KAMU YÖNETİMİ, KATILIMCILIK VE VATANDAŞIN DEĞİŞEN ROLÜ: SEÇMENDEN ORTAK ÜRETİCİ VATANDAŞA

Yıl 2021, Cilt: 16 Sayı: 35, 37 - 72, 30.06.2021

Çağrı Çolak

Öz

Vatandaş katılımı, hem demokrasinin hem de siyaset biliminin önde gelen değerlerinden biridir. Etkisini ilk olarak siyaset biliminde hissettiren katılım tartışmaları, temsilî demokrasinin yol açtığı meşruiyet sorunlarından kaynağını
almaktadır. Çok geçmeden kamu yönetimi alanına da sirayet eden bu tartışmalardaki temel unsur, kamu politikalarına ilişkin karar alma süreçlerine vatandaşların aktif katılımıdır. Ancak 21. yüzyılın kamu yönetimi anlayışında vatandaş rolünün, bundan daha fazlası olduğu kabul edilmektedir. Bu çalışmada, vatandaşın dönüşen rolünün, katılım bağlamında ele alınması amaçlanmaktadır. Bunun için ilk olarak vatandaşlık, katılım, katılımcı demokrasi ve
katılımcı kamu yönetimi kavramlarına yer verilmekte, ardından iki temel
kamu yönetimi modelindeki (Geleneksel Kamu Yönetimi ve Yeni Kamu İşletmeciliği) vatandaş rolleri incelenmektedir. Üçüncü olarak, yeni dönemdeki
(Post – Yeni Kamu İşletmeciliği) ortak üretici vatandaş rolüne değinilmekte ve
kamu yönetiminde yaşanan dönüşüm, söz konusu üç modeldeki argümanlar
üzerinden değerlendirilmektedir. Son olarak ise birlikte üretim uygulama örnekleri ve vatandaşların bu kapsamda üstlendikleri somut roller sıralanmaktadır. Bu açıdan ortaya çıkan en belirgin sonuç, artık vatandaşlardan yalnızca
karar alma süreçlerine katılımlarının değil, aynı zamanda kamu hizmetinin
üretimi ve sunumuna da katılmalarının beklenmesidir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Kamu Yönetimi, Katılım, Vatandaş Katılımı, Ortak Üretici, Vatandaş, Kamu Hizmeti

Kaynakça

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