Scientific activities that started in the 9th century in the Islamic world witnessed important developments in all fields of positive sciences. Geometric patterns guided the decoration of Islamic art between the 11th and 13th centuries and works of high artistic value were produced in every field from architecture to book arts. Seljuk bookbinders also made maximum use of the geometric decoration and applied these patterns on the bindings and created a unique style by supporting the insides of the covers with rumi, rumi-geometric or floral compositions. After the third quarter of the 13th century, the Seljuk bookbinding style progressed under the roof of the Karamanid Principality and the Mamluk State and produced works in the same style and presented outstanding examples compared to the bindings in the Islamic geography. In the Topkapı Palace Museum Library, a meticulous study was carried out on the bookbinding and case groups that were removed from the books they belonged to and put into a warehouse for various reasons. In total, 6773 pieces of various bindings and cases were examined and it was determined that fourteen of them were decorated with geometric interlaced and knitted, also one of them was sealed by a bookbinder. Bookbindings; imprint definitions were made by evaluating them in terms of pattern, technique and composition, after that they were also compared with examples with similar ornaments in other museums and libraries.
Turkish Bookbinding Art Topkapi Palace Topkapi Palace Museum Library Seljuks Principalities Geometric Pattern Interlace Knitting Bookbinder Seal Ornament
Öz
IX. yüzyılda İslâm dünyasında başlayan bilimsel faaliyetler, pozitif bilimlerin her alanında önemli gelişmelere sahne
olmuştur. XI. ve XIII. yüzyıllar arasındaki İslâm sanatının tezyinatına geometrik desenler kılavuzluk etmiş ve mimariden
kitap sanatlarına kadar her alanda sanat değeri yüksek eserler vücuda getirilmiştir. Selçuklu mücellitleri de hendesî bezemeden
azami derecede istifade ederek bu desenleri ciltlerde uygulamış ve kap içlerini de rûmî, rûmî-geometrik veya
bitkisel kompozisyonlarla destekleyerek kendine has bir üslûp oluşturmuşlardır. Selçuklu cilt üslûbu, XIII. yüzyılın üçüncü
çeyreğinden sonra Karamanoğulları Beyliği ve Memlük Devleti’nin çatısı altında ilerlemiş ve aynı tarzda eserler üretilerek
İslâm coğrafyasındaki ciltlere nazaran seçkin örneklerini sunmuştur. Topkapı Sarayı Müzesi Kütüphanesi’nde çeşitli
sebeplerle ait oldukları kitaplardan sökülerek bir depoya ayrılan cilt ve mahfaza gruplarıyla ilgili titiz bir çalışma yürütülmüştür.
Toplamda 8.143 adet muhtelif cilt ve mahfaza parçaları incelenmiş; bunlardan on dört tanesinin geometrik geçme
ve örgülerle bezendikleri, bir adedinin de mücellit imzalı olduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ciltler desen, teknik ve kompozisyon
açısından değerlendirilerek künye tanımlamaları yapılmış; ayrıca diğer müze ve kütüphanelerdeki benzer tezyinata sahip
örneklerle de karşılaştırılmıştır.
Abstract
Scientific activities that started in the 9th century in the Islamic world witnessed important developments in all fields
of positive sciences. Geometric patterns guided the decoration of Islamic art between the 11th and 13th centuries and
works of high artistic value were produced in every field from architecture to book arts. Seljuk bookbinders also made
maximum use of the geometric decoration and applied these patterns on the bindings and created a unique style by supporting
the insides of the covers with rumi, rumi-geometric or floral compositions. After the third quarter of the 13th
century, the Seljuk bookbinding style progressed under the roof of the Karamanid Principality and the Mamluk State and
produced works in the same style and presented outstanding examples compared to the bindings in the Islamic geography.
In the Topkapı Palace Museum Library, a meticulous study was carried out on the bookbinding and case groups that were
removed from the books they belonged to and put into a warehouse for various reasons. In total, 8.143 pieces of various
bindings and cases were examined and it was determined that fourteen of them were decorated with geometric interlaced
and knitted, also one of them was sealed by a bookbinder. Imprint definitions of bookbindings were made by evaluating
them in terms of pattern, technique and composition, after that they were also compared with examples with similar ornaments
in the other museums and libraries.
Türk Cilt Sanatı Topkapı Sarayı Topkapı Sarayı Müzesi Kütüphanesi Selçuklu Beylikler Geometrik Desen Geçme Örgü Mücellit İmzası Tezyinat
Birincil Dil | Türkçe |
---|---|
Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
Yazarlar | |
Yayımlanma Tarihi | 22 Aralık 2021 |
Gönderilme Tarihi | 15 Kasım 2021 |
Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2021 Sayı: 21 |