Confederal Agreements: A Proposal to Resolve Secession-Related Minority Issues

Yıl 2020, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 208 - 232, 30.12.2020

Hakan Kolçak

Öz

There are various minority-led separatist movements in Europe that seek to transform self-governing regions into sovereign states. The existing European states are not eager to fulfil this minority demand, but the growing separatist trends continue to cause numerous constitutional problems across Europe. The existing states are likely to resolve such problems in the name of preserving their constitutional orders. According to this article, confederal settlements would contribute to the resolution of the problems. It is possible for separatist national minorities to achieve their main aim – i.e. to construct their sovereign states – via confederal settlements. These settlements would enable secessionist minorities and their host states to preserve and promote their constitutional links. The protected and developed links would ultimately urge confederal allies – national minorities and their parent states – to turn their unions into highly stable federations or unitary states.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Separatist Movements, Secession, Sovereign Statehood, Confederalism, Autonomy, National Minorities

Konfederal Antlaşmalar: Ayrılmaya İlişkin Azınlık Sorunlarını Çözmek İçin Bir Öneri

Öz

Özerk bölgeleri egemen devletlere dönüştürmeyi hedefleyen, azınlık-odaklı pek çok ayrılıkçı akım Avrupa’da varlığını sürdürmektedir. Mevzu bahis hedefi gerçekleştirmek için mevcut Avrupa devletleri hevesli gözükmüyor olsa da büyüyen ayrılıkçı eğilimler, Avrupa çapında sayısız anayasal soruna yol açmaya devam etmektedir. Mevcut devletlerin kendi anayasal düzenlerini koruma adına söz konusu sorunları çözmesi ihtimal dahilindedir. Bu çalışmaya göre; konfederal antlaşmalar, bahsi geçen sorunların çözümünde katkı sunabilir. Ayrılıkçı ulusal azınlıklar, bu tip antlaşmalar marifetiyle egemen devlet kurmak şeklinde ifade ettikleri ana hedeflerine ulaşabilirler. Ek olarak; konfederal antlaşmalar, ayrılıkçı azınlıklar ve bu azınlıkları barındıran devletler arasında bulunan anayasal bağların korunmasını ve geliştirilmesini mümkün kılabilir. Korunan ve geliştirilen bağların nihai bir sonucu olarak; konfederal müttefikler – ulusal azınlıklar ve bu azınlıkları barındıran devletler – kurmuş oldukları birliklerini istikrarlı federasyonlara yahut üniter devletlere dönüştürebilir.

Anahtar Kelimeler

Ayrılıkçı Akımlar, Ayrılma, Egemen Devlet Olma, Konfederalleşme, Özerklik, Ulusal Azınlıklar

Kaynakça

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