Araştırma Makalesi
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Çalışanların Dijitalleşme Yetkinlikleri ve Tutumlarındaki Farklılıklar: Sigortacılık ve Bankacılık Sektöründe Bir Araştırma

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 101 - 128, 19.03.2025

Öz

Bu araştırma, sigortacılık ve bankacılık sektörlerinde çalışanların dijitalleşme yetkinlikleri ve tutumlarındaki farklılıkları incelemeyi amaçlamaktadır. 2024 yılı Aralık ayında, İstanbul’daki sigortacılık ve bankacılık sektöründe faaliyet gösteren 212 çalışanla yapılan online anket aracılığıyla veri toplanmıştır. Veriler, SPSS 21 ve SPSS AMOS 21 yazılımları kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Güvenirlik testleri için Cronbach alfa katsayısı, yapısal eşitlik modellemesi için Doğrulayıcı Faktör Analizi, ve araştırma amacına yönelik parametrik ve parametrik olmayan testler kullanılmıştır. Araştırma bulguları, sektördeki çalışanların dijital yetkinlik ve uyum algılarının genel olarak yüksek, dijital kaygılarının ise düşük olduğunu ortaya koymuştur. Eğitim seviyesi ve gelir düzeyinin, çalışanların dijital yetkinlik algılarını belirleyen en önemli faktörler arasında yer aldığı bulunmuştur. Daha yüksek eğitim ve gelir seviyelerine sahip bireylerin dijital yetkinlikleri ve uyum algıları daha güçlüdür. Ayrıca, internet kullanım süresinin artmasıyla dijital yetkinliklerin ve uyum algılarının yükseldiği, dijital kaygının ise azaldığı gözlemlenmiştir. Bu bulgular, dijitalleşme süreçlerinde eğitim fırsatlarının ve dijital erişim olanaklarının arttırılmasının, çalışanların teknolojik adaptasyonunu hızlandırarak sektördeki dijital dönüşümü olumlu yönde etkileyeceğini göstermektedir. Sigortacılık ve bankacılık sektörlerinde dijitalleşmenin daha etkin bir şekilde hayata geçebilmesi için bu tür stratejilerin benimsenmesi gerektiği vurgulanmaktadır.

Kaynakça

  • Barutçu, M., & Öztırak, M. (2024). A research on determining the effect of person-environmental adaptation on attitude to work. Malatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi İşletme ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 258-284.
  • Bhutto, S. A., Jamal, Y., & Ullah, S. (2023). FinTech adoption, HR competency potential, service innovation and firm growth in banking sector. Heliyon, 9(3).
  • Blanka, C., Krumay, B., & Rueckel, D. (2022). The interplay of digital transformation and employee competency: A design science approach. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 178, 121575.
  • Bozkurt, Ö. (2019). Girişimcilik 4.0 ama nasıl? Kavramsal bir çerçeve. ICEB'19 – International Congress of Economics and Business, 11-13 April 2019, Bursa/Turkey, 549-559.
  • Cansız, M., Kurnaz, Z., & Yavan, N. (2018). Girişimcilik ekosisteminde Türkiye için yeni bir araç: Yenilik merkezleri/ağları. Verimlilik Dergisi, (4), 7-69. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/verimlilik/issue/39530/432725 d’Ignazio, A., Finaldi Russo, P., & Stacchini, M. (2025). Micro-entrepreneurs’ financial and digital competences during the pandemic in Italy. Italian Economic Journal, 1-37.
  • de Andrés-Sánchez, J., & Gené-Albesa, J. (2024). Assessing attitude and behavioral intention toward chatbots in an insurance setting: A mixed method approach. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 40(17), 4918-4933.
  • Diener, F., & Špaček, M. (2021). Digital transformation in banking: A managerial perspective on barriers to change. Sustainability, 13(4), 2032.
  • Elgargouh, Y., Chbihi Louhdi, M. R., Zemmouri, E. M., & Behja, H. (2024, August). Knowledge management for improved digital transformation in insurance companies: Systematic review and perspectives. In Informatics (Vol. 11, No. 3, p. 60). MDPI.
  • Folea, V., & Folcut, O. (2019). Analysis of the digital skills in the EU labor market: A case study of the banking sector. European Journal of Economics and Business Studies, 5(2), 66-78.
  • Juhász, T., Kálmán, B., Tóth, A., & Horváth, A. (2022). Digital competence development in a few countries of the European Union. Management & Marketing, 17(2), 178-192.
  • Karaşin, Y., & Öztırak, M. (2023). Çalışanların kariyer adanmışlığının öznel iyi oluşları üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi: Sağlık sektöründe bir uygulama. Journal of Healthcare Management and Leadership, (1), 46-56.
  • Kitsios, F., Giatsidis, I., & Kamariotou, M. (2021). Digital transformation and strategy in the banking sector: Evaluating the acceptance rate of e-services. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(3), 204.
  • Mazurchenko, A. (2025). Fundamentals of researches, methodology, and solution procedure. In The Impact of the Digitalization on the Human Resource Management (pp. 1-30). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.
  • Mazurchenko, A. (2025). Summary of research results, discussion and contributions. In The Impact of the Digitalization on the Human Resource Management (pp. 139-147). Springer Nature Switzerland.
  • Mazurchenko, A., Zelenka, M., & Maršíková, K. (2022). Demand for employees' digital skills in the context of banking 4.0. E&M Ekonomie a Management, 25(2), 41-58.
  • Muduli, A., & Choudhury, A. (2024). Digital technology adoption, workforce agility and digital technology outcomes in the context of the banking industry of India. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management.
  • Ocloo, E. C., Coffie, I. S., Bukari, Z., & Bashiru, S. (2024). Digitization of small and medium-size restaurant enterprises: The mediating role of owner/manager IT skill and moderating influence of COVID-19. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), 2358549.
  • Oesterreich, T. D., Teuteberg, F., Bensberg, F., & Buscher, G. (2019). The controlling profession in the digital age: Understanding the impact of digitisation on the controller's job roles, skills and competences. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, 35, 100432.
  • Öztırak, M. (2023). A study on the impact of artificial intelligence anxiety on the innovation-oriented behaviours of employees. Optimum Ekonomi ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(2), 267-286.
  • Öztırak, M. (2024). Restructuring business processes in the transformation journey: Digital transformation. In New Strategy Models in Digital Entrepreneurship (pp. 71-93). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
  • Öztırak, M. (2023). İnsan kaynaklarında dijital dönüşüm süreci IK 4.0. Kamu ve Özel Sektör Boyutuyla İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi, 87.
  • Piroșcă, G. I., Șerban-Oprescu, G. L., Badea, L., Stanef-Puică, M. R., & Valdebenito, C. R. (2021). Digitalization and labor market—A perspective within the framework of pandemic crisis. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 16(7), 2843-2857.
  • Ribeiro-Navarrete, S., Botella-Carrubi, D., Palacios-Marqués, D., & Orero-Blat, M. (2021). The effect of digitalization on business performance: An applied study of KIBS. Journal of Business Research, 126, 319-326.
  • Roodt, H. op’t, Bracht, E. M., van Dick, R., & Hernandez Bark, A. S. (2025). Navigating through the digital workplace: Measuring leader digital competence. Journal of Business and Psychology, 40(1), 179-205.
  • Saygılı, Ö., & Öztırak, M. (2024). The effect of employees' attitudes towards digital technology on their perceptions towards remote working and other forms of flexible working. International Journal of Business and Economic Studies, 6(4), 227-248.
  • Selimović, J., Pilav-Velić, A., & Krndžija, L. (2021). Digital workplace transformation in the financial service sector: Investigating the relationship between employees' expectations and intentions. Technology in Society, 66, 101640.
  • Senem, Ç. M., & Öztırak, M. (2024). The mediating role of green organizational climate in the effect of sustainable leadership on psychological security perception. Journal of Management Theory and Practices Research, 5(2), 141-172.
  • Vallerie, D., & Peterson, R. (2009). Entrepreneurship and economic growth: Evidence from emerging and developed countries. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 21(5-6), 459-480.

Differences in Employees’ Digitalization Competencies and Attitudes: A Study in Insurance and Banking Sector

Yıl 2025, Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1, 101 - 128, 19.03.2025

Öz

This research aims to examine the differences in digitalization competencies and attitudes of employees in the insurance and banking sectors. Data were collected through an online survey conducted with 212 employees operating in the insurance and banking sectors in Istanbul in December 2024. The data were analyzed using SPSS 21 and SPSS AMOS 21 software. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used for reliability tests, Confirmatory Factor Analysis for structural equation modeling, and parametric and nonparametric tests for the purpose of the research. The research findings revealed that the digital competence and adaptation perceptions of employees in the sector were generally high, while their digital anxiety was low. It was found that the level of education and income were among the most important factors determining the digital competence perceptions of employees. Individuals with higher education and income levels have stronger digital competencies and adaptation perceptions. In addition, it was observed that digital competence and adaptation perceptions increased with the increase in internet usage time, while digital anxiety decreased. These findings show that increasing educational opportunities and digital access opportunities in digitalization processes will positively affect the digital transformation in the sector by accelerating the technological adaptation of employees. It is emphasized that such strategies should be adopted in order for digitalization to be implemented more effectively in the insurance and banking sectors.

Kaynakça

  • Barutçu, M., & Öztırak, M. (2024). A research on determining the effect of person-environmental adaptation on attitude to work. Malatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi İşletme ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 5(2), 258-284.
  • Bhutto, S. A., Jamal, Y., & Ullah, S. (2023). FinTech adoption, HR competency potential, service innovation and firm growth in banking sector. Heliyon, 9(3).
  • Blanka, C., Krumay, B., & Rueckel, D. (2022). The interplay of digital transformation and employee competency: A design science approach. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 178, 121575.
  • Bozkurt, Ö. (2019). Girişimcilik 4.0 ama nasıl? Kavramsal bir çerçeve. ICEB'19 – International Congress of Economics and Business, 11-13 April 2019, Bursa/Turkey, 549-559.
  • Cansız, M., Kurnaz, Z., & Yavan, N. (2018). Girişimcilik ekosisteminde Türkiye için yeni bir araç: Yenilik merkezleri/ağları. Verimlilik Dergisi, (4), 7-69. https://dergipark.org.tr/en/pub/verimlilik/issue/39530/432725 d’Ignazio, A., Finaldi Russo, P., & Stacchini, M. (2025). Micro-entrepreneurs’ financial and digital competences during the pandemic in Italy. Italian Economic Journal, 1-37.
  • de Andrés-Sánchez, J., & Gené-Albesa, J. (2024). Assessing attitude and behavioral intention toward chatbots in an insurance setting: A mixed method approach. International Journal of Human–Computer Interaction, 40(17), 4918-4933.
  • Diener, F., & Špaček, M. (2021). Digital transformation in banking: A managerial perspective on barriers to change. Sustainability, 13(4), 2032.
  • Elgargouh, Y., Chbihi Louhdi, M. R., Zemmouri, E. M., & Behja, H. (2024, August). Knowledge management for improved digital transformation in insurance companies: Systematic review and perspectives. In Informatics (Vol. 11, No. 3, p. 60). MDPI.
  • Folea, V., & Folcut, O. (2019). Analysis of the digital skills in the EU labor market: A case study of the banking sector. European Journal of Economics and Business Studies, 5(2), 66-78.
  • Juhász, T., Kálmán, B., Tóth, A., & Horváth, A. (2022). Digital competence development in a few countries of the European Union. Management & Marketing, 17(2), 178-192.
  • Karaşin, Y., & Öztırak, M. (2023). Çalışanların kariyer adanmışlığının öznel iyi oluşları üzerindeki etkisinin incelenmesi: Sağlık sektöründe bir uygulama. Journal of Healthcare Management and Leadership, (1), 46-56.
  • Kitsios, F., Giatsidis, I., & Kamariotou, M. (2021). Digital transformation and strategy in the banking sector: Evaluating the acceptance rate of e-services. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(3), 204.
  • Mazurchenko, A. (2025). Fundamentals of researches, methodology, and solution procedure. In The Impact of the Digitalization on the Human Resource Management (pp. 1-30). Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland.
  • Mazurchenko, A. (2025). Summary of research results, discussion and contributions. In The Impact of the Digitalization on the Human Resource Management (pp. 139-147). Springer Nature Switzerland.
  • Mazurchenko, A., Zelenka, M., & Maršíková, K. (2022). Demand for employees' digital skills in the context of banking 4.0. E&M Ekonomie a Management, 25(2), 41-58.
  • Muduli, A., & Choudhury, A. (2024). Digital technology adoption, workforce agility and digital technology outcomes in the context of the banking industry of India. Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management.
  • Ocloo, E. C., Coffie, I. S., Bukari, Z., & Bashiru, S. (2024). Digitization of small and medium-size restaurant enterprises: The mediating role of owner/manager IT skill and moderating influence of COVID-19. Cogent Business & Management, 11(1), 2358549.
  • Oesterreich, T. D., Teuteberg, F., Bensberg, F., & Buscher, G. (2019). The controlling profession in the digital age: Understanding the impact of digitisation on the controller's job roles, skills and competences. International Journal of Accounting Information Systems, 35, 100432.
  • Öztırak, M. (2023). A study on the impact of artificial intelligence anxiety on the innovation-oriented behaviours of employees. Optimum Ekonomi ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 10(2), 267-286.
  • Öztırak, M. (2024). Restructuring business processes in the transformation journey: Digital transformation. In New Strategy Models in Digital Entrepreneurship (pp. 71-93). IGI Global Scientific Publishing.
  • Öztırak, M. (2023). İnsan kaynaklarında dijital dönüşüm süreci IK 4.0. Kamu ve Özel Sektör Boyutuyla İnsan Kaynakları Yönetimi, 87.
  • Piroșcă, G. I., Șerban-Oprescu, G. L., Badea, L., Stanef-Puică, M. R., & Valdebenito, C. R. (2021). Digitalization and labor market—A perspective within the framework of pandemic crisis. Journal of Theoretical and Applied Electronic Commerce Research, 16(7), 2843-2857.
  • Ribeiro-Navarrete, S., Botella-Carrubi, D., Palacios-Marqués, D., & Orero-Blat, M. (2021). The effect of digitalization on business performance: An applied study of KIBS. Journal of Business Research, 126, 319-326.
  • Roodt, H. op’t, Bracht, E. M., van Dick, R., & Hernandez Bark, A. S. (2025). Navigating through the digital workplace: Measuring leader digital competence. Journal of Business and Psychology, 40(1), 179-205.
  • Saygılı, Ö., & Öztırak, M. (2024). The effect of employees' attitudes towards digital technology on their perceptions towards remote working and other forms of flexible working. International Journal of Business and Economic Studies, 6(4), 227-248.
  • Selimović, J., Pilav-Velić, A., & Krndžija, L. (2021). Digital workplace transformation in the financial service sector: Investigating the relationship between employees' expectations and intentions. Technology in Society, 66, 101640.
  • Senem, Ç. M., & Öztırak, M. (2024). The mediating role of green organizational climate in the effect of sustainable leadership on psychological security perception. Journal of Management Theory and Practices Research, 5(2), 141-172.
  • Vallerie, D., & Peterson, R. (2009). Entrepreneurship and economic growth: Evidence from emerging and developed countries. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 21(5-6), 459-480.
Toplam 28 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Yönetim ve Organizasyon Eğitimi
Bölüm Makaleler
Yazarlar

Meltem Bakkal 0009-0008-2583-7444

Mesut Öztırak 0000-0003-4828-7293

Erken Görünüm Tarihi 20 Mart 2025
Yayımlanma Tarihi 19 Mart 2025
Gönderilme Tarihi 19 Şubat 2025
Kabul Tarihi 15 Mart 2025
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2025 Cilt: 6 Sayı: 1

Kaynak Göster

APA Bakkal, M., & Öztırak, M. (2025). Differences in Employees’ Digitalization Competencies and Attitudes: A Study in Insurance and Banking Sector. Malatya Turgut Özal Üniversitesi İşletme Ve Yönetim Bilimleri Dergisi, 6(1), 101-128.