Boraksın (Na2O2B2O3.10H2O) Tenebrio mollitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) Üzerindeki LC50 Değerinin Belirlenmesi ve Boraksın Subletal Dozlarının Un Kurdu Larvaları Üzerindeki Toksik Etkilerinin Belirlenmesi
Öz
Bu çalışmada, boraksın;
100, 1.000, 10.000, 100.000 ppm dozları Tenebrio mollitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae)’un üzerinde test edilerek letal
konsantrasyon 50 (LC50) değeri belirlendi. LC50 değeri 20
gün sonra larvalar için 3.402,15 ppm, erginler için ise 28.512,5 ppm olarak
tespit edildi. Ayrıca boraksın subletal dozları olan 100, 1.000, 3.000 ppm
dozları, böceğin larval ağırlığına etkilerini ve hemositleri üzerinde meydana
getirdiği olumsuz etkileri belirlemek için test edildi. 100 ppm hariç diğer
dozlarda kontrol grubuna göre larval ağırlık ortalamalarında düşüş
gözlemlenirken, 3.000 ppm deney grubunda
kontrol grubuna göre istatistiksel açıdan önemli derecede düşüş görüldü. Son
olarak yüksek dozlara maruz kalan grupların (1.000 ppm ve 3.000 ppm boraks)
hemositlerinde; apoptoz, nekroz ve mikronükleus oluşumları Giemsa boyama
tekniği ile belirlendi.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Giemsa Tenebrio mollitor Hemosit Larval ağırlık Tenebrio mollitor
Kaynakça
- [1] Collins, L., Edwards, L., “Toxicity of moist snuff and impact on various stages of darkling beetles (Tenebrio molitor)”, Explorations, Biology and Biotechnology, 2017. [2] Berger, J., Slavickova, K., “Morphological characterization of hemocytes in the adult Linden Bug, Pyrrhocoris apterus (L.) (Heteroptera), Zoological Studies, 47(4): 466-472, 2008. [3] Gupta, A.,P., “Hemocyte types: their structures, synonymies, interrelationships, and taxonomic significance”, In AP Gupta, ed. Insect hemocytes, New York: Cambridge University Press, 85-127, 1979. [4] Anonima, “Kimya Borsası”, http://www.kimyaborsasi.com.tr/b/boraks-27.html, 2017. [5] Sağlam, M., Köseoğlu, S., Enhoş, Ş., “Periodontolojide bor”, Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi (Journal of Health Sciences, 22(1), 70-75, 2013. [6] Anonimb, “Boric acid, human and environmental risk assessment on ingredients of household cleaning products”, HERA, 2-81, 2005. [7] Parlak, H., Arslan Çakal, Ö., Boyacığlu, M., Karaarslan, A.M., “Ekotoksikoloji”, Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi, 63, 2009. [8] Qiang, X., Hongxia, S., Yinghua, S., Dexiang, U.G., Zhang, G., “Apoptosis of Spodoptera litura larval hemocytes induced by heavy metal zinc”, Chinese Science Bulletin, 50(24), 2856-2860, 2005. [9] Coşkun, G., Özgür, H., “Molecular mechanism of apoptosis and necrosis”, Archives Medical Review Journal, 20(3), 145-158, 2011. [10] Üstüner, D., “Kromozom kırıkları ve mikronükleus-apoptoz bağlantısı”, Tübav Bilim Dergisi, 4, 64-69, 2011. [11] Patil, B.S., Magdum, S.C., “Determination of LC50 values of extracts of Euphorbia hirta Linn and Euphorbia neriifolia Linn using brine shrimp lethality assay”, Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1, 2, 42-43, 2011. [12] Anonimc, “Acute toxicity,”, http://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/safework/ghs/ghsfinal/ghsc05.pdf, 2017. [13] Pongsavee, M., “Genotoxic effects of borax on human lymphocytes”, Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, Bangkok, 40, 2, 411-8, 2009. [14] Büyükgüzel, K., Büyükgüzel, E., “İnsan çevre ve tarım açısından borik asitin zararlı böceklerin ve diğer artropodların mücadelesindeki önemi”, Zonguldak Karaelmas Üniversitesi, Avrupa Birliği 6. Çerçeve Programı kapsamında II. Bor Çalıştayı, Zonguldak, 2004 [15] Sak, O., Uçkan, F., “Cypermethrinin Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)’nın puplaşma ve ölüm oranına etkisi, Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi, 9 (3), 88-96, 2009. [16] Konuk, M., Liman, R., Ciğerci, H.İ., “Determination of genotoxic effect of boron on Allium cepa root meristematic cell”, Pakistan Journal of Botanic, 39(1), 73-79, 2007. [17] Jolly, W.L., “Modern inorganic chemistry”, 2nd Ed. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1991. [18] Diplock, A., “Healty lifestyles nutrition and physical activity: antioxidant nutrients”, ILSI Europe Concise Monograph Series, 59, 1998. [19] Palupi, M.R., Andayani, S., Fadjar, M., “Bioaccumulation of heavy metal zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) and histology of grouper (Epinephelus Suilus) in coastal panceng waters Of Gresik regency. Journal of Scientıfıc & Technology Research, 5(1), 2277-8616, 2016. [20] Jesus D., Silva-Zacarin, E.C.M., Malaspina, O., “Histological studies in the midgut and malpighian tubules of Apis mellifera workers treated with boric acid”, Brazilian Journal of Morphological Sciences, 22, 168, 2005. [21] Malaspina, O., Mathias, C.E., Zacarin, S., “Cell markers for ecotoxicological studies in target organs bees”, Brazilian Journal of Morphological Sciences, 23(3-4), 303-309, 2006. [22] Wei, Y., Yuan, J.F., Zhou, B.W., Wu, L., Chen, L., Wang, J.J., Zhang, S.Y., “Borax-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells involves p53, Bcl-2, and Bax”, Genetics and Molecular Research, 15 (2), 1-10, 2016. [23] Sylvain, I.C., Berry J.P., Galle P., “Ultrastructural apoptotic lesions induced in rat thymocytes after borax ingestion”, Anticancer Res, 18, 2455-61, 1998. [24] Altunkaynak, Z.B., Özbek, E., “Programlanmış Hücre Ölümü: Apoptoz Nedir?”, Tıp Araştırmaları Dergisi”, 6 (2), 93 -104, 2008. [25] Şekeroğlu, V., Atlı-Şekeroğlu, Z., “Genotoksik hasarın belirlenmesinde mikronükleus testi, Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi, 68(4), 241 – 252, 2011. [26] Plata-Rueada, A., Martinez, C.L., Santos, D.H.M., Fernandes, L.F., Wilcken, F.C., Soares, A.M., Serrao, E.C., Zanunciob, C.J., “Insecticidal activity of garlic essential oil and their constituents against the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), Scientific Reports, 7, 46406, 2017.
Determination of LC50 Value of Borax (Na2O2B2O3.10H2O) on Tenebrio mollitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Determination Toxic Effects of Sublethal Doses of Borax on Mealworm Larvae
Öz
In this study, lethal concentration 50 (LC50) value of borax on Tenebrio mollitor (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) was determined with testing 100, 1.000, 10.000, 100.000 ppm borax doses. The LC50 value was determined after 20 days later as 3.402,15 ppm for larvae and 28.512,5 ppm for adults. Also sublethal 100, 1.000, 3.000 ppm borax doses were tested to determine the effects on the larval weight of insect and the adverse effects on the hemocytes. When at other doses except 100 ppm, a decrease was observed in the larval weight means compared to the control group, also a statistically significant decrease was observed in the 3.000 ppm test group compared to the control group. Finally, apoptosis, necrosis and micronucleus formations were determined by Giemsa staining technique in hemocytes of groups exposed to high doses (1.000 ppm and 3.000 ppm borax).
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- [1] Collins, L., Edwards, L., “Toxicity of moist snuff and impact on various stages of darkling beetles (Tenebrio molitor)”, Explorations, Biology and Biotechnology, 2017. [2] Berger, J., Slavickova, K., “Morphological characterization of hemocytes in the adult Linden Bug, Pyrrhocoris apterus (L.) (Heteroptera), Zoological Studies, 47(4): 466-472, 2008. [3] Gupta, A.,P., “Hemocyte types: their structures, synonymies, interrelationships, and taxonomic significance”, In AP Gupta, ed. Insect hemocytes, New York: Cambridge University Press, 85-127, 1979. [4] Anonima, “Kimya Borsası”, http://www.kimyaborsasi.com.tr/b/boraks-27.html, 2017. [5] Sağlam, M., Köseoğlu, S., Enhoş, Ş., “Periodontolojide bor”, Sağlık Bilimleri Dergisi (Journal of Health Sciences, 22(1), 70-75, 2013. [6] Anonimb, “Boric acid, human and environmental risk assessment on ingredients of household cleaning products”, HERA, 2-81, 2005. [7] Parlak, H., Arslan Çakal, Ö., Boyacığlu, M., Karaarslan, A.M., “Ekotoksikoloji”, Ege Üniversitesi Basımevi, 63, 2009. [8] Qiang, X., Hongxia, S., Yinghua, S., Dexiang, U.G., Zhang, G., “Apoptosis of Spodoptera litura larval hemocytes induced by heavy metal zinc”, Chinese Science Bulletin, 50(24), 2856-2860, 2005. [9] Coşkun, G., Özgür, H., “Molecular mechanism of apoptosis and necrosis”, Archives Medical Review Journal, 20(3), 145-158, 2011. [10] Üstüner, D., “Kromozom kırıkları ve mikronükleus-apoptoz bağlantısı”, Tübav Bilim Dergisi, 4, 64-69, 2011. [11] Patil, B.S., Magdum, S.C., “Determination of LC50 values of extracts of Euphorbia hirta Linn and Euphorbia neriifolia Linn using brine shrimp lethality assay”, Asian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1, 2, 42-43, 2011. [12] Anonimc, “Acute toxicity,”, http://www.ilo.org/legacy/english/protection/safework/ghs/ghsfinal/ghsc05.pdf, 2017. [13] Pongsavee, M., “Genotoxic effects of borax on human lymphocytes”, Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health, Bangkok, 40, 2, 411-8, 2009. [14] Büyükgüzel, K., Büyükgüzel, E., “İnsan çevre ve tarım açısından borik asitin zararlı böceklerin ve diğer artropodların mücadelesindeki önemi”, Zonguldak Karaelmas Üniversitesi, Avrupa Birliği 6. Çerçeve Programı kapsamında II. Bor Çalıştayı, Zonguldak, 2004 [15] Sak, O., Uçkan, F., “Cypermethrinin Galleria mellonella L. (Lepidoptera: Pyralidae)’nın puplaşma ve ölüm oranına etkisi, Uludağ Arıcılık Dergisi, 9 (3), 88-96, 2009. [16] Konuk, M., Liman, R., Ciğerci, H.İ., “Determination of genotoxic effect of boron on Allium cepa root meristematic cell”, Pakistan Journal of Botanic, 39(1), 73-79, 2007. [17] Jolly, W.L., “Modern inorganic chemistry”, 2nd Ed. McGraw-Hill, New York, 1991. [18] Diplock, A., “Healty lifestyles nutrition and physical activity: antioxidant nutrients”, ILSI Europe Concise Monograph Series, 59, 1998. [19] Palupi, M.R., Andayani, S., Fadjar, M., “Bioaccumulation of heavy metal zinc (Zn) and copper (Cu) and histology of grouper (Epinephelus Suilus) in coastal panceng waters Of Gresik regency. Journal of Scientıfıc & Technology Research, 5(1), 2277-8616, 2016. [20] Jesus D., Silva-Zacarin, E.C.M., Malaspina, O., “Histological studies in the midgut and malpighian tubules of Apis mellifera workers treated with boric acid”, Brazilian Journal of Morphological Sciences, 22, 168, 2005. [21] Malaspina, O., Mathias, C.E., Zacarin, S., “Cell markers for ecotoxicological studies in target organs bees”, Brazilian Journal of Morphological Sciences, 23(3-4), 303-309, 2006. [22] Wei, Y., Yuan, J.F., Zhou, B.W., Wu, L., Chen, L., Wang, J.J., Zhang, S.Y., “Borax-induced apoptosis in HepG2 cells involves p53, Bcl-2, and Bax”, Genetics and Molecular Research, 15 (2), 1-10, 2016. [23] Sylvain, I.C., Berry J.P., Galle P., “Ultrastructural apoptotic lesions induced in rat thymocytes after borax ingestion”, Anticancer Res, 18, 2455-61, 1998. [24] Altunkaynak, Z.B., Özbek, E., “Programlanmış Hücre Ölümü: Apoptoz Nedir?”, Tıp Araştırmaları Dergisi”, 6 (2), 93 -104, 2008. [25] Şekeroğlu, V., Atlı-Şekeroğlu, Z., “Genotoksik hasarın belirlenmesinde mikronükleus testi, Türk Hijyen ve Deneysel Biyoloji Dergisi, 68(4), 241 – 252, 2011. [26] Plata-Rueada, A., Martinez, C.L., Santos, D.H.M., Fernandes, L.F., Wilcken, F.C., Soares, A.M., Serrao, E.C., Zanunciob, C.J., “Insecticidal activity of garlic essential oil and their constituents against the mealworm beetle, Tenebrio molitor Linnaeus (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae), Scientific Reports, 7, 46406, 2017.
Ayrıntılar
| Konular | Mühendislik |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Biyoloji |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 30 Aralık 2017 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 10 Ekim 2017 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2017 |
Kaynak Göster
Dergimizin tarandığı indeksler