PARA TEORİSİ IŞIĞINDA KRİPTO PARALARA DAİR GENEL BİR DEĞERLENDİRME

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 1 Sayı: 2, 147 - 165, 30.09.2020

Necip İhsan Arıkan

Öz

M.Ö. 3200 yıllarında gerçekleşen yazının icadından önce ticari faaliyetler; her biri farklı mal ve hizmeti temsil eden “Token” isimli küçük sembollerle yapılmaktaydı. Günümüzde kullanılan kripto tokenlerin ve kripto coinlerin aslında tarihi Token’lerin dijital ve güncel versiyonları olduğu söylenebilir. Tıpkı geçmişte mal-paradan itibari paraya düzenli bir geçişin görülmediği gibi, fiziki paradan dijitale geçiş de simetrik bir çizgi gibi doğrusal olmayacaktır. Nitekim tarih doğrusal bir süreç değildir. 2008 ve 2009 yılları; hem finansal kurumlara güvenin sarsıldığı bir küresel kriz dönemi hem de alternatif de facto mali araçlar olarak Bitcoin ve türevlerinin ortaya çıktığı bir zaman dilimidir. Kripto paraların günümüzde hala paranın üç temel işlevini tam olarak yerine getiremediği görülmektedir. Ancak paranın tanımı ve özellikleri tarih boyunca değişmiş ve gelişmiştir. Bu bağlamda ve akıllı sözleşmelerin de etkisiyle, kripto para topluluğunda sıklıkla “kripto paraların paradan fazlası olduğu / olacağı” iddiası dile getirilmektedir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

kripto para, para kuramı, blokzincir, Bitcoin, Para 4.0

AN OVERVIEW OF THE CRYPTOCURRENCIES; THE THEORY OF MONEY PERSPECTIVE

Öz

Before the invention of writing, which took place around 3200 B.C., commercial activities were carried out with small symbols named "Token", each representing different goods and services. It can be claim that the crypto tokens and crypto coins used today are digital and current versions of historical Tokens. As there is no regular transition from commodity money to fiat money, the transition from paper money to digital will not be outright just like a symmetrical line. Indeed, history is not a linear process. 2008 and 2009 were the years when both the global crisis happened where the trust in the traditional financial system was shaken and Bitcoin and its derivatives emerged as alternative de facto fiscal instruments. It is observed that crypto currencies still cannot fulfil the three basic functions of money. However, in the historical process, the definition and characteristics of money have changed and developed. Based on this thesis and the effect of smart contracts, the cryptocurrency community claims that cryptocurrencies are / will be more than money.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Cryptocurrency, the theory of money, blockchain, bitcoin, money 4.0

Kaynakça

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