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Potasyum Karbonat ve Bikarbonatın Sclerotium oryzae’nin Misel Gelişimi Üzerine Antifungal Etkisi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 6 - 10, 24.06.2020

Öz

Bu çalışmada, potasyum karbonat (PK) ve potasyum bikarbonat (PBK)’ın Sclerotium oryzae’nin misel gelişimi üzerindeki antifungal etkinliği in vitro koşullarda araştırılmıştır. Tuzların fungusun misel gelişimi üzerine antifungal etkisi %0.05, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 ve 1.0 (w/v) konsantrasyonları kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. In vitro testler, artan PK ve PBK konsantrasyonlarının kontrol ile kıyasla fungusun misel gelişimi üzerindeki engelleyici etkileri arasında önemli farklılıklar olduğunu göstermiştir (P<0.05). Her iki tuzun %1.0 konsantrasyonları miselyal gelişimi tamamen engellerken, bunların diğer konsantrasyonlarda ise tam engelleme olmamıştır. Ayrıca, tuzların misel gelişmesini %50 oranında azaltan konsantrasyon (EC50) değerleri karşılaştırıldığında, PK fungusa karşı daha güçlü bir engelleyici etki göstermiştir. Diğer taraftan her iki tuzun misel gelişmesini tamamen engelleyen en küçük konsantrasyon (MIC) değerlerinin %1.0 olduğu gözlenmiştir. Sonuç olarak, bu çalışmanın bulguları, potasyum karbonat ve bikarbonat tuzlarının S. oryzae’nin neden olduğu çeltikte sap çürüklüğü hastalığının mücadelesi için sentetik fungisitlere bir alternatif olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

Destekleyen Kurum

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Kaynakça

  • Aktaş H, Tunalı B (1986). Türkiye’de ekimi yapılan ve ümit var çeltik çeşitlerinin Pyricularia oryzae Bri. et Cav., Drechslera oryzae Subram. and Jan ve Fusarium moniliforme Sheld’ye karşı reaksiyonlarının saptanması. Bitki Koruma Bülteni. 26 (1-2): 41-58.
  • Anonymous (1992). Compendium of Rice Diseases. APS Press., St. Paul, Minnesota. 62 s.
  • Anonymous (2018). Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. www.tuik.gov.tr. (Erişim tarihi: 15 Kasım, 2019).
  • Arslan U, Kadir I, Vardar C, Karabulut OA (2009). Evaluation of antifungal activity of food additives against soilborne phytopathogenic fungi. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 25: 537–543.
  • Bombelli EC, Wright ER (2006). Tomato fruit quality conservation during post-harvest by application of potassium bicarbonate and its effect on Botrytis cinerea. Cien. Inv. Agr. (In English) 33 (3): 167-172. Ciencia e investigación Agraria. 33 (3): 167-172.
  • Bremer H, Özkan H (1946). Türkiye’de çeltik hastalıkları. Ziraat Dergisi. 73-74: 41-53.
  • Cintas NA, Webster RK (2001). Effects of rice straw management on Sclerotium oryzae inoculum, stem rot severity, and yield of rice in California. Plant disease. 85 (11): 1140-1144.
  • Cother E, Nicol H (1999). Susceptibility of Australian rice cultivars to the stem rot fungus Sclerotium oryzae. Australasian Plant Pathology. 28 (1): 85-91.
  • Erper İ, Karaca G, Deligöz İ (2007). Çeltik Sap Çürüklüğü Hastalığının Samsun'daki Yaygınlığı, Şiddeti ve Bazı Çeltik Çeşitlerinin Hastalığa Karşı Duyarlılıklarının Belirlenmesi. The Journal of Turkish Phytopathology. 36 (1-2-3): 31-38.
  • Erper İ, Turkkan M, Karaca GH, Kilic G (2011). Evaluation of in vitro antifungal activity of potassium bicarbonate on Rhizoctonia solani AG 4 HG-I, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Trichoderma sp. African Journal of Biotechnology. 10 (43): 8605-8612.
  • Fallik E, Ziv O, Grinberg S, Alkalai S, Klein JD (1997). Bicarbonate solutions control powdery mildew (Leveillula taurica) on sweet red pepper and reduce the development of postharvest fruit rotting. Phytoparasitica. 25 (1): 41-43.
  • FDA2016.http://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/GRAS/SCOGS/default.htm. (Erişim Tarihi: 01 Kasım, 2016).
  • Gabler FM, Smilanick JL (2001). Postharvest control of table grape gray mold on detached berries with carbonate and bicarbonate salts and disinfectants. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture. 52 (1): 12-20.
  • Hussain S, Ghaffar A (1993). Effect of tillage practices on the population and viability of sclerotia of Sclerotium oryzae and yield of rice. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 25: 232-232.
  • Jabnoun-Khiareddine H, Abdallah R, El-Mohamedy R, Abdel-Kareem F, Gueddes-Chahed M, Hajlaoui A, Daami-Remadi M (2016). Comparative efficacy of potassium salts against soil-borne and air-borne fungi and their ability to suppress tomato wilt and fruit rots. Journal of Microbial and Biochemical Technology. 8 (2): 45-55.
  • Khush GS (1997). Origin, dispersal, cultivation and variation of rice. Plant molecular biology. 35 (1-2): 25-34.
  • Krause RA, Webster RK (1973). Stem rot in rice in California. Phytopathology. 63: 518-523.
  • Mecteau MR, Joseph A, Tweddell RJ (2002). Effect of organic and inorganic salts on the growth and development of Fusarium sambucinum, a causal agent of potato dry rot. Mycological Research. 106 (6): 688-696.
  • Mills AAS, Platt HW, Hurta RA (2004). Effect of salt compounds on mycelial growth, sporulation and spore germination of various potato pathogens. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 34 (3): 341-350.
  • Olivier C, Halseth DE, Mizubuti ES, Loria R (1998). Postharvest application of organic and inorganic salts for suppression of silver scurf on potato tubers. Plant Disease. 82 (2): 213-217.
  • Ordóñez-Valencia C, Alarcón A, Ferrera-Cerrato R, Hernández-Cuevas LV (2009). In vitro antifungal effects of potassium bicarbonate on Trichoderma sp. and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Mycoscience, 50(5), 380-387.
  • Palmer CL, Horst RK, Langhans RW (1997). Use of bicarbonates to inhibit in vitro colony growth of Botrytis cinerea. Plant disease. 81 (12): 1432-1438.
  • Palou L, Usall J, Smilanick JL, Aguilar MJ, Vinas I (2002). Evaluation of food additives and low‐toxicity compounds as alternative chemicals for the control of Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum on citrus fruit. Pest management science. 58 (5): 459-466.
  • Punja ZK, Grogan RG (1982). Effects of inorganic salts, carbonate-bicarbonate anions, ammonia, and the modifying influence of pH on sclerotial germination of Sclerotium rolfsii. Phytopathology. 72 (6): 635-639.
  • Punja ZK, Gaye MM (1993). Influence of postharvest handling practices and dip treatments on development of black root rot on fresh market carrots. Plant disease. 77 (10): 989-995.
  • Ricker MD, Punja ZK (1991). Influence of fungicide and chemical salt dip treatments on crater rot caused by Rhizoctonia carotae in long-term storage. Plant disease (USA).
  • Smilanick JL, Margosan DA, Mlikota F, Usall J, Michael IF (1999). Control of citrus green mold by carbonate and bicarbonate salts and the influence of commercial postharvest practices on their efficacy. Plant disease. 83 (2): 139-145.
  • Sürek H (1995). Diseases of rice in Turkey. Cahiers Options Méditerraneennes. 15 (3): 45–47.
  • Thind TS, Sharma VK (2007). Rice diseases: Ecology and control. Encyclopedia of, 556.
  • Türkkan M, Erper İ (2014). Evaluation of antifungal activity of sodium salts against onion basal rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae. Plant Protection Science. 50 (1): 19-25.
  • Türkkan M, Erper İ (2015). Inhibitory influence of organic and inorganic sodium salts and synthetic fungicides against bean root rot pathogens. Gesunde Pflanzen. 67(2): 83-94.
  • Türkkan M, Özcan M, Erper İ (2017). Antifungal effect of carbonate and bicarbonate salts against Botrytis cinerea, the casual agent of grey mould of kiwifruit. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi. 6 (2): 107-114.
  • Van Toor RF, Jaspers MV, Stewart A (2004). Bicarbonate salts and calcium cyanamide suppress apothecial production by Ciborinia camelliae. New Zealand Plant Protection. 57: 142-145.

Potasyum Karbonat ve Bikarbonatın Sclerotium oryzae’nin Misel Gelişimi Üzerine Antifungal Etkisi

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1, 6 - 10, 24.06.2020

Öz

Bu çalışmada, çeltik sap çürüklüğüne neden olan Sclerotium oryzae’nin mücadelesi için sentetik fungisitlere muhtemel alternatif olarak, potasyum karbonat (PK) ve potasyum bikarbonat (PBK)’ın etkisi in vitro koşullarda araştırılmıştır. Tuzların fungusun miselyum büyümesi üzerine etkisi %0.05, 0.10, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75 ve 1.0 (w/v) konsantrasyonları kullanılarak belirlenmiştir. In vitro testler hem PK hem de PBK’nın artan konsantrasyonlarının engelleyici etkileri arasında önemli farklılıklar olduğunu (P<0.05) ve her iki tuzun %1.0 konsantrasyonunun misel gelişimini tamamen engellediğini, diğer konsantrasyonlarda ise tam engellemenin olmadığını göstermiştir. Buna ek olarak tuzların misel gelişmesini %50 oranında azaltan konsantrasyon (EC50) değerleri karşılaştırıldığında, potasyum karbonatın fungusa karşı daha engelleyici bir etkiye sahip olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Diğer taraftan her iki tuzun misel gelişmesini tamamen engelleyen en küçük konsantrasyon (MIC) değerlerinin %1.0’de olduğu gözlenmiştir. Özet olarak çalışma bulguları, potasyum tuzlarının S. oryzae’nin neden olduğu çeltikte sap çürüklüğü hastalığının mücadelesi için sentetik fungisitlere bir alternatif olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermektedir.

Kaynakça

  • Aktaş H, Tunalı B (1986). Türkiye’de ekimi yapılan ve ümit var çeltik çeşitlerinin Pyricularia oryzae Bri. et Cav., Drechslera oryzae Subram. and Jan ve Fusarium moniliforme Sheld’ye karşı reaksiyonlarının saptanması. Bitki Koruma Bülteni. 26 (1-2): 41-58.
  • Anonymous (1992). Compendium of Rice Diseases. APS Press., St. Paul, Minnesota. 62 s.
  • Anonymous (2018). Türkiye İstatistik Kurumu. www.tuik.gov.tr. (Erişim tarihi: 15 Kasım, 2019).
  • Arslan U, Kadir I, Vardar C, Karabulut OA (2009). Evaluation of antifungal activity of food additives against soilborne phytopathogenic fungi. World Journal of Microbiology and Biotechnology. 25: 537–543.
  • Bombelli EC, Wright ER (2006). Tomato fruit quality conservation during post-harvest by application of potassium bicarbonate and its effect on Botrytis cinerea. Cien. Inv. Agr. (In English) 33 (3): 167-172. Ciencia e investigación Agraria. 33 (3): 167-172.
  • Bremer H, Özkan H (1946). Türkiye’de çeltik hastalıkları. Ziraat Dergisi. 73-74: 41-53.
  • Cintas NA, Webster RK (2001). Effects of rice straw management on Sclerotium oryzae inoculum, stem rot severity, and yield of rice in California. Plant disease. 85 (11): 1140-1144.
  • Cother E, Nicol H (1999). Susceptibility of Australian rice cultivars to the stem rot fungus Sclerotium oryzae. Australasian Plant Pathology. 28 (1): 85-91.
  • Erper İ, Karaca G, Deligöz İ (2007). Çeltik Sap Çürüklüğü Hastalığının Samsun'daki Yaygınlığı, Şiddeti ve Bazı Çeltik Çeşitlerinin Hastalığa Karşı Duyarlılıklarının Belirlenmesi. The Journal of Turkish Phytopathology. 36 (1-2-3): 31-38.
  • Erper İ, Turkkan M, Karaca GH, Kilic G (2011). Evaluation of in vitro antifungal activity of potassium bicarbonate on Rhizoctonia solani AG 4 HG-I, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum and Trichoderma sp. African Journal of Biotechnology. 10 (43): 8605-8612.
  • Fallik E, Ziv O, Grinberg S, Alkalai S, Klein JD (1997). Bicarbonate solutions control powdery mildew (Leveillula taurica) on sweet red pepper and reduce the development of postharvest fruit rotting. Phytoparasitica. 25 (1): 41-43.
  • FDA2016.http://www.fda.gov/Food/IngredientsPackagingLabeling/GRAS/SCOGS/default.htm. (Erişim Tarihi: 01 Kasım, 2016).
  • Gabler FM, Smilanick JL (2001). Postharvest control of table grape gray mold on detached berries with carbonate and bicarbonate salts and disinfectants. American Journal of Enology and Viticulture. 52 (1): 12-20.
  • Hussain S, Ghaffar A (1993). Effect of tillage practices on the population and viability of sclerotia of Sclerotium oryzae and yield of rice. Pakistan Journal of Botany. 25: 232-232.
  • Jabnoun-Khiareddine H, Abdallah R, El-Mohamedy R, Abdel-Kareem F, Gueddes-Chahed M, Hajlaoui A, Daami-Remadi M (2016). Comparative efficacy of potassium salts against soil-borne and air-borne fungi and their ability to suppress tomato wilt and fruit rots. Journal of Microbial and Biochemical Technology. 8 (2): 45-55.
  • Khush GS (1997). Origin, dispersal, cultivation and variation of rice. Plant molecular biology. 35 (1-2): 25-34.
  • Krause RA, Webster RK (1973). Stem rot in rice in California. Phytopathology. 63: 518-523.
  • Mecteau MR, Joseph A, Tweddell RJ (2002). Effect of organic and inorganic salts on the growth and development of Fusarium sambucinum, a causal agent of potato dry rot. Mycological Research. 106 (6): 688-696.
  • Mills AAS, Platt HW, Hurta RA (2004). Effect of salt compounds on mycelial growth, sporulation and spore germination of various potato pathogens. Postharvest Biology and Technology. 34 (3): 341-350.
  • Olivier C, Halseth DE, Mizubuti ES, Loria R (1998). Postharvest application of organic and inorganic salts for suppression of silver scurf on potato tubers. Plant Disease. 82 (2): 213-217.
  • Ordóñez-Valencia C, Alarcón A, Ferrera-Cerrato R, Hernández-Cuevas LV (2009). In vitro antifungal effects of potassium bicarbonate on Trichoderma sp. and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum. Mycoscience, 50(5), 380-387.
  • Palmer CL, Horst RK, Langhans RW (1997). Use of bicarbonates to inhibit in vitro colony growth of Botrytis cinerea. Plant disease. 81 (12): 1432-1438.
  • Palou L, Usall J, Smilanick JL, Aguilar MJ, Vinas I (2002). Evaluation of food additives and low‐toxicity compounds as alternative chemicals for the control of Penicillium digitatum and Penicillium italicum on citrus fruit. Pest management science. 58 (5): 459-466.
  • Punja ZK, Grogan RG (1982). Effects of inorganic salts, carbonate-bicarbonate anions, ammonia, and the modifying influence of pH on sclerotial germination of Sclerotium rolfsii. Phytopathology. 72 (6): 635-639.
  • Punja ZK, Gaye MM (1993). Influence of postharvest handling practices and dip treatments on development of black root rot on fresh market carrots. Plant disease. 77 (10): 989-995.
  • Ricker MD, Punja ZK (1991). Influence of fungicide and chemical salt dip treatments on crater rot caused by Rhizoctonia carotae in long-term storage. Plant disease (USA).
  • Smilanick JL, Margosan DA, Mlikota F, Usall J, Michael IF (1999). Control of citrus green mold by carbonate and bicarbonate salts and the influence of commercial postharvest practices on their efficacy. Plant disease. 83 (2): 139-145.
  • Sürek H (1995). Diseases of rice in Turkey. Cahiers Options Méditerraneennes. 15 (3): 45–47.
  • Thind TS, Sharma VK (2007). Rice diseases: Ecology and control. Encyclopedia of, 556.
  • Türkkan M, Erper İ (2014). Evaluation of antifungal activity of sodium salts against onion basal rot caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. cepae. Plant Protection Science. 50 (1): 19-25.
  • Türkkan M, Erper İ (2015). Inhibitory influence of organic and inorganic sodium salts and synthetic fungicides against bean root rot pathogens. Gesunde Pflanzen. 67(2): 83-94.
  • Türkkan M, Özcan M, Erper İ (2017). Antifungal effect of carbonate and bicarbonate salts against Botrytis cinerea, the casual agent of grey mould of kiwifruit. Akademik Ziraat Dergisi. 6 (2): 107-114.
  • Van Toor RF, Jaspers MV, Stewart A (2004). Bicarbonate salts and calcium cyanamide suppress apothecial production by Ciborinia camelliae. New Zealand Plant Protection. 57: 142-145.
Toplam 33 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil Türkçe
Konular Ziraat Mühendisliği
Bölüm Araştırma Makalesi
Yazarlar

Elif Yıldırım 0000-0001-8724-5331

Muharrem Türkkan 0000-0001-7779-9365

Ramazan Elevülü Bu kişi benim 0000-0002-0457-9238

Mustafa Enes Muktar Bu kişi benim

İsmail Erper 0000-0001-7952-8489

Yayımlanma Tarihi 24 Haziran 2020
Gönderilme Tarihi 17 Şubat 2020
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2020 Cilt: 10 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Yıldırım, E., Türkkan, M., Elevülü, R., Muktar, M. E., vd. (2020). Potasyum Karbonat ve Bikarbonatın Sclerotium oryzae’nin Misel Gelişimi Üzerine Antifungal Etkisi. Manas Journal of Agriculture Veterinary and Life Sciences, 10(1), 6-10.