Risk factors associated with health disorders in sport and
leisure horses in The Netherlands. Journal of Animal Science, 92, 844855.
- Zhayyttardyn menedzhmenti: Fermerlerdin praktikalyk kөndүmdөrүn zhakshyrtuu boyuncha modul' 2017. Tүzүүchүlөr: ZH. Kozhomuratova, U. Fisher-Zuykov, A. Isakov, S. Dzhumabayeva,
A. Imanaliyev. Bishkek, 64. (in Kyrgyz).